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Pleached
Pleaching or plashing is a technique of interweaving living and dead branches through a hedge creating a fence, hedge or lattices. Trees are planted in lines, and the branches are woven together to strengthen and fill any weak spots until the hedge thickens. Branches in close contact may grow together, due to a natural phenomenon called inosculation, a natural graft. Pleach also means weaving of thin, whippy stems of trees to form a basketry effect. History Pleaching or plashing (an early synonym) was common in gardens from late medieval times to the early eighteenth century, to create shaded paths, or to create a living fence out of trees or shrubs. Commonly deciduous trees were used by planting them in lines. The canopy was pruned into flat planes with the lower branches removed leaving the stems below clear. This craft had been developed by European farmers who used it to make their hedge rows more secure. Julius Caesar (circa 60 B.C.) states that the Gallic tribe of Nervii ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedging Competition (3) - Geograph
A hedge is a line of closely spaced shrubs planted to act as a barrier or boundary. Hedge or Hedges may also refer to: Places * Hedges, California, a former mining town in Imperial County, California, United States * Hedging, Somerset, a location in England * Hedges, Washington, unincorporated community in Benton County, Washington, United States * The Hedges, a historic building in New York state People and fictional characters * Hedge (surname), a surname (including a list of people and fictional characters) * Hedges (surname), a surname (including a list of people and fictional characters) * Hedge Thompson (1780–1828), American politician from New Jersey * Hedges Eyre Chatterton (1819-1910), Irish politician * Hedges Worthington-Eyre (1899–1979), British sprinter * Hedge (character), a fictional character in the ''Old Kingdom'' series of novels Other uses * Hedge (finance), an investment made to limit loss ** Hedge fund, a type of investment fund * Hedge (lingui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hornbeam
Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The 30–40 species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Origin of names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives from the hardness of the woods (likened to horn) and the Old English ''beam'' "tree" (cognate with Dutch ‘’Boom’’ and German ''Baum''). The American hornbeam is also occasionally known as blue-beech, ironwood, or musclewood, the first from the resemblance of the bark to that of the American beech ''Fagus grandifolia'', the other two from the hardness of the wood and the muscled appearance of the trunk and limbs. The botanical name for the genus, ''Carpinus'', is the original Latin name for the European species, although some etymologists derive it from the Celtic for a yoke. Taxonomy Formerly some taxonomists segregated them with the genera ''Corylus'' ( hazels) and ''Ostrya'' (hop-hornbeams) in a separate family, Coryl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espalier
Espalier ( or ) is the horticultural and ancient agricultural practice of controlling woody plant growth for the production of fruit, by pruning and tying branches to a frame. Plants are frequently shaped in formal patterns, flat against a structure such as a wall, fence, or trellis, and also plants which have been shaped in this way. Espaliers, trained into flat two-dimensional forms, are used not only for decorative purposes, but also for gardens in which space is limited. In a temperate climate, espaliers may be trained next to a wall that can reflect more sunlight and retain heat overnight or orientated so that they absorb maximum sunlight by training them parallel to the equator. These two strategies allow the season to be extended so that fruit has more time to mature. A restricted form of training consists of a central stem and a number of paired horizontal branches all trained in the same plane. The most important advantage is that of being able to increase the growth of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topiary
Topiary is the horticultural practice of training perennial plants by clipping the foliage and twigs of trees, shrubs and subshrubs to develop and maintain clearly defined shapes, whether geometric or fanciful. The term also refers to plants which have been shaped in this way. As an art form it is a type of living sculpture. The word derives from the Latin word for an ornamental landscape gardener, ''topiarius'', a creator of ''topia'' or "places", a Greek word that Romans also applied to fictive indoor landscapes executed in fresco. The plants used in topiary are evergreen, mostly woody, have small leaves or needles, produce dense foliage, and have compact and/or columnar (e.g., fastigiate) growth habits. Common species chosen for topiary include cultivars of European box (''Buxus sempervirens''), arborvitae (''Thuja'' species), bay laurel (''Laurus nobilis''), holly (''Ilex'' species), myrtle (''Eugenia'' or '' Myrtus'' species), yew (''Taxus'' species), and privet (''Ligu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fab Tree Hab
The Fab Tree Hab is a hypothetical ecological home design developed at MIT by Mitchell Joachim, Javier Arbona and Lara Greden. With the idea of easing the burden humanity places on the environment with conventional housing by growing "living, breathing" tree homes. It would be built by allowing native trees to grow over a computer-designed (CNC) removable plywood scaffold. Once the plants are interconnected and stable, the plywood would be removed and reused. MIT is experimenting with trees that grow quickly and develop an interwoven root structure that's soft enough to "train" over the scaffold, but then hardens into a more durable structure. The inside walls would be conventional clay and plaster. An old methodology new to buildings is introduced in this design: pleaching. Pleaching is a method of weaving together tree branches to form living archways, lattices, or screens. The technique is also named " aeroponic culture". The load-bearing part of the structure uses trees th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axel Erlandson
Axel Erlandson (December 15, 1884 – April 28, 1964) was a Swedish American farmer who shaped trees as a hobby, and opened a horticultural attraction in 1947 called "The Tree Circus", advertised with the slogan "See the World's Strangest Trees Here". The trees appeared in the column of Robert ''Ripley's Believe It or Not!'' twelve times. Erlandson sold his attraction shortly before his death. The trees were moved to Gilroy Gardens in 1985. Biography Erlandson was born in 1884, in Halland, Sweden, to Alfred Erlandson (1850–1915) and Kristina Larsson (1844–1922). He had two older brothers, Ludwig (1879–1957) and Anthon (1881–1970), and one younger sister, Emma Swanson (1886–1969). The family emigrated to the United States in early 1886, settling in New Folden Township, Marshall County, Minnesota, where his father farmed and built barns, homes, and churches. His family also ran a limestone kiln, producing quicklime for mortar, plaster, and whitewash. Limestone rock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Reames
Richard C. Reames (born September 20, 1957) is an American artist, arborsculptor, nurseryman, writer, and public speaker. He lives and works in Williams, Oregon. He sometimes teaches at the John C. Campbell Folk School. Reames coined the word "arborsculpture" to describe the art of shaping living tree trunks and woody plants into sculptural forms, furniture and shelters. His writing and artistic practice are grounded in ecological principles of living in harmony with nature and with creating living structures from trees. He has written two books on arborsculpture and tree shaping. Reames' work has been exhibited at the World Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan. Biography Richard Reames was born in 1957. He grew up near Santa Cruz, California, which is within 10 miles of Axel Erlandson’s famed "Circus Trees," known at that time as ''The Lost World,'' a mid-century roadside attraction. Reames's mother showed him the value of working with nature including vegetable gardening. Reames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tree Shaping
Tree shaping (also known by several other alternative names) uses living trees and other woody plants as the medium to create structures and art. There are a few different methods used by the various artists to shape their trees, which share a common heritage with other artistic horticultural and agricultural practices, such as pleaching, bonsai, espalier, and topiary, and employing some similar techniques. Most artists use grafting to deliberately induce the inosculation of living trunks, branches, and roots, into artistic designs or functional structures. Tree shaping has been practiced for at least several hundred years, as demonstrated by the living root bridges built and maintained by the Khasi people of India. Early 20th century practitioners and artisans included banker John Krubsack, Axel Erlandson with his famous circus trees, and landscape engineer Arthur Wiechula. Several contemporary designers also produce tree shaping projects. History Some species of tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Studley Royal
Studley Royal Park including the ruins of Fountains Abbey is a designated World Heritage Site in North Yorkshire, England. The site, which has an area of features an 18th-century landscaped garden, some of the largest Cistercian ruins in Europe, ruins of a Jacobean mansion and a Victorian church designed by William Burges. It was developed around the house, destroyed in a fire in 1946, and eventually came to include the ruins of the Cistercian Fountains Abbey. History Fountains Abbey and Hall Fountains Abbey was founded in 1132 by Benedictine monks who left St Mary's Abbey, York to follow the Cistercian order. After the dissolution of the monasteries in 1539 by Henry VIII, the Abbey buildings and over of land were sold by the Crown to Sir Richard Gresham, a merchant. The property was passed down through several generations of Sir Richard's family, then sold to Stephen Proctor who built Fountains Hall probably between 1598 and 1604. The hall is a Jacobean mansion, built pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Le Nôtre
André Le Nôtre (; 12 March 1613 – 15 September 1700), originally rendered as André Le Nostre, was a French landscape architect and the principal gardener of King Louis XIV of France. He was the landscape architect who designed the gardens of the Palace of Versailles; his work represents the height of the French formal garden style, or ''jardin à la française''. Prior to working on Versailles, Le Nôtre collaborated with Louis Le Vau and Charles Le Brun on the park at Vaux-le-Vicomte. His other works include the design of gardens and parks at Chantilly, Fontainebleau, Saint-Cloud and Saint-Germain. His contribution to planning was also significant: at the Tuileries he extended the westward vista, which later became the avenue of the Champs-Élysées and comprise the ''Axe historique''. Biography Early life André Le Nôtre was born in Paris, into a family of gardeners. Pierre Le Nôtre, who was in charge of the gardens of the Palais des Tuileries in 1572, may have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubens House
The Rubenshuis () is the former home and workshop of Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640) in Antwerp. Purchased in 1610, Rubens had the Flemish townhouse renovated and extended on the basis of designs by Rubens himself. After the renovations, the house and its courtyard garden had the outlook of an Italian ''palazzo'', which reflected the artistic ideals of Rubens. The ensemble is now a museum dedicated mainly to the work of Rubens and his contemporaries. Rubens's house during his lifetime A year after marrying Isabella Brant in 1609, Rubens began construction of an Italian-style villa on the then-Vaartstraat (now the Wapper, 9–11), at the time located at the banks of the Herentalse Vaart canal. Rubens designed the building himself, based on studies of Italian Renaissance palace architecture that also formed the basis of his ''Palazzi di Genova''. The layout included his home, studio, a monumental portico and an interior courtyard. The courtyard opens into a Baroque garden that h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kew Palace
Kew Palace is a British royal palace within the grounds of Kew Gardens on the banks of the River Thames. Originally a large complex, few elements of it survive. Dating to 1631 but built atop the undercroft of an earlier building, the main survivor is known as the Dutch House. Its royal occupation lasted from around 1728 until 1818, with a final short-lived occupation in 1844. The Dutch House is Grade I listed, and open to visitors. It is cared for by an independent charity, Historic Royal Palaces, which receives no funding from the government or the Crown. Alongside the Dutch House is a part of its 18th-century service wing, whilst nearby are a former housekeeper's cottage, brewhouse and kitchen block – most of these buildings are private, though the kitchens are open to the public. These kitchens and Queen Charlotte's Cottage are also run by Historic Royal Palaces. History Fortreys and Capels Beneath the Dutch House is the undercroft of a 16th-century building. This was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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