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Notoginseng
''Panax notoginseng'' is a species of the genus ''Panax'', and it is commonly referred to in English as Chinese ginseng * or notoginseng. In Chinese it is called ''tiánqī'' (), tienchi ginseng, ''sānqī'' () or ''sanchi'', three-seven root, and mountain plant. ''P. notoginseng'' belongs to the same scientific genus as ''Panax ginseng''. In Latin, the word ''panax'' means "cure-all", and the family of ginseng plants is one of the best-known herbs. ''P. notoginseng'' grows naturally in China. The herb is a perennial with dark green leaves branching from a stem with a red cluster of berries in the middle. It is both cultivated and gathered from wild forests, with wild plants being the most valuable. The Chinese refer to it as three-seven root because the plant has three petioles with seven leaflets each. It is also said that the root should be harvested between three and seven years after planting it. Chinese medicine In traditional Chinese medicine, ''P. notoginseng'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginseng
Ginseng () is the root of plants in the genus ''Panax'', such as Korean ginseng ('' P. ginseng''), South China ginseng ('' P. notoginseng''), and American ginseng ('' P. quinquefolius''), typically characterized by the presence of ginsenosides and gintonin. Ginseng is most commonly used in the cuisines and medicines of China and Korea. Although ginseng has been used in traditional medicine over centuries, modern clinical research is inconclusive about its medical effectiveness. There is no substantial evidence that ginseng is effective for treating any medical condition, and in the United States, for example, its use has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a prescription drug. Although ginseng is commonly sold as a dietary supplement, inconsistent manufacturing practices for supplements have led to analyses showing that ginseng products may be contaminated with toxic metals or unrelated filler compounds, and its excessive use may have adverse effec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Ginseng
''Panax ginseng'', ginseng, also known as Asian ginseng, Chinese ginseng, or Korean ginseng, is a species of plant whose root is the original source of ginseng. It is a perennial plant that grows in the mountains of East Asia. Names ''Panax ginseng'' is called ''Rénshēn'' ( or or ; ) in Chinese, ''Insam'' (인삼; 人蔘) in Korean and ''Ninjin'' () in Japanese. Description ''Panax ginseng'' is a herbaceous perennial growing from 30 to 60 cm tall. Plants have a spindle or cylinder-shaped taproot usually with 1 or 2 main branches. Plants produce 3 to 6 leaves that are palmately compound with each leaf having 3 to 5 leaflets. The margins of the Leaflets are densely serrulate. The flowers are born in a solitary inflorescence that is a terminal umbel with 30 to 50 flowers. The peduncles of the flowers are 15 to 30 cm long. The flower ovary is 2-carpellate and each carpel has two distinct styles. Mature fruits are 4-5 x 6-7 millimeters in size, red in color, and round with fla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Pseudoginseng
''Panax pseudoginseng'' is a species of the genus ''Panax''. Common names include Pseudoginseng, Nepal ginseng and Himalayan ginseng. Pseudoginseng belongs to the same scientific genus as ginseng. In Latin, the word ''panax'' means "cure-all", and the family of ginseng plants is one of the best-known herbs. See also * ''Panax notoginseng'' References {{DEFAULTSORT:Panax pseudoginseng Panax, pseudoginseng Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax
The ''Panax'' (ginseng) genus belongs to the ''Araliaceae'' (ivy) family. ''Panax'' species are characterized by the presence of ginsenosides and gintonin. ''Panax'' is one of approximately 60 plant genera with a classical disjunct east Asian and east North American distribution. Furthermore, this disjunct distribution is asymmetric as only two of the ~18 species in genus are native to North America. Etymology The name ''Panax'', meaning "all-healing" in Greek, shares the same origin as "panacea" and was used for this genus because Carl Linnaeus was aware of its wide use in Chinese medicine. ''Panax'' species Genus ''Panax'' :Subgenus ''Panax'' ::Section ''Panax'' :::Series ''Notoginseng'' ::::''Panax notoginseng'' (Burkill) F.H.Chen (known as ''san qi'', ''tian qi'' or ''tien chi'') :::Series ''Panax'' ::::''Panax assamicus'' (Assam Ginseng) ::::''Panax bipinnatifidus'' Seem. :::::var. ''angustifolius'' (Burkill) J.Wen ::::''Panax ginseng'' C.A.Mey. (Asian ginseng, Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginsenoside Rb1
Ginsenoside Rb1 (or Ginsenoside Rb1 or GRb1 or GRb1) is a chemical compound belonging to the ginsenoside family. Like other ginsenosides, it is found in the plant genus ''Panax'' (ginseng), and has a variety of potential health effects including anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, antiallergic, antiatherosclerotic, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic effects as well as antistress activity and effects on the central nervous system. Pharmacological effects A 1998 study by Seoul National University reported that GRb1 and GRg3 (ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3) significantly attenuated glutamate-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting the overproduction of nitric oxide synthase among some other findings regarding their neuroprotective properties. In 2002, the Laboratory for Cancer Research in Rutgers University showed that GRb1 and GRg1 have neuroprotective effect for spinal cord neurons, while ginsenoside Re did not exhibit any activity. GRb1 and GRg1 are proposed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protopanaxatriol
Protopanaxatriol (PPT) is an organic compound characterizing a group of ginsenosides. It is a dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpene sapogenins found in ginseng (''Panax ginseng'') and in notoginseng (''Panax pseudoginseng''). See also * Panaxatriol * Protopanaxadiol Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an organic compound characterizing a group of ginsenosides. It is a dammarane-type tetracyclic terpene sapogenin found in ginseng (''Panax ginseng'') and in notoginseng (''Panax pseudoginseng''). Just what protopanaxadi ... References {{alcohol-stub Triterpenes Tetrols Steroids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protopanaxadiol
Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an organic compound characterizing a group of ginsenosides. It is a dammarane-type tetracyclic terpene sapogenin found in ginseng (''Panax ginseng'') and in notoginseng (''Panax pseudoginseng''). Just what protopanaxadiol's metabolites do inside the human body is still unclear. One study suggests it has rapid, non-genomic effects on endothelial cells, binding to the glucocorticoid and oestrogen beta receptors. The study also showed an increase of intracellular calcium ion concentration. See also * Protopanaxatriol Protopanaxatriol (PPT) is an organic compound characterizing a group of ginsenosides. It is a dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpene sapogenins found in ginseng (''Panax ginseng'') and in notoginseng (''Panax pseudoginseng''). See also * Panaxatr ... References Triterpenes Triols Steroids {{alcohol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginsenosides
Ginsenosides or panaxosides are a class of natural product steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins. Compounds in this family are found almost exclusively in the plant genus ''Panax'' (ginseng), which has a long history of use in traditional medicine that has led to the study of pharmacological effects of ginseng compounds. As a class, ginsenosides exhibit a large variety of subtle and difficult-to-characterize biological effects when studied in isolation. Ginsenosides can be isolated from various parts of the plant, though typically from the roots, and can be purified by column chromatography. The chemical profiles of ''Panax'' species are distinct; although Asian ginseng, ''Panax ginseng'', has been most widely studied due to its use in traditional Chinese medicine, there are ginsenosides unique to American ginseng (''Panax quinquefolius'') and Japanese ginseng (''Panax japonicus''). Ginsenoside content also varies significantly due to environmental effects. Classification G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dammarane
Dammarane is a tetracyclic triterpene found in sapogenins (forming triterpenoid saponins) like those of ginseng (ginsenosides: panaxatriol and protopanaxadiol). Compounds of the series were first isolated from and named after dammar resin, a natural resin from tropical trees of the Dipterocarp family. Mills J.S. (1956) "The Constitution of the Neutral, Tetracyclic Triterpenes of Dammar Resin" ''Journal of the Chemical Society'' 2196-2202 References External links Numbering of dammarane according to IUPAC Recommendations Steroids Triterpenes {{steroid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decoction
Decoction is a method of extraction by boiling herbal or plant material (which may include stems, roots, bark and rhizomes) to dissolve the chemicals of the material. It is the most common preparation method in various herbal-medicine systems. Decoction involves first drying the plant material; then mashing, slicing, or cutting the material to allow for maximum dissolution; and finally boiling in water to extract oils, volatile organic compounds and other various chemical substances. Occasionally, aqueous ethanol or glycerol may be used instead of water. Decoction can be used to make tisanes, tinctures and similar solutions. Decoctions and infusions may produce liquids with differing chemical properties, as the temperature or preparation difference may result in more oil-soluble chemicals in decoctions versus infusions. The process can also be applied to meats and vegetables to prepare bouillon or stock, though the term is typically only used to describe boiled plant extracts, usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
