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Lepidosauromorph
Lepidosauromorpha (in PhyloCode known as ''Pan-Lepidosauria'') is a group of reptiles comprising all diapsids closer to lizards than to archosaurs (which include crocodiles and birds). The only living sub-group is the Lepidosauria, which contains two subdivisions, Squamata, which contains lizards and snakes, and Rhynchocephalia, the only extant species of which is the tuatara. Lepidosauromorphs are distinguishable from archosauromorphs (reptiles closer to archosaurs) by their primitive sprawling gait (allowing for the same sinusoidal trunk and tail movement seen in fish), the sliding "joint" between the coracoids and the sternum (for a longer stride), and their pleurodont dentition. In contrast, Archosauromorphs possess a parasagittal gait, a reduction in their dermal girdle, a reduction and/or loss of the sternum, and a more thecodont dentition. Living lepidosauromorphs have retained an ectothermic (" cold blooded") metabolism, unlike the ancestral condition in archosauromorphs. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraxinisaura
''Fraxinisaura'' is an extinct genus of basal (phylogenetics), basal lepidosauromorph reptile known from the Middle Triassic of Germany. The only known species is ''Fraxinisaura rozynekae''. It possessed an elongated snout, unique features of the teeth, and an Ilium (bone), ilium (upper hip bone) which was intermediate in orientation between Rhynchocephalia, sphenodontians (the branch of Lepidosauria, lepidosaurs including the tuatara) and Squamata, squamates (the branch including Lizard, lizards). Based on characteristics of the maxilla, it is considered a close relative of ''Marmoretta'' from the Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom, resolving a ghost lineage between that genus and other Triassic basal lepidosauromorphs. Discovery Remains of ''Fraxinisaura'' have only been recovered from the Schumann limestone quarry near Vellberg, Vellberg, Germany. Stratigraphically, it hails from the Untere Graue Mergel Layer of the Erfurt Formation, also known as the Lower Keuper. The Lowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marmoretta
''Marmoretta'' is an extinct genus of small lepidosauromorph reptile known from the Middle Jurassic (late Bathonian age) of Oxfordshire, England and Skye, Scotland. It contains a single species, ''Marmoretta oxoniensis''. Etymology ''Marmoretta'' was first described and named by Susan E. Evans in 1991 and the type species is ''Marmoretta oxoniensis''. The generic name is derived from Latin ''marmoros'', meaning "Marble" and refers to the Forest Marble Formation - the source of the initial specimens of ''Marmoretta''. The specific name is derived from ''Oxonia'', the Latinised form of "Oxford", in reference to Oxfordshire. Discovery ''Marmoretta'' is known from holotype BMNH R.12020, the anterior region of a right maxilla. Many specimens are referred to the species from the type locality, and together represent a nearly complete skull. All specimens are housed in the Natural History Museum. They were collected from the Mammal Bed of the Forest Marble Formation, at Kirtlin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophineta Cracoviensis
''Sophineta'' is an extinct genus of basal lepidosauromorph reptile known from the Early Triassic (late Olenekian age) of Małopolska Province, southern Poland. It contains a single species, ''Sophineta cracoviensis''. Discovery ''Sophineta'' was first described and named by Susan E. Evans and Magdalena Borsuk−Białynicka in 2009, and the type species is ''Sophineta cracoviensis''. It is known from holotype ZPAL RV/175, a nearly complete right maxilla. Many isolated or associated skull and postcranial fragments are referred to the species, representing frontals, parietals, prefrontal, postfrontals, postorbitals, jugals, squamosals, pterygoids, quadrates, maxillae, premaxilla, dentaries, vertebrae and ilia. ''Sophineta'' fossils were discovered ''in situ'' and collected in 1982 by a team (Paszkowski and Wieczorek) from the Institute of Geological Sciences of Jagiellonian University in Kraków. They were collected from the Czatkowice 1 locality, a single exposure near Kr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinitasaura
''Vinitasaura'' is an extinct genus of lepidosauromorph from the Late Triassic of Virginia. It contains a single species, ''Vinitasaura lizae'', which is based on a complete jaw and jaw fragment from the Carnian-age Vinita Formation of the Richmond Basin. ''Vinitasaura'' lived alongside several other lepidosauromorphs, including the sphenodontian ''Micromenodon'' and an undescribed pleurodont taxon. The Vinita Formation has the oldest lepidosauromorph assemblage found in North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ..., shedding light on the early diversification and dispersal of this reptile group. References Late Triassic reptiles of North America Triassic lepidosauromorphs Fossil taxa described in 2021 Prehistoric reptile genera {{Triassic-repti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vellbergia
''Vellbergia'' is an extinct genus of lepidosauromorph from the Middle Triassic of Germany. It contains a single species, ''Vellbergia bartholomaei'', which is based on a tiny partial skull from the Ladinian-age Lower Keuper The Erfurt Formation, also known as the Lower Keuper (German: ''Untere Keuper'', ''Lettenkeuper'', ''Lettenkohle'' or ''Lettenkohlenkeuper''), is a stratigraphic formation of the Keuper group and the Germanic Trias supergroup. It was deposited du .... References Middle Triassic reptiles of Europe Triassic lepidosauromorphs Fossil taxa described in 2020 Prehistoric reptile genera {{Triassic-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophineta
''Sophineta'' is an extinct genus of basal lepidosauromorph reptile known from the Early Triassic (late Olenekian age) of Małopolska Province, southern Poland. It contains a single species, ''Sophineta cracoviensis''. Discovery ''Sophineta'' was first described and named by Susan E. Evans and Magdalena Borsuk−Białynicka in 2009, and the type species is ''Sophineta cracoviensis''. It is known from holotype ZPAL RV/175, a nearly complete right maxilla. Many isolated or associated skull and postcranial fragments are referred to the species, representing frontals, parietals, prefrontal, postfrontals, postorbitals, jugals, squamosals, pterygoids, quadrates, maxillae, premaxilla, dentaries, vertebrae and ilia. ''Sophineta'' fossils were discovered ''in situ'' and collected in 1982 by a team (Paszkowski and Wieczorek) from the Institute of Geological Sciences of Jagiellonian University in Kraków. They were collected from the Czatkowice 1 locality, a single exposure near Kr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cargninia
''Cargninia'' is an extinct genus of basal lepidosauromorph from the Late Triassic of Brazil. The type and only known species is ''Cargninia enigmatica''. It is known from the holotype UFRGS PV 1027 T, a partial left dentary (lower jaw bone) found in what is now Faxinal do Soturno, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, in the geopark Paleorrota. This locality is from the middle section of the Norian-age Caturrita Formation. ''Cargninia'' was named by José Fernando Bonaparte, César Leandro Schultz, Marina Bento Soares and Agustín G. Martinelli in 2010. The generic name honors Daniel Cargnin, a Brazilian priest and fossil collector, and the specific name means “enigmatic”, in reference to its uncertain phylogenetic placement. The preserved dentary has small, peg-like teeth, with the underlying jaw bone about four times deeper than the height of each tooth crown. The jaw was originally collected with eleven preserved teeth and two or three more spaces fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megachirella
''Megachirella'' is an extinct genus of stem-squamate that lived about 240 million years ago during the Middle Triassic and contains only one known species, ''Megachirella wachtleri''. It is known from a partial skeleton discovered in the Dolomites of Northern Italy and was described in 2003. Description ''Megachirella'' is known exclusively from a partial skeleton, preserved in anatomical connection. The find includes an almost complete skull, the front half of the body and part of the front legs. The skull, although devoid of the front part of the snout, is rather robust and large; the neck is moderately elongated and the front legs are large and strong. The dimensions do not exceed in length, and the appearance is similar to that of a strong-legged lizard. Classification Megachirella was discovered in the Dont Formation of the area of Braies, in South Tyrol, and described in 2003. It was classified as a member of Lepidosauromorpha, the clade of reptiles that includes lizards, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuehneosauridae
Kuehneosauridae is an extinct family of small, lizard-like gliding diapsids known from the Triassic period of Europe and North America. They are distinguished from other diapsids by their 'wings' formed by elongated ribs. These allowed the animal to glide and parachute similar to living gliding lizards. They were most likely insectivorous, judging from their pin-like teeth. They are often, but not always, placed in the group Lepidosauromorpha, though other studies have recovered them in other positions within Sauria, including Archosauromorpha. The oldest and most primitive known member is ''Pamelina'' from the Early Triassic (Olenekian stage) of Poland, which already has vertebrae with characteristics consistent with gliding or parachuting. ''Icarosaurus'' is known from a single specimen from the Carnian-aged Lockatong Formation of New Jersey. The Late Triassic (Norian stage) kuehneosaurids from England, ''Kuehneosaurus'' and ''Kuehneosuchus'', are very similar and can be disting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feralisaurus
''Feralisaurus'' is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptile, possibly a basal lepidosauromorph, known from the Middle Triassic of south-western England. It contains one species, ''Feralisaurus corami'', which was described by Cavicchini ''et al.'' in 2020. It was found in the Helsby Sandstone Formation. Discovery The holotype and only known specimen of ''Feralisaurus'', BRSUG 29950-12, was discovered in 2014 near Sidmouth, Devon. Classification ''Feralisaurus'' was recovered as either a basal neodiapsid Neodiapsida is a clade, or major branch, of the reptilian family tree, typically defined as including all diapsids apart from some early primitive types known as the araeoscelidians. Modern reptiles and birds belong to the neodiapsid subclade Sau ... or as a basal lepidosauromorph, with the researchers preferring a placement within Lepidosauromorpha. References Mesozoic lepidosauromorphs Fossils of England Triassic England Middle Triassic reptiles of Europe Fossil tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamaulipasaurus
''Tamaulipasaurus'' is an extinct genus of lepidosauromorph reptile from the Early Jurassic of Mexico. It contains a single species, ''Tamaulipasaurus morenoi'', which is based on skull material found at Huizachal Canyon, a productive fossil site in the La Boca Formation.R. C. Munter and J. M. Clark. 2006. Theropod dinosaurs from the Early Jurassic of Huizachal Canyon, Mexico. In M. T. Carrano, T. J. Gaudin, R. W. Blob, J. R. Wible (eds.), Amniote paleobiology: perspectives on the evolution of mammals, birds, and reptiles. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 53-7 ''Tamaulipasaurus'' had an unusual condensed skull similar to that of amphisbaenians, a modern group of burrowing squamates. It also possessed a variety of plesiomorphic In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and ... (" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchocephalia
Rhynchocephalia (; ) is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') of New Zealand. Despite its current lack of diversity, during the Mesozoic rhynchocephalians were a diverse group including a wide array of morphologically distinct forms. The oldest record of the group is dated to the Middle Triassic around 238 to 240 million years ago, and they had achieved a worldwide distribution by the Early Jurassic. Most rhynchocephalians belong to the group Sphenodontia ('wedge-teeth'). Their closest living relatives are lizards and snakes in the order Squamata, with the two orders being grouped together in the superorder Lepidosauria. Many of the niches occupied by lizards today were held by sphenodontians during the Triassic and Jurassic, although lizard diversity began to overtake sphenodontian diversity in the Cretaceous, and they had disappeared almost entirely by the beginning of the Cenozoic. While the modern tuat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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