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Monolith
A monolith is a geological feature consisting of a single massive stone or rock, such as some mountains. Erosion usually exposes the geological formations, which are often made of very hard and solid igneous or metamorphic rock. Some monoliths are volcanic plugs, solidified lava filling the vent of an extinct volcano. In architecture, the term has considerable overlap with megalith, which is normally used for prehistory, and may be used in the contexts of rock-cut architecture that remains attached to solid rock, as in monolithic church, or for exceptionally large stones such as obelisks, statues, monolithic columns or large architraves, that may have been moved a considerable distance after quarrying. It may also be used of large glacial erratics moved by natural forces. The word derives, via the Latin , from the Ancient Greek word (), from () meaning "one" or "single" and () meaning "stone". Geological monoliths Large, well-known monoliths include: Africa * Aso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monolithos 1
''Monolithos, Poems 1962 and 1982'' is the second book of poetry by American poet Jack Gilbert. It was nominated for all three major American book awards: the National Book Critics Circle Award, the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, and the National Book Award. The same year ''Monolithos'' was published, Gilbert's partner Michiko Nogami died of cancer. Overview Released by Alfred A. Knopf in a 1982 hardcover edition, ''Monolithos'' came twenty years after ''Views of Jeopardy'', which won Gilbert the Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition in 1962. A subsequent paperback edition of ''Monolithos'' was released by Graywolf Press in 1984. However, the limited availability of this edition has caused the book's value to climb from its original six-dollar publication price to amounts between $100 and $250, depending on the seller. The book is divided into two sections: ''One - 1962'' contains revised and collected poems from ''Views of Jeopardy'', while ''Two onolithos1982'' consists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalith
A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. More than 35,000 megalithic structures have been identified across Europe, ranging geographically from Sweden in the north to the Mediterranean Sea in the south. The word was first used in 1849 by the British antiquarian Algernon Herbert in reference to Stonehenge and derives from the Ancient Greek words " mega" for great and " lithos" for stone. Most extant megaliths were erected between the Neolithic period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age. Types and definitions While "megalith" is often used to describe a single piece of stone, it also can be used to denote one or more rocks hewn in definite shapes for special purposes. It has been used to describe structures built by people from many parts of the world living in many different periods. The most widely known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obelisk
An obelisk (; , diminutive of (') ' spit, nail, pointed pillar') is a tall, slender, tapered monument with four sides and a pyramidal or pyramidion top. Originally constructed by Ancient Egyptians and called ''tekhenu'', the Greeks used the Greek term to describe them, and this word passed into Latin and ultimately English. Though William Thomas used the term correctly in his ''Historie of Italie'' of 1549, by the late sixteenth century (after reduced contact with Italy following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth), Shakespeare failed to distinguish between pyramids and obelisks in his plays and sonnets. Ancient obelisks are monolithic and consist of a single stone; most modern obelisks are made of several stones. Ancient obelisks Egyptian Obelisks were prominent in the architecture of the ancient Egyptians, and played a vital role in their religion placing them in pairs at the entrance of the temples. The word "obelisk" as used in English today is of Greek rathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monolithic Column
A monolithic column or single-piece column is a large column of which the shaft is made from a single piece of stone instead of in vertical sections. Smaller columns are very often made from single pieces of stone, but are less often described as monolithic, as the term is normally reserved for less common, larger columns made in this way. Choosing to use monolithic columns produces considerable extra difficulties in quarrying and transport, and may be seen as a statement of grandeur and importance in a building. As an example of this level of choice, Shoghi Effendi cabled Bahá'ís of the world in 1948 about the Shrine of the Báb on December 10, 1948: Convey to believers the joyful news of the safe delivery on Mt. Carmel of a consignment of thirty-two granite monolith columns, part of the initial shipment of material ordered for construction of the arcade of the Báb's Sepulcher, designed to envelop and preserve the sacred previous structure reared by 'Abdu'l-Bahá. Buil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monolithic Church
A monolithic church or rock-hewn church is a church made from a single block of stone. Because freestanding rocks of sufficient size are rare, such edifices are usually hewn into the ground or into the side of a hill or mountain. They can be of comparable architectural complexity to constructed buildings. The term ''monolithic church'' is used of churches in various countries, not least the complex of eleven churches in Lalibela, Ethiopia, believed to have been created in the 12th century. Ethiopia The eleven monolithic churches in Lalibela are: * Church of the Redeemer * Saint Marie * Mount Sinai * Golgotha * House of the Cross * House of the Virgins * Saint Gabriel * Abba Matta * Saint Mercurius * Immanuel * Church of St. George (Bete Giyorgis) The most famous of the edifices is the cross-shaped Church of St. George. Tradition credits its construction to the Zagwe dynasty King Gebre Mesqel Lalibela, who was a devout Orthodox Tewahedo Christian. The medieval monolit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rock-cut Architecture
Rock-cut architecture is the creation of structures, buildings, and sculptures by excavating solid Rock (geology), rock where it naturally occurs. Intensely laborious when using ancient tools and methods, rock-cut architecture was presumably combined with quarrying the rock for use elsewhere. In India and China, the terms ''cave'' and ''cavern'' are often applied to this form of man-made architecture, but caves and caverns that began in natural form are not considered to be rock-cut architecture even if extensively modified. Although rock-cut structures differ from traditionally built structures in many ways, many rock-cut structures are made to replicate the facade or interior of traditional architectural forms. Interiors were usually carved out by starting at the roof of the planned space and then working downward. This technique prevents stones falling on workers below. The three main uses of rock-cut architecture were temples (like those in Indian rock-cut architecture, India), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Amera
Ben Amera () is Africa's largest monolith, rising above the desert floor. It's the world's second largest monolith only behind Uluru, in Australia. Ben Amera is located in Mauritania, near the border with Western Sahara. It lies north of the train track where the famous Iron Ore Train travels between Nouâdibhou and Choûm. Nearby, a lesser monolith, Aïsha lies a 20-minute drive to the west of Ben Amera. In 1999, a dozen artists of international fame celebrated the millennium by carving into the boulders at the base of Aïsha. A 4x4 vehicle and an experienced desert driver is required to handle the deep, sandy track out to Ben Amera, as there is no paving once leaving the road that runs from Atar to Zouerrat. Drivers can be hired in Atar. The rough path runs parallel to the tracks for the Iron Ore Train before crossing it at the mark. As of December 2018, there was a small encampment near the tracks and a security checkpoint. Whereas at one point in time fiches were requi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Savandurga
Savandurga is a hill 60 km west of Bengaluru, Karnataka, off the Magadi road in India. It is the largest monolith hills in Asia. The hill rises to 1226 m above mean sea level and forms a part of the Deccan plateau. It consists of peninsular gneiss, granites, basic dykes, and laterites. The Arkavathi river passes nearby through the Thippagondanahalli reservoir and towards Manchanabele dam. The Savandurga hills are frequented by pilgrims who come to visit the Savandi Veerabhadreshwara Swamy and Narasimha Swamy temple situated at the foothills. Rock climbers, cave explorers, and adventurers are among others who frequent the locale. Nearby Manchanabele Dam is often visited by water-sports enthusiasts. Origin of name Savandurga is formed by two hills locally known as Karigudda (black hill) and Biligudda (white hill). The earliest record of the name of the hill is from 1340 AD by Hoysala Ballala III from Madabalu where it is called ''Savandi''. Another view is that the name orig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Sphinx Of Giza
The Great Sphinx of Giza is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the head of a human and the body of a lion. Facing east, it stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt. The original shape of the Sphinx was cut from bedrock of the Eocene-aged Mokattam Formation, and has since been restored with layers of limestone blocks. It measures long from paw to tail, high from the base to the top of the head and wide at its rear haunches. The Sphinx is the oldest known monumental sculpture in Egypt and one of the most recognizable statues in the world. The face of the Sphinx remains a matter of scholarly dispute; it appears to represent the pharaoh Khufu or one of his sons, pharaohs Djedefre and Khafre. Archaeological evidence suggests that it was created by ancient Egyptians of the Old Kingdom during the reign of Khufu () or Khafre (). The circumstances surrounding the Sphinx's nose being broken off are uncertain, but close ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuma Rock
Zuma Rock is a large natural monolith, or inselberg, an igneous intrusion composed of gabbro and granodiorite, located in Madalla, a town in Niger State, Nigeria. It is situated in the west of Nigeria's capital, Abuja, along the main road from Abuja to Kaduna, off Madalla, and is sometimes referred to as the "Gateway to Abuja from Suleja". Zuma Rock rises approximately above its surroundings. It was once thought to be in the Federal Capital Territory but is actually located at the upper end of Madalla, a rural settlement in Suleja Local Government Area of Niger State. Zuma Rock is depicted on the 100 naira note. It was used for a defensive retreat by the Gbagyi people against invading neighbouring tribes during intertribal wars. Zuma Rock is very tall by the standards of Nigerian geography. It is taller than Aso rock and Olumo rock combined. Origin The rock was found in the 15th century by the Zuba people of Niger State, who called it ''zumwa'', which could translate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aso Rock
Aso Rock is a large outcrop of granitic rock located on the outskirts of Abuja, the capital of Nigeria. The Aso Rock is a prominent monolith with a peak height of above sea level. It is one of the city's most noticeable features. The Nigerian Presidential Complex, Nigerian National Assembly, and Nigerian Supreme Court are located around it. Much of the city extends to the south of the rock. "Aso" means victorious in the native language of the Asokoro ("the people of victory") ethnic group. Aso Rock was the site of the 2003 Aso Rock Declaration, issued by the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations during the CHOGM held in Abuja. It reaffirmed the Commonwealth's principles as detailed under the Harare Declaration The Harare Commonwealth Declaration was a declaration of the Commonwealth of Nations, setting out the Commonwealth's core principles and values, detailing the Commonwealth's membership criteria, and redefining and reinforcing its purpose. The D ... b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
