Localizer Type Directional Aid
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Localizer Type Directional Aid
A localizer type directional aid (LDA) or Instrument Guidance System (IGS) is a type of localizer-based instrument approach to an airport. It is used in places where, due to terrain and other factors, the localizer antenna array is not aligned with the runway it serves. In these cases, the localizer antenna array may be offset (i.e. pointed or aimed) in such a way that the approach course it projects no longer lies along the extended runway centerline (which is the norm for non-offset and non-LDA localizer systems). If the angle of offset is three degrees or less, the facility is classified as an offset localizer. If the offset angle is greater than three degrees, the facility is classified as a localizer-type directional aid (LDA). Straight-in approaches may be published if the offset angle does not exceed 30 degrees. Only circling minimums are published for offset angles greater than 30 degrees. As a "directional aid", and only a Category I (CAT I) approach, rather than a full-fl ...
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Localizer
An instrument landing system localizer, or simply localizer (LOC), is a system of horizontal guidance in the instrument landing system, which is used to guide aircraft along the axis of the runway. Principle of operation In aviation, a localizer is the lateral component of the ''instrument landing system'' (ILS) for the runway centerline when combined with the vertical glide slope, not to be confused with a locator, although both are parts of aviation navigation systems. A localizer (like a glideslope) requires both a transmitting airport runway system and receiving cockpit instruments. An older aircraft without an ILS receiver cannot take advantage of any ILS facilities at any runway, and much more importantly, the most modern aircraft have no use of their ILS instruments at runways which lack ILS facilities. In parts of Africa and Asia large airports may lack any kind of transmitting ILS system. Some runways have ILS only in one direction, this can however still be used for t ...
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Eastern Sierra Regional Airport
Eastern Sierra Regional Airport is two miles east of Bishop, in Inyo County, California, United States. It is owned by the City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works and operated by Inyo County. Facilities The airport covers at an elevation of . It has three asphalt runways: 8/26 is ; 12/30 is ; 17/35 is . It has two helipads: H1 is and H2 is . In the year ending October 23, 2006 the airport had 26,000 aircraft operations, average 71 per day: 88% general aviation and 12% military. 64 aircraft were then based at the airport: 81% single-engine, 13% multi-engine, 2% jet and 5% glider. Airlines and destinations Effective December 19, 2021, SkyWest Airlines operating as United Express via a code sharing agreement with United Airlines began nonstop service to the airport, utilizing Bombardier CRJ700 regional jet aircraft. Winter 22/23 will include daily flights to San Francisco (SFO) and Denver (DEN). These new flights replaced United Express service to nearby Mammoth Yo ...
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Columbia Gorge Regional Airport
Columbia Gorge Regional Airport , also referred to as The Dalles Municipal Airport, is a public use airport in Klickitat County in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located near Dallesport, Washington and two  nautical miles (4  km) northeast of the city of The Dalles in the state of Oregon. The airport is jointly owned by the city of The Dalles and Klickitat County. It is adjacent to the Columbia River, near the east end of the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a ''general aviation'' facility. History During the Great Depression, the city was granted $12,000 by the Works Progress Administration (WPA), but that was later revoked in 1935 when the WPA learned the city only leased the airport. During reconstruction of the original runway 12/30, the runway was renumbered to the current 13/31 designation. The Earth's magnetic north pole moves ...
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La Guardia Airport
LaGuardia Airport is a civil airport in East Elmhurst, Queens, New York City. Covering , the facility was established in 1929 and began operating as a public airport in 1939. It is named after former New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia. The airport primarily accommodates airline service to domestic (and limited international) destinations. , it was the third-busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area, behind Kennedy and Newark airports, and the twenty-first busiest in the United States by passenger volume. The airport is located directly to the north of the Grand Central Parkway, the airport’s primary access highway. While the airport is a hub for both American Airlines and Delta Air Lines, commercial service is strictly governed by unique regulations including a curfew, a slot system, and a "perimeter rule" prohibiting most nonstop flights to or from destinations greater than . Throughout the 2000s and 2010s, LaGuardia was notable for having obsolete and ...
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Elko Regional Airport
Elko Regional Airport , formerly Elko Municipal Airport, is a mile west of downtown Elko, in Elko County, Nevada, United States. The airport was named J.C. Harris Field in 1975 in honor of Jess C. Harris, a sheriff from Elko known as "The Flying Sheriff". History Originally called Elko Airport, the airfield took on the name Keddie Field by 1935, then Elko Municipal Airport by 1947 and ultimately Elko Regional Airport by the 2000s. Past airline service On April 6, 1926, the airfield became the terminus for the first scheduled air mail run in the United States, flown by Varney Air Lines. The route was Pasco, WA to Boise, ID to Elko, NV. By 1928 the mail route was redirected from Boise to Salt Lake City and Elko had become one of ten stops on a new route from San Francisco to Chicago flown by Boeing Air Transport. Boeing and Varney were predecessors of United Air Lines. By 1931 Elko was a stop on passenger service between New York City and San Francisco. In a 1931 timetable Un ...
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Martin State Airport
Martin State Airport is a joint civil-military public use airport located nine nautical miles (10 mi, 17 km) east of the central business district of Baltimore, in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. The facility is located within the census-designated place of Middle River on Maryland State Highway 150 (Eastern Boulevard), near the intersection of Maryland State Highway 700 (Martin Boulevard). The Maryland Aviation Administration operates the airport on behalf of the Maryland Department of Transportation. MTN is a general aviation relief airport. History This was the former plant airport for the Glenn L. Martin Company which produced a large number of military aircraft at this location between the 1920s and 1960s. The Glenn L. Martin Maryland Aviation Museum and old seaplane ramps are located at the southeast corner of the airport. In 1937, Glen Martin proposed height restrictions around the airport because a new generation of large, heavy transports wou ...
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Honolulu International Airport
Daniel K. Inouye International Airport , also known as Honolulu International Airport, is the main airport of Oahu, Hawaii."The State of Hawaii Airport Activity Statistics By Year 2007-1994"
, ''Department of Transportation, Airports Division, State of Hawaii''
The airport is named after native and recipient Daniel Inouye, who represented Hawaii in the U.S. Senate from 1963 to his death in 2012. The airport is in the Hon ...
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Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport , sometimes referred to colloquially as National Airport, Washington National, Reagan National Airport, DCA, Reagan, or simply National, is an international airport in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. It is the smaller of two airports operated by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) that serve the National Capital Region (NCR) around Washington, D.C. (the larger being Dulles International Airport about to the west in Virginia's Fairfax and Loudoun counties). The airport is from downtown Washington, D.C., and the city is visible from the airport. The airport's original name was Washington National Airport. In 1998, Congress renamed it Ronald Reagan National Airport in honor of President Ronald Reagan. MWAA operates the airport with close oversight by the federal government due to its proximity to the national capital. Flights into and out of the airport are generally not allow ...
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Hartford–Brainard Airport
Hartford–Brainard Airport is a towered public airport three miles (5 km) southeast of downtown Hartford, in Hartford County, Connecticut. It is owned by the Connecticut Airport Authority. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 categorized it as a regional reliever airport facility. The airport is named after former mayor Newton C. Brainard. History Originally called Brainard Field when it opened in 1921, Hartford–Brainard Airport may well be the country's first municipal airport. Located in a former cow pasture in the southeast Hartford Neighborhood of South Meadows, Brainard opened in 1921. Among the facility's claims to fame are visits by some of the early 20th century's greatest aviators — including Amelia Earhart and Charles Lindbergh — who landed there to great acclaim. For its first decade, officials limited the airfield's use primarily to small passenger flights, but in 1933, city officials op ...
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Grand Junction Regional Airport
Grand Junction Regional Airport is northeast of Grand Junction, in Mesa County, Colorado, United States. Owned by the Grand Junction Regional Airport Authority, it is the largest airport in western Colorado and third largest in the state, behind Denver International Airport and Colorado Springs Airport. Federal Aviation Administration records show 212,588 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 228,850 in 2009 and 219,358 in 2010. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a ''primary commercial service'' airport (more than 10,000 enplanements per year). History The airport opened in 1930 as Grand Junction Municipal Airport. In 1942 it was renamed Walker Field for Walter Walker, a former publisher of ''The Daily Sentinel'' newspaper who helped obtain funds and business support for the airport. The airport and the airport authority were renamed on May 15, 2007. Grand Junction Regional Airport is undergoing a $20 million renovat ...
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Eagle County Regional Airport
Eagle County Regional Airport (Vail/Eagle Airport or the Eagle Vail Airport) is in Gypsum, Colorado, United States, 4 miles from Eagle and 37 miles from Vail. It covers and has one runway. The History Channel rated Eagle County Regional Airport as #8 on its list of Most Extreme Airports in July 2010 due to the elevation, weather, approach through mountainous terrain and challenging departure procedures. In 2008–09 the airport completed a runway repaving and extension project, increasing the runway length to 9,000 feet. Scheduled passenger airline service into the airport is largely seasonal, with more scheduled flights in winter. During ski season EGE is the second busiest airport in Colorado after Denver International Airport due to its proximity to Vail and Beaver Creek ski resorts. Some passengers prefer to fly into EGE rather than Aspen since Eagle has lower minimums allowing a better potential to land in bad weather. Despite being advertised as Vail Airport by airli ...
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Van Nuys Airport
: ''For the United States Air Force use of the airport (1942–1990), see Van Nuys Air National Guard Base'' Van Nuys Airport is a public airport in the Van Nuys neighborhood of the City of Los Angeles. The airport is operated by Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), a branch of the Los Angeles city government, which also operates Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Van Nuys is one of the busiest general aviation airports in the world, with the airport's two parallel runways averaging over 230,000 takeoffs and landings annually. However, , no commercial air service operates to or from Van Nuys. Van Nuys is home to news, medical transport, and tour helicopter operators, the air operations unit of the Los Angeles City Fire Department, and a maintenance base for Los Angeles Police Department and Los Angeles Department of Water and Power helicopters. Originally opened as Metropolitan Airport on December 17, 1928, the airport became the Van Nuys Army Airfield during World War II ...
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