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Prelest
Prelest (from rus, пре́лесть, r=prélestʹ, p=ˈprʲelʲɪsʲtʲ, a=Ru-прелесть.ogg, itself from russian: лесть, lit=charm, seduction, cajolery, translit=lestʹ, ; grc-x-byzant, πλάνη, lit=wandering astray; fallacy, translit=pláni, ), also known as spiritual delusion, spiritual deception, or spiritual illusion, is an Eastern Orthodox Christian term referring to a false spiritual state, a spiritual illness. Prelest should not be confused with mental illness, i.e. illness of the brain. It is a spiritual illness, an illness of the freedom of will, an illness of the soul in its personal relation to God that originates from vainglory, pride, and demonic suggestion and that is to be cured by humility and Holy Sacraments and under the guidance of the spiritual father. In a broad interpretation, everyone is considered to be in prelest, that is, everyone has some wrong thoughts and views, does not fully understand the meaning of life and the degree of own sinfuln ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Orthodox Christian
Eastern Orthodoxy, also known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism. Like the Pentarchy of the first millennium, the mainstream (or "canonical") Eastern Orthodox Church is organised into autocephalous churches independent from each other. In the 21st century, the number of mainstream autocephalous churches is seventeen; there also exist autocephalous churches unrecognized by those mainstream ones. Autocephalous churches choose their own primate. Autocephalous churches can have jurisdiction (authority) over other churches, some of which have the status of "autonomous" which means they have more autonomy than simple eparchies. Many of these jurisdictions correspond to the territories of one or more modern states; the Patriarchate of Moscow, for example, corresponds to Russia and some of the other post-Soviet states. They can also include metropolises, bishoprics, parishes, monast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Motovilov
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Motovilov (russian: link=no, Николай Александрович Мотовилов; 3 May 1809 – 14 January 1879) ''Dukhovny Sobesednik'' 2(46),2006 was a Russian landowner, , businessmanNikolay Motovilov as an ideal of Russian businessman by hegumen Peter Pigal and . [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyril Of Jerusalem
Cyril of Jerusalem ( el, Κύριλλος Α΄ Ἱεροσολύμων, ''Kýrillos A Ierosolýmon''; la, Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus; 313 386 AD) was a theologian of the early Church. About the end of 350 AD he succeeded Maximus as Bishop of Jerusalem, but was exiled on more than one occasion due to the enmity of Acacius of Caesarea, and the policies of various emperors. Cyril left important writings documenting the instruction of catechumens and the order of the Liturgy in his day. Cyril is venerated as a saint within the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. In 1883, Cyril was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XIII. He is highly respected among Palestinian Christians. Cyril is remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration on 18 March. Life and character Little is known of his life before he became a bishop; the assignment of his birth to the year 315 rests on conjecture. Accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark The Ascetic
Marcus Eremita, Mark the Ascetic or Marcus the Ascetic was a Christian theologian, saint, and ascetic writer of the fifth century AD. Mark is rather an ascetic than a dogmatic writer. He is content to accept dogmas from the Church; his interest is in the spiritual life as it should be led by monks. He is practical rather than mystic, belongs to the Antiochene School and shows himself to be a disciple of John Chrysostom.Fortescue, Adrian. "Marcus Eremita." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 4 November 2021 Identification Various theories about his period and works have been advanced. According to J. Kunze, Mark the Hermit was superior of a '' laura'' at[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom (; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407) was an important Early Church Father who served as archbishop of Constantinople. He is known for his homilies, preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, his ''Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom'', and his ascetic sensibilities. The epithet (''Chrysostomos'', anglicized as Chrysostom) means "golden-mouthed" in Greek and denotes his celebrated eloquence. Chrysostom was among the most prolific authors in the early Christian Church, although both Origen, Origen of Alexandria and Augustine of Hippo exceeded Chrysostom. He is honoured as a saint in the Oriental Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox, Catholic Church, Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches, as well as in some others. The Eastern Orthodox, together with the Byzantine Rite, Byzantine Eastern Catholic Churches, Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sisoes The Great
Saint Sisoës the Great (also Sisoi the Great, Sisoy the Great, Sisoes of Sceté or Shishoy; †429 AD) was an early Christian desert father, a solitary monk pursuing asceticism in the Egyptian desert in a cave of his predecessor, St Anthony the Great. St Sisoës is revered as a saint by Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches, who consider him a wonderworker. His feast day is observed on .In some Latin Calendars his feast day was held on July 4.Patristic scholar and Roman Catholic theologian Jean-Baptiste Cotelier bestowed much space on Sisoës in his ''Ecclesiæ Græcæ Monumenta,'' t. i. 662-678. Sisoës was a Copt by birth. Having withdrawn the world from his youth, he retired to the desert of Sceté, and lived some time under the direction of his teacher, Abba Or. The desire of finding a retreat yet more unfrequented induced him to cross the Nile and hide himself in the mountain where St. Anthony the Great had died some time before. See also * Sissoi Veliky (disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexei Osipov
Alexei Osipov (born March 31, 1938, Belev, Tula oblast, Russia) - well known Russian Orthodox theologian, professor and lecturer from Moscow Orthodox Theological Seminary. He is also a widely popular Orthodox pedagogue, publicist and defender of Russian Orthodoxy, being a slavophil, apologist of Eastern Christianity as based on teachings of Church Fathers and exposer of deficiencies of western Catholic teachings. After finishing school he refused to enter any university and in home conditions he undertook the study of theology under the guidance of hegumen Nikon (Vorobyov) for 3 years. In 1958 he entered the 4th (final) grade of Moscow Theological Seminary, having passed exams for the previous three years. Next year he entered Moscow Theological Academy which he finished in 1963. Since 1965 he has been a lecturer of basic theology, since 1975 - professor. Books ''in English:'' Downloadable English translation (in Word Doc.) of Osipov´s "Soul´s life after death" (Posmertnaya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valaam Monastery
The Valaam Monastery (russian: Валаамский монастырь; Finnish version: ''Valamo Monastery'') is a stauropegic Orthodox monastery in Russian Karelia, located on Valaam, the largest island in Lake Ladoga, the largest lake in Europe. History It is not clear when the monastery was founded, as the cloister is not mentioned in documents before the 16th century. Dates from the 10th to the 15th centuries having been suggested. According to one tradition, the monastery was founded by a 10th-century Greek monk, Sergius of Valaam, and his Karelian companion, Herman of Valaam. Heikki Kirkinen inclines to date the foundation of the monastery to the 12th century. Contemporary historians consider even this date too early. According to the scholarly consensus, the monastery was founded at some point towards the end of the 14th century. John H. Lind and Michael C. Paul date the founding to between 1389 and 1393 based on various sources, including the "Tale of the Valaamo Monas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macarius Of Optina
Macarius is a Latinized form of the old Greek given name Makários (Μακάριος), meaning "happy, fortunate, blessed"; confer the Latin '' beatus'' and ''felix''. Ancient Greeks applied the epithet ''Makarios'' to the gods. In other languages the name has the following forms: *Finnish: the given name Kari or Karri. Derived surname: Mäkäräinen. *Greek: Makarios (Μακάριος) *Italian: Macario, which is also a family name *Portuguese: Macário * Spanish Macarena (name) *Russian/Ukrainian/Belarusian: Makar (Макар) from Church Slavonic Makariy (Макарій). Derived surnames: Makarov/Makarova, Makarenko, Makarchuk, Makarevich. *Serbian: Makarije/Макарије *Romanian: Macarescu (surname) *French: Macaire People named Macarius *Macarius of Alexandria, a martyr, saint, and companion of Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius of Alexandria *Macarius of Egypt (300–390), Egyptian monk and hermit. Also known as Pseudo-Macarius, Macarius-Symeon, Macarius the Elder, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambrosius Of Optina
Saint Ambrose of Optina (russian: link=no, Амвросий Оптинский; birth name: Aleksander Mikhaylovich Grenkov, russian: link=no, Александр Михайлович Гренков, December 5, 1812, Bolshaya Lipovitsa settlement, Tambov guberniya – October 23, 1891) was a ''starets'' and a hieroschemamonk in Optina Monastery, canonized in the 1988 convention of the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church. Biography Aleksandr was born in the family of sexton Mikhail Fyodorovich Grenkov and Marfa Nikolayevna Grenkova. He was the sixth of eight children. At the age of 12 Aleksandr entered the Tambov clerical school and later the Tambov theological seminary. In 1835, shortly before the graduation, Aleksandr became severely ill and made a vow if he got well to become a monk. He recovered but delayed his decision and became a private teacher in a family of a landlord and later in the Lipetsk clerical school. During summer vacation, Aleksandr met a well-known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theophan The Recluse
Theophan the Recluse, also known as Theophan Zatvornik or Theophanes the Recluse (Russian: Святитель Феофан Затворник Вышенский, епископ Тамбовский; January 10, 1815 – January 6, 1894), is a well-known saint in the Russian Orthodox Church. Early life Theophan the Recluse, also known as Theophan Zatvornik or Theophanes the Recluse or (in the Library of Congress Name Authority File, and therefore in many library catalogs) as "Ḟeofan, Saint, Bishop of Tambov and Shatsk, 1815–1894", was born on January 10, 1815, as Georgy Vasilievich Govorov (), in the village of Chernavsk, in the Oryol Governorate of the Russian Empire. His father was a Russian Orthodox priest. He was educated in the seminaries at Livny, Oryol and Kyiv. Career In 1841 he was ordained, became a monk, and adopted the name Theophan. He later became the Bishop of Tambov. He is especially well-known today through the many books he wrote concerning the spiritual li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basil The Great
Basil of Caesarea, also called Saint Basil the Great ( grc, Ἅγιος Βασίλειος ὁ Μέγας, ''Hágios Basíleios ho Mégas''; cop, Ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ Ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲟⲥ; 330 – January 1 or 2, 379), was a bishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). He was an influential theologian who supported the Nicene Creed and opposed the heresies of the early Christian church, fighting against both Arianism and the followers of Apollinaris of Laodicea. His ability to balance his theological convictions with his political connections made Basil a powerful advocate for the Nicene position. In addition to his work as a theologian, Basil was known for his care of the poor and underprivileged. Basil established guidelines for monastic life which focus on community life, liturgical prayer, and manual labor. Together with Pachomius, he is remembered as a father of communal monasticism in Eastern Christianity. He is considered a saint by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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