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Phenylethanoid
Phenylethanoids are a type of phenolic compounds characterized by a phenethyl alcohol structure. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol are examples of such compounds. Glycosides The red deadnettle (''Lamium purpureum'') contains phenylethanoid glycosides named lamiusides A, B, C, D and E. The aerial parts of '' Stachys officinalis'' contain phenylethanoid glycosides, ( betonyosides A, B, C, D, E and F). Chemical investigation of methanol extracts from '' Pithecoctenium crucigerum'' (Bignoniaceae) showed the presence of five phenylethanoid glycosides ( verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these all active against DPPH DPPH is a common abbreviation for the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. It is a dark-colored crystalline powder composed of stable free radical molecules. DPPH has two major applications, both in laboratory research: one is .... Verbascoside and echinacoside are phenylethanoid and phenylpro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verbascoside
Verbascoside is a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside in which the phenylpropanoid caffeic acid and the phenylethanoid hydroxytyrosol form an ester and an ether bond respectively, to the rhamnose part of a disaccharide, namely β-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-(4-O-caffeoyl)-glucopyranoside. Occurrences Natural occurrences Verbascoside can be found in species in all the families of the order Lamiales (syn. Scrophulariales). Only two examples are known from outside the order, in the clade Asterids. ; in the Lamiales In the family Lamiaceae, it can be found in the medicinal plants in the genus '' Phlomis'', in the Scrophulariaceae, in '' Verbascum phlomoides'', '' Verbascum mallophorum'', or, in the family Buddlejaceae, in '' Buddleja globosa'' or '' Buddleja cordata'', in the family Bignoniaceae, in '' Pithecoctenium sp'' and '' Tynanthus panurensis'', in the family Orobanchaceae, in '' Cistanche sp'' and '' Orobanche rapum-genistae'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verbascoside
Verbascoside is a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside in which the phenylpropanoid caffeic acid and the phenylethanoid hydroxytyrosol form an ester and an ether bond respectively, to the rhamnose part of a disaccharide, namely β-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-(4-O-caffeoyl)-glucopyranoside. Occurrences Natural occurrences Verbascoside can be found in species in all the families of the order Lamiales (syn. Scrophulariales). Only two examples are known from outside the order, in the clade Asterids. ; in the Lamiales In the family Lamiaceae, it can be found in the medicinal plants in the genus '' Phlomis'', in the Scrophulariaceae, in '' Verbascum phlomoides'', '' Verbascum mallophorum'', or, in the family Buddlejaceae, in '' Buddleja globosa'' or '' Buddleja cordata'', in the family Bignoniaceae, in '' Pithecoctenium sp'' and '' Tynanthus panurensis'', in the family Orobanchaceae, in '' Cistanche sp'' and '' Orobanche rapum-genistae'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamium Purpureum
''Lamium purpureum'', known as red dead-nettle, purple dead-nettle, or purple archangel, is an annual herbaceous flowering plant native to Europe and Asia. Varieties: * ''Lamium purpureum'' var. ''hybridum'' (Vill.) Vill. (synonym: ''Lamium hybridum'' Vill.) Description ''Lamium purpureum'' grows with square stems to 5–20 cm Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. ''Webb's An Irish Flora.'' Cork University Press. (rarely 30 cm) in height. The leaves have fine hairs, are green at the bottom and shade to purplish at the top; they are 2–4 cm long and broad, with a 1–2 cm petiole (leaf stalk), and wavy to serrated margins. The zygomorphic flowers are bright red-purple, with a top hood-like petal, two lower lip petal lobes and minute fang-like lobes between. The corolla shows a line of hairs near the base of the tube. They may be produced throughout the year, including mild weather in winter. This allows bees to gather its nectar for food when few other nectar sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrosol
Tyrosol is an organic compound with the formula . Classified as a phenylethanoid, i.e. a derivative of phenethyl alcohol, It is found in a variety of natural sources. The compound is colorless solid. The principal source in the human diet is olive oil. Research As an antioxidant, tyrosol may protect cells against injury due to oxidation ''in vitro''. Although it is not as potent as other antioxidants present in olive oil (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), its higher concentration and good bioavailability indicate that it may have an important overall effect. Tyrosol may also be cardioprotective. Trosol-treated animals showed significant increase in the phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS and FOXO3a. In addition, tyrosol also induced the expression of the protein SIRT1 in the heart after myocardial infarction in a rat MI model. Tyrosol forms esters with a variety of organic acids. See also * tyrosinol, * hydroxytyrosol Hydroxytyrosol is an organic compound with the formula . Classified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxytyrosol
Hydroxytyrosol is an organic compound with the formula . Classified as a phenylethanoid, i.e. a relative of phenethyl alcohol, Its derivatives are found in a variety of natural sources, notably olive oils and wines. The compound is colorless solid. although commercial samples are often beige. It is a derivative, formally speaking, of catechol. It or its derivatives occurs in olives and in wines Occurrence Olives left, Oleuropein, a bitter component found in green olive skin, is an ester of hydroxytyrosol.">olive.html" ;"title="Oleuropein, a bitter component found in green olive">Oleuropein, a bitter component found in green olive skin, is an ester of hydroxytyrosol. The olives, leaves, and olive pulp contain large amounts of hydroxytyrosol derivative Oleuropein, more so than olive oil). Unprocessed, green (unripe) olives, contain between 4.3 and 116 mg of hydroxytyrosol per 100g of olives, while unprocessed, black (ripe) olives contain up to 413.3 mg per 100g. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stachys Officinalis
''Betonica officinalis'' (syn. ''Stachys officinalis''), commonly known as common hedgenettle, betony, purple betony, wood betony, bishopwort, or bishop's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa. Pliny (25, 8, 46, § 84) calls the plant both ''betonica'' and ''vettonica'', claiming that the Vettones used it as a herbal medicine. It is commonly known as ''Stachys officinalis'', the word ''stachys'' coming from the Greek, meaning "an ear of grain," and refers to the fact that the inflorescence is often a spike. The Latin specific epithet ''officinalis'' refers to plants which had a culinary or medicinal use. Description ''Betonica officinalis'' is a rhizotomous, patch-forming, grassland herbaceous perennial growing to tall. Its leaves are stalked on upright stems, narrowly oval, with a heart-shaped base, with a somewhat wrinkled texture and toothed margins. The calyx is 5–7 mm long, with 5 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pithecoctenium Crucigerum
''Amphilophium crucigerum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae, native from Mexico through Central America into South America as far south as Argentina. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus (as ''Bignonia crucigera'') in 1753. The synonym ''Pithecoctenium crucigerum'' has often been used. The species has become an invasive weed in Australia. Chemical investigation of methanol extracted from this species yielded the iridoid glycoside theviridoside along with five phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these last all active against DPPH DPPH is a common abbreviation for the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. It is a dark-colored crystalline powder composed of stable free radical molecules. DPPH has two major applications, both in laboratory research: one is .... References Bignoniaceae Flora of Mexico Flora of Central America Flora of South Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DPPH
DPPH is a common abbreviation for the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. It is a dark-colored crystalline powder composed of stable free radical molecules. DPPH has two major applications, both in laboratory research: one is a monitor of chemical reactions involving radicals, most notably it is a common antioxidant assay, and another is a standard of the position and intensity of electron paramagnetic resonance signals. Properties and applications DPPH has several crystalline forms which differ by the lattice symmetry and melting point. The commercial powder is a mixture of phases which melts at ~130 °C. DPPH-I (m.p. 106 °C) is orthorhombic, DPPH-II (m.p. 137 °C) is amorphous and DPPH-III (m.p. 128–129 °C) is triclinic. DPPH is a well-known radical and a trap ("scavenger") for other radicals. Therefore, rate reduction of a chemical reaction upon addition of DPPH is used as an indicator of the radical nature of that r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forsythoside B
Forsythoside B is a natural product from the phenylpropanoid glycoside group, which is found in a number of plant species such as '' Marrubium alysson'', ''Phlomis armeniaca'', '' Scutellaria salviifolia'', ''Phlomoides tuberosa'', ''Phlomoides rotata'', '' Pedicularis longiflora'' and ''Teucrium chamaedrys'', several of which are used in Chinese traditional medicine in preparations such as Shuanghuanglian (双黄连). It acts as an inhibitor of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and NF-κB, as well as the temperature sensitive channel TRPV3, but also activates the RhoA Transforming protein RhoA, also known as Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), is a small GTPase protein in the Rho family of GTPases that in humans is encoded by the ''RHOA'' gene. While the effects of RhoA activity are not all well known, it is .../ ROCK signaling pathway which can cause hypersensitivity reactions when it is injected intravenously. See also * Xiyanping References {{Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
