Monocular O
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Monocular O
Monocular O ( majuscule: , minuscule: ) is one of the rare glyph variants of Cyrillic letter . This glyph variant was used in certain manuscripts in the root word ( eye), and also in some other functions, for example, in the word- and syllable-initial position. It is used in some late birchbark letters of the 14th and 15th centuries, where it is usually differentiated from a regular , used after consonants, also by width, being a broad On (ѻ) with a dot inside. It resembles the Latin letter for the bilabial click (ʘ), and the Gothic letter Hwair (). It was proposed for inclusion into Unicode in 2007 alongside the Binocular O, Double monocular O, and Multiocular O, and was incorporated as characters U+A668 (majuscule) and U+A669 (minuscule) in Unicode version 5.1 (2008). See also * Broad On * Omega (Cyrillic) * ʘ : Latin letter ʘ * 𐍈 : Gothic letter Hwair * Dotted zero The slashed zero is a representation of the Arabic digit " 0" (zero) with a slash through it ...
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Double Monocular O
Double monocular O (uppercase: , lowercase: ) is one of the exotic glyph variants of the Cyrillic letter O. This glyph variant can be found in certain manuscripts in the plural or dual forms of the word eye, for example " woeyes". They were incorporated into Unicode as characters U+A66C and U+A66D in Unicode version 5.1 (2008). See also *Ꙩ: Monocular O *Ꙫ: Binocular O *ꙮ: Multiocular O Multiocular O () is a rare glyph variant of the Cyrillic letter O. This glyph variant can be found in a single 15th century manuscript, in the Old Church Slavonic phrase "серафими многꙮ҄читїи" (, "many-eyed seraphim"). It ... *Ꚙ: Double O References {{Cyrillic-alphabet-stub Eyes in culture Grammatical number ...
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Majuscule
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters, with each letter in one set usually having an equivalent in the other set. The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun (ca ...
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Hwair
Hwair (also , , ) is the name of , the Gothic letter expressing the or sound (reflected in English by the inverted '' wh''-spelling for ). Hwair is also the name of the Latin ligature (capital ) used to transcribe Gothic. Name The name of the Gothic letter is recorded by Alcuin in Codex Vindobonensis 795 as ''uuaer''. The meaning of the name ' was probably "cauldron, pot" (cf. ' "skull");Mark 15:22 ' = "Golgatha". comparative reconstruction shows ''*kʷer''- (“a kind of dish or pot”) in Proto-Indo-European. There was no Elder Futhark rune for the phoneme, so that unlike those of most Gothic letters, the name does not continue the name of a rune (but see '' qairþra''). Sound Gothic ' is the reflex of Common Germanic ', which in turn continues the Indo-European labiovelar ''*'' after it underwent Grimm's law. The same phoneme in Old English and Old High German is spelled ''hw''. Transliteration The Gothic letter is transliterated with the Latin ligature of the same name ...
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𐍈
Hwair (also , , ) is the name of , the Gothic letter expressing the or sound (reflected in English by the inverted '' wh''-spelling for ). Hwair is also the name of the Latin ligature (capital ) used to transcribe Gothic. Name The name of the Gothic letter is recorded by Alcuin in Codex Vindobonensis 795 as ''uuaer''. The meaning of the name ' was probably "cauldron, pot" (cf. ' "skull");Mark 15:22 ' = "Golgatha". comparative reconstruction shows ''*kʷer''- (“a kind of dish or pot”) in Proto-Indo-European. There was no Elder Futhark rune for the phoneme, so that unlike those of most Gothic letters, the name does not continue the name of a rune (but see '' qairþra''). Sound Gothic ' is the reflex of Common Germanic ', which in turn continues the Indo-European labiovelar ''*'' after it underwent Grimm's law. The same phoneme in Old English and Old High German is spelled ''hw''. Transliteration The Gothic letter is transliterated with the Latin ligature of the same name ...
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Omega (Cyrillic)
Omega (Ѡ ѡ or ; italics: ''Ѡ ѡ'' or ) is a letter used in the early Cyrillic alphabet. Its name and form are derived from the Greek letter Omega (Ω ω). In some forms it looks similar to the letter We. Unlike Greek, the Slavic languages had only a single sound, so Omega was little used compared to the letter O (О о), descended from the Greek letter Omicron. In the older ustav writing Omega was used mainly for its numeric value of 800, and rarely appeared even in Greek words. In later semi-ustav manuscripts it was used for decorative purposes, along with the broad version () as well as the Broad On (Ѻ ѻ). Modern Church Slavonic has developed strict rules for the use of these letterforms. Another variation of omega is the ''ornate'' or ''beautiful omega'', used as an interjection, “O!”. It is represented in Unicode 5.1 by the misnamedNikita Simmons, Aleksandr Andreev and Yuri Shardt (2011–2012) “The Complete Character Range for Slav ...
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Broad On
Broad On (Ѻ ѻ; italics: ) is a positional and orthographical variant of the Cyrillic letter O (О о) (here "on" (, ''onŭ'') is a traditional name of Cyrillic letter О; these names are still in use in the Church Slavonic alphabet). Broad On is used only in the Church Slavonic language. In its alphabet (in primers and grammar books), broad and regular shapes of О/о share the same position, as they are not considered different letters. Uppercase is typically represented by broad Ѻ, and lowercase is either regular о or dual: both broad ѻ and regular о (in the same way as Greek uppercase Σ is accompanied with two lowercases σ, ς). Phonetically, broad Ѻ/ѻ is the same as regular О/о. In standard Church Slavonic orthography (since the middle of the 17th century until present time), the broad shape of letter On is used instead of the regular shape of the same letter in the following cases: * as the first letter of a word's root: ** in the initial position ( ...
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Multiocular O
Multiocular O () is a rare glyph variant of the Cyrillic letter O. This glyph variant can be found in a single 15th century manuscript, in the Old Church Slavonic phrase "серафими многꙮ҄читїи" (, "many-eyed seraphim"). It was documented by Yefim Karsky from a copy of the book of Psalms from around 1429, now found in the collection of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius. The character was proposed for inclusion into Unicode in 2007 and incorporated as character U+A66E in Unicode version 5.1 (2008). The representative glyph had seven eyes. However, in 2021, following a tweet highlighting the character, it came to linguist Michael Everson's attention that the character in the 1429 manuscript was actually made up of ten eyes. After a 2022 proposal to change the character to reflect this, it was updated later that year for Unicode 15.0 to have ten eyes. See also * O (Cyrillic), О * Monocular O, Ꙩ * Binocular O, Ꙫ * Double monocular O, Ꙭ * Double O (Cyrill ...
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Binocular O
Binocular O ( majuscule: , minuscule: ) is one of the exotic glyph variants of Cyrillic letter . This glyph variant can be found in certain manuscripts in the plural or dual forms of the root word eye, like . A similar jocular glyph (called "double-dot wide O") has been suggested as a phonetic symbol for the "nasal-ingressive velar trill", a paralinguistic impression of a snort, due to the graphic resemblance to a pig snout. Computing encodings See also * Monocular O * Double monocular O * Multiocular O Multiocular O () is a rare glyph variant of the Cyrillic letter O. This glyph variant can be found in a single 15th century manuscript, in the Old Church Slavonic phrase "серафими многꙮ҄читїи" (, "many-eyed seraphim"). It ... References {{Cyrillic-alphabet-stub Eyes in culture Grammatical number ...
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Unicode
Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology Technical standard, standard for the consistent character encoding, encoding, representation, and handling of Character (computing), text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. The standard, which is maintained by the Unicode Consortium, defines as of the current version (15.0) 149,186 characters covering 161 modern and historic script (Unicode), scripts, as well as symbols, emoji (including in colors), and non-visual control and formatting codes. Unicode's success at unifying character sets has led to its widespread and predominant use in the internationalization and localization of computer software. The standard has been implemented in many recent technologies, including modern operating systems, XML, and most modern programming languages. The Unicode character repertoire is synchronized with Universal Coded Character Set, ISO/IEC 10646, each being code-for-code id ...
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Gothic Alphabet
The Gothic alphabet is an alphabet used for writing the Gothic language. Ulfilas (or Wulfila) developed it in the 4th century AD for the purpose of translating the Bible. The alphabet essentially uses uncial forms of the Greek alphabet, with a few additional letters to express Gothic phonology: * Latin F and G * a questionably Runic letter to distinguish the glide from vocalic * the letter hwair () to express the Gothic labiovelar. Origin Ulfilas is thought to have consciously chosen to avoid the use of the older Runic alphabet for this purpose, as it was heavily connected with pagan beliefs and customs. Also, the Greek-based script probably helped to integrate the Gothic nation into the dominant Greco-Roman culture around the Black Sea. Letters Below is a table of the Gothic alphabet. Two letters used in its transliteration are not used in current English: thorn '' þ'' (representing ), and hwair (representing ). As with the Greek alphabet, Gothic letters were also ...
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Lower Case
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters, with each letter in one set usually having an equivalent in the other set. The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a Sentence (linguistics), sentence ...
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Bilabial Click
The bilabial clicks are a family of click consonants that sound like a smack of the lips. They are found as phonemes only in the small Tuu language family (currently two languages, one moribund), in the ǂ’Amkoe language of Botswana (also moribund), and in the extinct Damin ritual jargon of Australia. However, bilabial clicks are found paralinguistically for a kiss in various languages, including integrated into a greeting in the Hadza language of Tanzania, and as allophones of labial–velar stops in some West African languages (Ladefoged 1968), as of /mw/ in some of the languages neighboring Shona, such as Ndau and Tonga. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the place of articulation of these sounds is . This may be combined with a second letter to indicate the manner of articulation, though this is commonly omitted for tenuis clicks. In official IPA transcription, the click letter is combined with a via a tie bar, though is frequently om ...
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