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Ough (orthography)
''Ough'' is a four-letter sequence, a tetragraph, used in English orthography and notorious for its unpredictable pronunciation.Adam Brown, ''Understanding and Teaching English Spelling: A Strategic Guide'', 2018, , p. 214 It has at least eight pronunciations in North American English and nine in British English, and no discernible patterns exist for choosing among them. History In Middle English, ''ough'' was regularly pronounced with a back rounded vowel and a velar fricative (e.g., , , or ). Most common pronunciations * as in ''though'' (cf. ''so''). * as in ''through'' (cf. ''true''). * as in ''tough'' (cf. ''stuff''). * or as in ''cough'' (cf. ''off''). * as in ''thought'' (cf. ''saw''). * as in ''plough'' (cf. '' how'') List of pronunciations ''Slough'' has three pronunciations, depending on its meaning: * (for the noun meaning a skin shed by an animal, and for the verb derived from it) * (for the noun meaning a muddy area, and for the verb derived from it. Also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetragraph
A tetragraph (from the el, τετρα-, ''tetra-'', "four" and γράφω, ''gráphō'', "write") is a sequence of four letters used to represent a single sound (phoneme), or a combination of sounds, that do not necessarily correspond to the individual values of the letters. In German, for example, the tetragraph ''tsch'' represents the sound of the English digraph ''ch''. English does not have tetragraphs in native words (the closest is perhaps the sequence '' -ough'' in words like ''through''), but ''chth'' is a true tetragraph when found initially in words of Greek origin such as ''chthonian.'' Phonemes spelled with multiple characters often indicate that either the phoneme or the script is alien to the language. For example, the Cyrillic alphabets adapted to the Caucasian languages, which are phonologically very different from Russian, make extensive use of digraphs, trigraphs, and even a tetragraph in Kabardian ''кхъу'' for . The Romanized Popular Alphabet created for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognate (linguistics)
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words in different languages that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language. Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and often it takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate or not. Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language. The term ''cognate'' derives from the Latin noun '' cognatus blood relative'. Characteristics Cognates need not have the same meaning, which may have changed as the languages developed independently. For example English '' starve'' and Dutch '' sterven'' 'to die' or German '' sterben'' 'to die' all descend from the same Proto-Germanic verb, '' *sterbaną'' 'to die'. Cognates also do not need to look or sound simila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Guardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, the paper's main news ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Battell Loomis
Charles Battell Loomis (1861–1911) was an American author. Biography Loomis was born in Brooklyn, New York, and educated at the Polytechnic Institute An institute of technology (also referred to as: technological university, technical university, university of technology, technological educational institute, technical college, polytechnic university or just polytechnic) is an institution of te ... there. He was in business from 1879 to 1891, but he gave it up to devote himself to the writing of magazine sketches and books much appreciated for their humor. Works * ''Just Rhymes'' (1899) * ''The Four-Masted Cat-Boat'' (1899) * ''Yankee Enchantments'' (1900) * ''A Partnership in Magic'' (1903) * ''Cheerful Americans'' (1903) * ''Araminta and the Automobile'' (1903) * ''More Cheerful Americans'' (1904) * ''I've Been Thinking'' (1905) * ''Minerva's Manœuvres'' (1905) * ''Cheer Up!'' (1906) * ''A Bath in an English Tub'' (1907) * ''Poe's "Raven" in an Elevator'' (1907) (the third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punch (magazine)
''Punch, or The London Charivari'' was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 1850s, when it helped to coin the term " cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. From 1850, John Tenniel was the chief cartoon artist at the magazine for over 50 years. After the 1940s, when its circulation peaked, it went into a long decline, closing in 1992. It was revived in 1996, but closed again in 2002. History ''Punch'' was founded on 17 July 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells, on an initial investment of £25. It was jointly edited by Mayhew and Mark Lemon. It was subtitled ''The London Charivari'' in homage to Charles Philipon's French satirical humour magazine ''Le Charivari''. Reflecting their satiric and humorous intent, the two editors took for their name and masthead the anarchic glove puppet, Mr. Punch, of Punc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broughton, Milton Keynes
Broughton (, ) is a historic village, modern district and civil parish in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. , it is governed by Broughton and Milton Keynes Joint Parish Council, which it shares with the neighboring Milton Keynes parish. Today, Broughton is a large district of (greater) Milton Keynes that has been developed around the original village and that grew substantially during the 2000s and 2010s. History and location The name is Old English and meant 'brook farm'. In the Domesday Book, it is listed as owned by a Walter Giffard and the tenant was a Hugh de Bolbec. In the 6th century, its name was spelt ''Brotone''. The original Northampton to London turnpike came through the village (to join Watling Street A5 road] near Woburn, Bedfordshire, Woburn). The Milton Keynes grid road system, Milton Keynes grid road, Child's Way (H6), forms the district's northern boundary while Tongwell Street (V11) provides its western, and the M1 motorway provides its eastern (wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loughton, Milton Keynes
Loughton () is an ancient village and modern district in the civil parish of Loughton and Great Holm in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. The village spreads between Watling Street and the modern A5 road, to the west of, and about 1 mile from, Central Milton Keynes. Historic Loughton The village name is an Old English language word, and means 'Luhha's estate'. In the Domesday Book of 1086 the village was recorded as ''Lochintone''.'Parishes : Loughton' , A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 4 (1927), pp. 395–401. Date accessed: 14 September 2010 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Woughton
Old Woughton ( ) is a district and civil parish in south central Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. The parish was established in April 2012 by the division into two parts of Woughton parish. The original (undivided) civil parish was itself originally called "Woughton on the Green". Creation of the parish The parish was created following a campaign by residents of Woughton parish who petitioned Milton Keynes Borough Council in 2010. The Council originally rejected the proposals, however it agreed to instigate a further review. The proposal was reconsidered by Milton Keynes Council in November 2011 who decided to split the Woughton parish into two and establish a new parish from April 2012 The new parish was given the temporary name of 'Ouzel Valley' and elections to the parish council were held in May 2012. At the first meeting of the nine-member parish council on 9 May 2012 the name of Old Woughton Parish was adopted. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milton Keynes
Milton Keynes ( ) is a city and the largest settlement in Buckinghamshire, England, about north-west of London. At the 2021 Census, the population of its urban area was over . The River Great Ouse forms its northern boundary; a tributary, the River Ouzel, meanders through its linear parks and balancing lakes. Approximately 25% of the urban area is parkland or woodland and includes two Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs). In the 1960s, the UK government decided that a further generation of new towns in the South East of England was needed to relieve housing congestion in London. This new town (in planning documents, 'new city'), Milton Keynes, was to be the biggest yet, with a target population of 250,000 and a 'designated area' of about . At designation, its area incorporated the existing towns of Bletchley, Fenny Stratford, Wolverton and Stony Stratford, along with another fifteen villages and farmland in between. These settlements had an extensive historical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loughborough
Loughborough ( ) is a market town in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England, the seat of Charnwood Borough Council and Loughborough University. At the 2011 census the town's built-up area had a population of 59,932 , the second largest in the county after Leicester. It is close to the Nottinghamshire border and short distances from Leicester, Nottingham, East Midlands Airport and Derby. It has the world's largest bell foundry, John Taylor Bellfounders, which made bells for the Carillon War Memorial, a landmark in the Queens Park in the town, of Great Paul for St Paul's Cathedral, and for York Minster. History Medieval The earliest reference to Loughborough occurs in the Domesday Book of 1086, which calls it ''Lucteburne''. It appears as ''Lucteburga'' in a charter from the reign of Henry II, and as ''Luchteburc'' in the Pipe Rolls of 1186. The name is of Old English origin and means "Luhhede's ''burh'' or fortified place". Industrialisation The first sign of in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayscough
Ainscough is an Old Norse, Scandinavian surname,. also spelled Ayscough, Aiskew, Askew, Ascough and Aynscough. Origins and variants It is thought that the name is derived from the Norse words "ask skog", although other sources suggest that Aiskew is a corruption of the words "Eiki Skogr" translating to Oak Wood. An alternative Swedish translation for the name "enskog" is "juniper forest". The "en" part of the word meaning juniper, "skog" meaning wood or forest. Today the name is pronounced . Other suggestions indicate that the name Ainscough is of French origin. When William the Conqueror invaded England, he brought his army of knights. These knights from Normandy were given land for their effort during the invasion and were placed as his head of government in each Shire. Wikipedia has information about a plaque placed in Normandy Cathedral before leaving for England. This plaque has a list of knights. There are two knights listed as " Ansgot" which would have been the French spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
