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Redscale
Redscale is a technique of shooting photographic film where the film is exposed from the wrong side, i.e. the emulsion is exposed through the base of the film. Normally, this is done by winding the film upside-down into an empty film canister. The name "redscale" comes because there is a strong color shift to red due to the red-sensitive layer of the film being exposed first, rather than last C-41_process.html"_;"title="he_red_layer_is_normally_the_bottom_layer_in_C-41_process">C-41_(color_print)_film_All_layers_are_sensitive_to_blue_light,_so_normally_the_blue_layer_is_on_top,_followed_by_a_filter._In_this_technique,_blue_light_exposes_the_layers_containing_cyan_and_magenta_dyes,_but_the_layer_containing_yellow_dye_is_left_unexposed_due_to_the_filter._E-6_process.html" ;"title="C-41 process">C-41 (color print) film">C-41_process.html" ;"title="he red layer is normally the bottom layer in C-41 process">C-41 (color print) film All layers are sensitive to blue light, so normally t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redscale Film Landscape Photograph At 7 Different Exposure Settings
Redscale is a technique of shooting photographic film where the film is exposed from the wrong side, i.e. the emulsion is exposed through the base of the film. Normally, this is done by winding the film upside-down into an empty film canister. The name "redscale" comes because there is a strong color shift to red due to the red-sensitive layer of the film being exposed first, rather than last C-41_process.html"_;"title="he_red_layer_is_normally_the_bottom_layer_in_C-41_process">C-41_(color_print)_film_All_layers_are_sensitive_to_blue_light,_so_normally_the_blue_layer_is_on_top,_followed_by_a_filter._In_this_technique,_blue_light_exposes_the_layers_containing_cyan_and_magenta_dyes,_but_the_layer_containing_yellow_dye_is_left_unexposed_due_to_the_filter._E-6_process.html" ;"title="-41_process">C-41_(color_print)_film.html" ;"title="C-41_process.html" ;"title="he red layer is normally the bottom layer in C-41 process">C-41 (color print) film">C-41_process.html" ;"title="he red layer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lo-fi Photography
Lo-fi photography ("lo-fi" meaning low-fidelity, referring to "any process which fails to achieve the accuracy and 'transparency'") refers to unconventional photographic practices, chosen for aesthetics, which give an impression of low quality. Popular techniques include the use of toy cameras or pinhole cameras, for their distinctive stylistic effects. It can be considered a reaction to the perceived ease of creating technically perfect photos in the digital age. Some emphasize a return to film, while others use digital technology to accomplish the same effects. Low-fidelity photography has also been commonly linked with lo-fi music as well. Details Lo-fi photography uses film or digital photography techniques to create more of a soft, unusual look to photos compared to the crisp and high definition photographs that standard photography aims to provide. These lo-fi images can be any combination of distorted, soft, hazy, under/over exposed and in any way unusual. Often, creating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross Processing
Cross processing (sometimes abbreviated to Xpro) is the deliberate processing of photographic film in a chemical solution intended for a different type of film. The effect was discovered independently by many different photographers often by mistake in the days of C-22 and E-4. Color cross processed photographs are often characterized by unnatural colors and high contrast. The results of cross processing differ from case to case, as the results are determined by many factors such as the make and type of the film used, the amount of light exposed onto the film and the chemical used to develop the film. Similar effects can also be achieved with digital filter effects. Processes Cross processing usually involves one of the two following methods. * Processing positive color reversal film in C-41 chemicals, resulting in a negative image on a colorless base. * Processing negative color print film in E-6 chemicals, resulting in a positive image but with the orange base of a normall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photographic Film
Photographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent film base coated on one side with a gelatin photographic emulsion, emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast, and image resolution, resolution of the film. The emulsion will gradually darken if left exposed to light, but the process is too slow and incomplete to be of any practical use. Instead, a very short exposure (photography), exposure to the image formed by a camera lens is used to produce only a very slight chemical change, proportional to the amount of light absorbed by each crystal. This creates an invisible latent image in the emulsion, which can be chemically photographic processing, developed into a visible photograph. In addition to visible light, all films are sensitive to ultraviolet light, X-rays, gamma rays, and particle radiation, high-energy particles. Unmodified silver halide crys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C-41 Process
C-41 is a chromogenic color print film developing process introduced by Kodak in 1972, superseding the C-22 process. C-41, also known as CN-16 by Fuji, CNK-4 by Konica, and AP-70 by AGFA, is the most popular film process in use, with most photofinishing labs devoting at least one machine to this development process. Processed C-41 negatives, as with all color films, consist of an image formed of dye. Due to the long-term instability of dyes, C-41 negatives can fade or color-shift over time. This was a significant problem with early films; whether the newer films are archival or not is a subject of some debate. Film layers C-41 film consists of an acetate or polyester film base, onto which multiple emulsions are coated. Each layer is only sensitive to a certain color of visible light. In the classic illustrative example, there are three emulsions: one is red sensitive, another is green sensitive, and the top is blue-sensitive. Beneath the blue layer is a yellow filter, composed of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-6 Process
The E-6 process (often abbreviated to E-6) is a chromogenic Photographic processing, photographic process for developing Ektachrome, Fujichrome and other Reversal film, color reversal (also called slide or transparency) photographic film. Unlike some color reversal processes (such as Kodachrome K-14 process, K-14) that produce positive transparencies, E-6 processing can be performed by individual users with the same equipment that is used for processing black and white negative film or C-41 process, C-41 color negative film. The process is highly sensitive to temperature variations: A heated water bath is mandatory to stabilize the temperature at 100.0 °F (37.8 °C) for the first developer and first wash to maintain process tolerances. History The E-6 process superseded Kodak's E-3 process, E-3 and E-4 process, E-4 processes. The E-3 process required fogging with light to accomplish image reversal and produced transparencies that faded quickly. The E-4 process used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toy Camera
A toy camera is a simple, inexpensive film camera. Despite the name, toy cameras are fully functional and capable of taking photographs, though with optical aberrations due to the limitations of their simple lenses. From the 1990s onward, there has been interest in the artistic use of such cameras or recreation of this style, both with cameras originally designed for children, and others originally intended as mass-market consumer cameras. Many professional photographers have used toy cameras and exploited the vignetting, blur, light leaks, and other distortions of their inexpensive lenses for artistic effect to take award-winning pictures. Toy camera photography has been widely exhibited at many popular art shows, such as the annual "Krappy Kamera" show at the Soho Photo Gallery in the Tribeca neighborhood of New York City. Various publications such as ''Popular Photography'' magazine have extolled the virtues of the Diana camera in its own right as an "art" producing im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinhole Camera
A pinhole camera is a simple camera without a lens but with a tiny aperture (the so-called ''pinhole'')—effectively a light-proof box with a small hole in one side. Light from a scene passes through the aperture and projects an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, which is known as the camera obscura effect. The size of the images depends on the distance between the object and the pinhole. History Camera obscura The camera obscura or pinhole image is a natural optical phenomenon. Early known descriptions are found in the Chinese Mozi writings (circa 500 BCE) and the Aristotelian ''Problems'' (circa 300 BCE – 600 CE). Ibn al-Haytham (965–1039), an Arab physicist also known as Alhazen, described the camera obscura effect. Over the centuries others started to experiment with it, mainly in dark rooms with a small opening in shutters, mostly to study the nature of light and to safely watch solar eclipses. Giambattista Della Porta wrote in 1558 in his Magia Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instant Camera
An instant camera is a camera which uses instant film, self-developing film to create a chemically Photographic processing, developed print shortly after taking the picture. Polaroid Corporation pioneered (and Patent, patented) consumer-friendly instant cameras and film, and were followed by various other manufacturers. The base of the technology is from a Hungarian chemist, Rott Andor. His invention, direct positive photography, also known as DTR (Diffusion Transfer Reversal) was patented in 1939. With the DTR process, the photographed surface or object immediately appears as a positive, which is an image corresponding to the dark and light shades of the original. When developing the image, the fixer and the developing material are present at the same time, and they immediately interact. The invention of commercially viable instant cameras which were easy to use is generally credited to United States, American scientist Edwin Land, who unveiled the first commercial instant ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sprocket Hole Photography
Sprocket hole photography is a style of photography that exposes the full width of 35 mm film, creating a photograph punctuated by the "sprocket holes" (perforations) along the edges of the film. Usually, this style involves the use of a modified medium format Medium format has traditionally referred to a film format in photography and the related cameras and equipment that use film. Nowadays, the term applies to film and digital cameras that record images on media larger than the used in 35&nbs ... camera, since a 35 mm camera ordinarily will not expose the edges of the film. External links 35mm Sprocket Holes group on Flickr Photographic techniques {{photo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Speed
Film speed is the measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system. A closely related ISO system is used to describe the relationship between exposure and output image lightness in digital cameras. Relatively insensitive film, with a correspondingly lower speed index, requires more exposure to light to produce the same image density as a more sensitive film, and is thus commonly termed a ''slow film''. Highly sensitive films are correspondingly termed ''fast films''. In both digital and film photography, the reduction of exposure corresponding to use of higher sensitivities generally leads to reduced image quality (via coarser film grain or higher image noise of other types). In short, the higher the sensitivity, the grainier the image will be. Ultimately sensitivity is limited by the quantum efficiency of the film or sensor. Film speed measurement systems His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Light Leak
A light leak is a hole or gap in the body of a camera, or other optical instrument, where light is able to "leak" into the normally light-tight chamber, exposing the film or sensor with extra light. This light is diffuse, although parts within the camera may cast shadows or reflect it in a particular way. For most purposes this is considered a problem. Within the lomography movement it is seen as a positive effect, giving photos character. One frequent source of light leaks in 35 mm cameras is around the film door due to degrading foam. Replacing the foam is a simple matter. Medium format system cameras or large format cameras may have leaks between their various interchangeable parts or in old leather bellows. Electrical tape is often used to repair light leaks in these cases. A light leak, considered as a problem, is a kind of stray light. It is possible to have a "virtual" light leak in spectral regions, like portions of the IR spectrum at room temperature, where surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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