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Metric Modulation
In music, metric modulation is a change in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping ( subdivision) which is derived from a note value or grouping heard before the change. Examples of metric modulation may include changes in time signature across an unchanging tempo, but the concept applies more specifically to shifts from one time signature/tempo (metre) to another, wherein a note value from the first is made equivalent to a note value in the second, like a pivot or bridge. The term " modulation" invokes the analogous and more familiar term in analyses of tonal harmony, wherein a pitch or pitch interval serves as a bridge between two keys. In both terms, the pivoting value functions differently before and after the change, but sounds the same, and acts as an audible common element between them. Metric modulation was first described by Richard Franko Goldman while reviewing the Cello Sonata of Elliott Carter, who prefers to call it tempo modulation. Another synonymous term is propor ...
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Metric Modulation Bach
Metric or metrical may refer to: * Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement * An adjective indicating relation to measurement in general, or a noun describing a specific type of measurement Mathematics In mathematics, metric may refer to one of two related, but distinct concepts: * A function which measures distance between two points in a metric space * A metric tensor, in differential geometry, which allows defining lengths of curves, angles, and distances in a manifold Natural sciences * Metric tensor (general relativity), the fundamental object of study in general relativity, similar to the gravitational field in Newtonian physics * Senses related to measurement: ** Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement ** Metric units, units related to a metric system ** International System of Units, or ''Système International'' (SI), the most widely used metric system * METRIC, a model that uses Landsat satellite data to ...
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A Symphony Of Three Orchestras
''A Symphony of Three Orchestras'' is an orchestra composition by the American composer Elliott Carter. The work was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic through a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts. It was composed from June through December 1976 and was first performed in New York City on February 17, 1977 by the New York Philharmonic under the conductor Pierre Boulez. The composition is dedicated to Boulez and the New York Philharmonic. Composition ''A Symphony of Three Orchestras'' has a duration of roughly 17 minutes and is composed in a single movement. The work was inspired by the beginning of Hart Crane's poem '' The Bridge'' as it describes New York Harbor and the Brooklyn Bridge. Instrumentation The work is scored for a large orchestra divided into three ensembles. The first ensemble comprises three horns, three trumpets, two trombones, bass trombone, tuba, timpani, and strings (7-8 desks of violins, 3-4 desks of violas, 2-3 desks of cellos, and ...
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Kenneth Womack
Kenneth Womack (born January 24, 1966) is an American writer, literary critic, public speaker, and music historian, particularly focusing on the cultural influence of the Beatles. He is the author of the bestselling ''Solid State: The Story of Abbey Road and the End of the Beatles'' and ''John Lennon, 1980: The Last Days in the Life''. Life and work Kenneth Womack was born in Houston, Texas, United States, and is Professor of English and Popular Music at Monmouth University. He is the author of four novels, as well as the author and editor of numerous volumes of literary and cultural criticism. Womack's multiple books devoted to the Beatles include ''Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism, and the Fab Four'' (2006; with Todd F. Davis), ''Long and Winding Roads: The Evolving Artistry of the Beatles'' (2007), '' The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles'' (2009), which was named by ''The Independent'' as the 2009 Music Book of the Year, and ''The Beatles Encycloped ...
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Cambridge Companions To Music
The Cambridge Companions to Music form a book series A book series is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their pu ... published by Cambridge University Press. Each book is a collection of essays on the topic commissioned by the publisher."Cambridge Companions to Music"
on Cambridge University Press website, accessed 21 September 2015.


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Journal Of Music Theory
The ''Journal of Music Theory'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal specializing in music theory and analysis. It was established by David Kraehenbuehl (Yale University) in 1957. According to its website, " e ''Journal of Music Theory'' fosters conceptual and technical innovations in abstract, systematic musical thought and cultivates the historical study of musical concepts and compositional techniques. The journal publishes research with important and broad applications in the analysis of music and the history of music theory as well as theoretical or metatheoretical work that engages and stimulates ongoing discourse in the field. While remaining true to its original formalist outlook, the journal also addresses the influences of philosophy, mathematics, computer science, cognitive sciences, and anthropology on music theory." The journal is currently edited by Richard Cohn. It has a long and distinguished history of past editors, including Allen Forte Allen, Allen's or Allens ...
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Nicolas Slonimsky
Nicolas Slonimsky ( – December 25, 1995), born Nikolai Leonidovich Slonimskiy (russian: Никола́й Леони́дович Сло́нимский), was a Russian-born American conductor, author, pianist, composer and lexicographer. Best known for his writing and musical reference work, he wrote the ''Thesaurus of Scales and Melodic Patterns'' and the ''Lexicon of Musical Invective'', and edited '' Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians''. His life Early life in Russia and Europe Slonimsky was born Nikolai Leonidovich Slonimskiy in Saint Petersburg. He was of Jewish origin; his grandfather was Rabbi Chaim Zelig Slonimsky. His parents adopted the Orthodox faith after the birth of his older brother, and Nicolas was baptized in the Russian Orthodox Church. His maternal aunt, Isabelle Vengerova, later a founder of Philadelphia's Curtis Institute of Music, was his first piano teacher. He grew up in the intelligentsia. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, he mo ...
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Perspectives Of New Music
''Perspectives of New Music'' (PNM) is a peer-reviewed academic journal specializing in music theory and analysis. It was established in 1962 by Arthur Berger and Benjamin Boretz (who were its initial editors-in-chief). ''Perspectives'' was first published by the Princeton University Press, initially supported by the Fromm Music Foundation.David Carson Berry, "''Journal of Music Theory'' under Allen Forte's Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006), 21, n49. The first issue was favorably reviewed in the ''Journal of Music Theory'', which observed that Berger and Boretz had produced "a first issue which sustains such a high quality of interest and cogency among its articles that one suspects the long delay preceding the yet-unborn Spring 1963 issue may reflect a scarcity of material up to their standard". However, as the journal's editorial "perspective" coalesced, Fromm became—in the words of David Gable—disenchanted with the "exclusive viewpoint hatcame to dominat ...
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Tuplet
In music, a tuplet (also irrational rhythm or groupings, artificial division or groupings, abnormal divisions, irregular rhythm, gruppetto, extra-metric groupings, or, rarely, contrametric rhythm) is "any rhythm that involves dividing the beat into a different number of equal subdivisions from that usually permitted by the time-signature (e.g., triplets, duplets, etc.)" This is indicated by a number, or sometimes two indicating the fraction involved. The notes involved are also often grouped with a bracket or (in older notation) a slur. The most common type of tuplet is the triplet. Terminology The modern term 'tuplet' comes from a rebracketing of compound words like quintu(s)-(u)plet and sextu(s)-(u)plet, and from related mathematical terms such as "tuple", "-uplet" and "-plet", which are used to form terms denoting multiplets (''Oxford English Dictionary'', entries "multiplet", "-plet, ''comb. form''", "-let, ''suffix''", and "-et, ''suffix''1"). An alternative modern term, ...
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Metric Modulation Swing
Metric or metrical may refer to: * Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement * An adjective indicating relation to measurement in general, or a noun describing a specific type of measurement Mathematics In mathematics, metric may refer to one of two related, but distinct concepts: * A function which measures distance between two points in a metric space * A metric tensor, in differential geometry, which allows defining lengths of curves, angles, and distances in a manifold Natural sciences * Metric tensor (general relativity), the fundamental object of study in general relativity, similar to the gravitational field in Newtonian physics * Senses related to measurement: ** Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement ** Metric units, units related to a metric system ** International System of Units, or ''Système International'' (SI), the most widely used metric system * METRIC, a model that uses Landsat satellite data ...
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Medúlla
''Medúlla'' is the fifth studio album by Icelandic recording artist Björk. It was released on 30 August 2004 in the United Kingdom by One Little Indian Records and in the United States by Elektra Entertainment. After the release of her electronic-influenced previous album '' Vespertine'' (2001), Björk intended to make an album almost entirely a cappella constructed with human vocals, in opposition to the previous album's intense process of composition and multiple layers of instrumentation. The album's title derives from the Latin word for "marrow". ''Medúlla'' received critical acclaim from music critics, with many calling it "unique", although others deemed it "confusing". The album was also commercially successful, reaching number one in Belgium's Wallonia, France and Iceland, whilst also peaking within the top ten in the United Kingdom. ''Medúlla'' is estimated to have sold more than a million copies worldwide, and received two nominations at the 47th Grammy Awards. Two ...
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Björk
Björk Guðmundsdóttir ( , ; born 21 November 1965), known mononymously as Björk, is an Icelandic singer, songwriter, composer, record producer, and actress. Noted for her distinct three-octave vocal range and eccentric persona, she has developed an eclectic musical style over her four-decade career that has drawn on electronic, pop, experimental, trip hop, classical, and avant-garde music. Born and raised in Reykjavík, Björk began her music career at the age of 11 and gained international recognition as the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Sugarcubes, by the age of 21. After the band's breakup in 1992, Björk embarked on a solo career, coming to prominence with albums such as ''Debut'' (1993), ''Post'' (1995), and ''Homogenic'' (1997), while collaborating with a range of artists and exploring a variety of multimedia projects. Her other albums include ''Vespertine'' (2001), ''Medúlla'' (2004), '' Volta'' (2007), '' Biophilia'' (2011), ''Vulnicura'' (2015), ...
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