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Mandate
Mandate most often refers to: * League of Nations mandates, quasi-colonial territories established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, 28 June 1919 * Mandate (politics), the power granted by an electorate Mandate may also refer to: * Mandate (after shave), British after shave brand * Mandate (criminal law), an official or authoritative command; an order or injunction * Mandate (international law), an obligation handed down by an inter-governmental body * ''Mandate'' (magazine), a monthly gay pornographic magazine * Mandate (trade union), a trade union in Ireland * , various ships of Britain's navy * Mandate (typeface), a brash-brush typeface designed by R. Hunter Middleton * The formal notice of decision from an appeals court * A requirement for a Health maintenance organization to provide a particular product See also * Contract of mandate, a contract of bailment of goods without reward, to be carried from place to place, or to have some act performed ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Nations Mandate
A League of Nations mandate was a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I, or the legal instruments that contained the internationally agreed-upon terms for administering the territory on behalf of the League of Nations. These were of the nature of both a treaty and a constitution, which contained minority rights clauses that provided for the rights of petition and adjudication by the Permanent Court of International Justice. The mandate system was established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, entered into force on 28 June 1919. With the dissolution of the League of Nations after World War II, it was stipulated at the Yalta Conference that the remaining Mandates should be placed under the trusteeship of the United Nations, subject to future discussions and formal agreements. Most of the remaining mandates of the League of Nations (with the exception of South-West Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate Of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven () is a Chinese political philosophy that was used in ancient and imperial China to legitimize the rule of the King or Emperor of China. According to this doctrine, heaven (天, ''Tian'') – which embodies the natural order and will of the universe – bestows the mandate on a just ruler of China, the " Son of Heaven". If a ruler was overthrown, this was interpreted as an indication that the ruler was unworthy and had lost the mandate. It was also a common belief that natural disasters such as famine and flood were divine retributions bearing signs of Heaven's displeasure with the ruler, so there would often be revolts following major disasters as the people saw these calamities as signs that the Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn. The Mandate of Heaven does not require a legitimate ruler to be of noble birth, depending instead on how well that person can rule. Chinese dynasties such as the Han and Ming were founded by men of common origins, but t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (typeface)
Mandate most often refers to: * League of Nations mandates, quasi-colonial territories established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, 28 June 1919 * Mandate (politics), the power granted by an electorate Mandate may also refer to: * Mandate (after shave), British after shave brand * Mandate (criminal law), an official or authoritative command; an order or injunction * Mandate (international law), an obligation handed down by an inter-governmental body * ''Mandate'' (magazine), a monthly gay pornographic magazine * Mandate (trade union), a trade union in Ireland * , various ships of Britain's navy * Mandate (typeface), a brash-brush typeface designed by R. Hunter Middleton * The formal notice of decision from an appeals court * A requirement for a Health maintenance organization to provide a particular product See also * Contract of mandate, a contract of bailment of goods without reward, to be carried from place to place, or to have some act performed abou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individual Mandate
An individual mandate is a requirement by law for certain persons to purchase or otherwise obtain a good or service. United States Militia act The Militia Acts of 1792, based on the Constitution's militia clause (in addition to its affirmative authorization to raise an army and a navy), would have required every "free able-bodied white male citizen" between the ages of 18 and 45, with a few occupational exceptions, to "provide himself" a weapon and ammunition. (See Conscription.) The Militia Acts were never federally enforced, so their constitutionality was never litigated. Seaman relief act An Act for the relief of sick and disabled seamen, signed into law by President John Adams in 1798, required employers to withhold 20 cents per month from each seaman's pay and turn it over to a Collector of the Federal Treasury when in port, and authorized the President to use the money to pay for "the temporary relief and maintenance of sick or disabled seamen," and to build hospitals t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (trade Union)
Mandate is a trade union A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ( ... representing retail, administrative and distributive workers in Ireland. The union was founded in 1994, when the Irish Distributive and Administrative Trade Union merged with the Irish National Union of Vintners', Grocers' and Allied Trades Assistants.Arthur Marsh, ''Historical Directory of Trade Unions'', vol.5, pp.119-120 The merger was criticised by some members because the word "union" was not contained in the title. Later, the union was renamed "Mandate Trade Union". On formation, the union had 22,000 members, and this grew to 40,000 by 2005. Due to the turnover of staff in retail, at the time, it was recruiting around 16,000 members per year in order to maintain this level of total membership. A n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (magazine)
''Mandate'' was a monthly gay pornographic magazine. It was published in the United States and distributed internationally since April, 1975. Together with the other magazines of the Mavety Group, such as ''Black Inches'', it folded in 2009.See Kit Christopher & Joe Thompson, "Mavety Media: The Rise and Fall of Socially Redeeming Content," ''Unzipped'' (October, 2009), 10–11. History Modernismo Publications, Ltd. (MP) were publishers of ''Mandate'', ''Honcho'', and ''Playguy'', popular gay men's magazines. MP was founded in 1974 by George Mavety with the publication of ''Dilettante'', which folded in March 1975. The following month, its successor, ''Mandate'', appeared on the newsstands under the editorship of John Devere. ''Mandate'' was conceived as a magazine of erotica, news and entertainment for gay men. Each monthly issue, in addition to exhibiting artistic displays of male nudes and erotic fiction, contained reviews of books, motion pictures and sound recordings of interes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (politics)
In representative democracies, a mandate (or seat) is the authority granted by a constituency to act as its representative. Elections, especially ones with a large margin of victory, are often said to give the newly elected government or elected official an implicit mandate to put into effect certain policies.Glossary , Elections ACT. Jul 2012. http://www.elections.act.gov.au/glossary (cf., ''The Government's claim that once elected they have the right and responsibility to implement their policies''.) When a government seeks re-election they may introduce new policies as part of the campaign and are hoping for approval from the voters, and say they are seeking a "new mandate". Governments and elected officials may use language of a "mandate" to lend legitimacy to actions that they take in office. In some languages, a "mandate" can mean a parliamentary seat won in an election rather than the electoral victory itself. In case such a mandate is bound to the wishes of the electora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (after Shave)
Mandate is a British aftershave brand. In the 1970s, there were television commercials for Mandate featuring the French pop singer Sacha Distel Alexandre "Sacha" Distel (29 January 1933 – 22 July 2004) was a French singer, guitarist, songwriter and actor who had hits with a cover version of "Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head" in 1970, which reached No 10 in the UK Charts, "Scoubidou", .... References {{Reflist British brands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (international Law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization (e.g. the United Nations) to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization. Before the creation of the United Nations, all mandates were issued from the League of Nations. An example of such a mandate would be Australian New Guinea, which is officially the Territory of Papua. See also * UN Mandate * League of Nations mandate A League of Nations mandate was a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I, or the legal instruments that contained the internationally agreed-upon terms for administ ... International law Law of obligations {{International-law-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (criminal Law)
A criminal court may impose a "mandate" as part of a legal process on a person accused of a crime consisting of an obligation to engage in certain conditions or activities in exchange for suspension or reduction in penalty; such as, conditions of probation, conditional discharges, or other conditional sentences. For example, a defendant convicted of driving while intoxicated or drug possession may be mandated to engage in alcoholism or substance abuse rehabilitation. The term is paradoxical because acceptance of the "mandate" is a voluntary act by the defendant, who also has the option of serving what would most generally (though the relative weight is a matter determined by the individual's perspective and readiness to change) be viewed as a harsher alternative, such as incarceration. In this sense, the mandate is not truly ''mandatory'', but is instead a type of legal fiction wherein the court assumes an illusion of power which, in actuality, is constrained by the defendant's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Appeal
In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and interpreting law. Although appellate courts have existed for thousands of years, common law countries did not incorporate an affirmative right to appeal into their jurisprudence until the 19th century. History Appellate courts and other systems of error correction have existed for many millennia. During the first dynasty of Babylon, Hammurabi and his governors served as the highest appellate courts of the land. Ancient Roman law recognized the right to appeal in the Valerian and Porcian laws since 509 BC. Later it employed a complex hierarchy of appellate courts, where some appeals would be heard by the emperor. Additionally, appellate courts have existed in Japan since at least the Kamakura Shogunate (1185–1333 CE). During this time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Maintenance Organization
In the United States, a health maintenance organization (HMO) is a medical insurance group that provides health services for a fixed annual fee. It is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance, self-funded health care benefit plans, individuals, and other entities, acting as a liaison with health care providers (hospitals, doctors, etc.) on a prepaid basis. The Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 required employers with 25 or more employees to offer federally certified HMO options if the employer offers traditional healthcare options. Unlike traditional indemnity insurance, an HMO covers care rendered by those doctors and other professionals who have agreed by contract to treat patients in accordance with the HMO's guidelines and restrictions in exchange for a steady stream of customers. HMOs cover emergency care regardless of the health care provider's contracted status. Operation HMOs often require members to select a primary care phy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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