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List Of Chess Openings
This is a list of chess openings, organised by the ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' (''ECO'') code classification system. The chess openings are categorised into five broad areas ("A" through "E"), with each of those broken up into one hundred subcategories ("00" through "99"). The openings were published in five volumes of ''ECO'', with volumes labeled "A" through "E". A – Flank openings White first moves other than 1.e4, 1.d4 (A00–A39) * White first moves other than 1.c4 (A00–A09): Atypical openings * 1.c4: English Opening (A10–A39) 1.d4 without 1...d5 or 1...Nf6: Atypical Semi-Closed Games (A40–A99) * 1.d4 without 1...d5, 1...Nf6 or 1...f5: Atypical replies to 1.d4 (A40–A44) * 1.d4 Nf6 without 2.c4: Atypical replies to 1...Nf6 (A45–A49) * 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 without 2...e6 or 2...g6: Atypical Indian defences, Indian systems (A50–A79) * 1.d4 f5: Dutch Defence (A80–A99) A00–A09 White first moves other than 1.e4, 1.d4, 1.c4: A00 Irregular chess opening ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopaedia Of Chess Openings
The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' (''ECO'') is a reference work describing the state of Chess theory#Opening theory, opening theory in chess, originally published in five volumes from 1974 to 1979 by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavian company Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant). It is currently undergoing its fifth edition. ''ECO'' may also refer to the opening classification system used by the encyclopedia. Overview Both ''ECO'' and ''Chess Informant'' are published by the Belgrade-based company Chess Informant, Šahovski Informator. The moves are taken from thousands of master games and from published analysis in ''Informant'' and compiled by the editors, most of whom are Grandmaster (chess), grandmasters, who select the lines which they consider most relevant or critical. The chief editor since the first edition has been Aleksandar Matanović (1930-2023). The openings are provided in an chess opening theory table, ''ECO'' table that concisely p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicilian Defence
The Sicilian Defence is a chess opening that begins with the following moves: :1. e4 c5 The Sicilian is the most popular and best-scoring response to White's first move 1.e4. The opening 1.d4 is a statistically more successful opening for White because of the high success rate of the Sicilian defence against 1.e4. '' New In Chess'' stated in its 2000 Yearbook that, of the games in its database, White scored 56.1% in 296,200 games beginning 1.d4, but 54.1% in 349,855 games beginning 1.e4, mainly because the Sicilian held White to a 52.3% score in 145,996 games. 17% of all games between grandmasters, and 25% of the games in the Chess Informant database, begin with the Sicilian. Grandmaster John Nunn attributes the Sicilian Defence's popularity to its "combative nature": "in many lines Black is playing not just for equality, but for the advantage. The drawback is that White often obtains an early initiative, so Black has to take care not to fall victim to a quick attack." Gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon
The Accelerated Dragon (or Accelerated Fianchetto) is a chess opening variation of the Sicilian Defence that begins with the moves: :1. e4 c5 :2. Nf3 Nc6 :3. d4 cxd4 :4. Nxd4 g6 The Accelerated Dragon features an early ...g6 by Black. An important difference between this line and the Dragon is that Black avoids playing ...d7–d6 so that ...d7–d5 can be played later in one move, if possible. Black also avoids the Yugoslav Attack, but since White has not yet played Nc3, 5.c4 (the Maróczy Bind) is possible. The Accelerated Dragon generally features a more style of play than in many other lines of the Sicilian. Alternative move order The Accelerated Dragon can also be achieved through the following move order: 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 g6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6. After 2...g6, the opening is classified as the Hyperaccelerated Dragon. One benefit of using this move order is that Black avoids the Rossolimo. A downside is that this move order allows White to play 4.Qxd4 instead of 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation
In chess, the Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation is a response to the Sicilian Defence characterised by the moves: :1. e4 c5 :2. c3 It is named after the Russian master Semyon Alapin (1856–1923). For many years, it was not held in high regard, since 2...d5 was thought to allow Black easy . Today, the Alapin is considered to be one of the most and respectable , and it is championed by grandmasters such as Evgeny Sveshnikov, Eduardas Rozentalis, Sergei Tiviakov, Duško Pavasovič, and Dražen Sermek. It has been played by World Champions Viswanathan Anand, Garry Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov, Veselin Topalov, and Vladimir Kramnik, and Deep Blue played the Alapin Variation against Kasparov in their 1996 match. Magnus Carlsen played it in his championship tiebreaker against Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa in the 2023 Fide World Cup. The Alapin is also seen in deferred form, particularly when Black chooses an unusual second move after 2.Nf3. For example, after 2.Nf3 a6 or 2. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caro–Kann Defence
The Caro–Kann Defence is a chess opening characterised by the moves: :1. e4 c6 The Caro–Kann is a common defence against 1.e4. It is classified as a Semi-Open Game, like the Sicilian Defence and French Defence, although it is thought to be more solid and less dynamic than either of those openings. It often leads to good endgames for Black, who has the better pawn structure. Black prepares to contest the with 2...d5. Unlike the similarly motivated French Defence, the Caro–Kann does not hinder the development of Black's light-squared bishop. It comes at the cost of a tempo, however, because Black has to play 1...c6 before the pawn to c5, whereas Black can push c7–c5 in one move in the French Defence. White can combat the Caro–Kann in several different ways, often gaining a space advantage; additionally, Black has less mobility and can lag in . The Caro–Kann remains a popular opening in top level chess, being employed by among others Alireza Firouzja, Vladislav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrian Attack
The Austrian Attack is a chess opening characterised by the following moves: :1. e4 d6 :2. d4 Nf6 :3. Nc3 g6 :4. f4 The opening is a variation of the Pirc Defence. After 4...Bg7, typical continuations include the 5.Nf3 0-0, an immediate attack with 5.e5 Nfd7, or a counterattack with 5.Nf3 c5. The Pirc Defence is one of several hypermodern responses to the opening move 1.e4. The aim of the Austrian Attack is to take advantage of Black's hypermodern approach by establishing a broad pawn centre early in the game. The general strategy for White is to use the pawn on f4 to support a breakthrough with e4–e5. Black will often castle early and attempt to find counterplay with c7–c5, or in some cases, e7–e5, or the of the queenside knight. Performance The Chessgames.com master game database records approximately 1,850 games which opened with the Austrian Attack. Of those games, White won 39.4%, Black won 28%, and the remaining 32.6% were draws. Siegbert Tarrasch s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack
The Austrian Attack is a chess opening characterised by the following moves: :1. e4 d6 :2. d4 Nf6 :3. Nc3 g6 :4. f4 The opening is a variation of the Pirc Defence. After 4...Bg7, typical continuations include the 5.Nf3 0-0, an immediate attack with 5.e5 Nfd7, or a counterattack with 5.Nf3 c5. The Pirc Defence is one of several hypermodern responses to the opening move 1.e4. The aim of the Austrian Attack is to take advantage of Black's hypermodern approach by establishing a broad pawn centre early in the game. The general strategy for White is to use the pawn on f4 to support a breakthrough with e4–e5. Black will often castle A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ... early and attempt to find counterplay with c7–c5, or in some cases, e7–e5, or the of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirc Defense
The Pirc Defence ( ) is a chess opening characterised by the response of Black to 1.e4 with 1...d6 and 2...Nf6, followed by ...g6 and ...Bg7, while allowing White to establish a with pawns on d4 and e4. It is named after the Slovenian grandmaster Vasja Pirc. The Pirc Defence is usually defined by the opening sequence :1. e4 d6 :2. d4 Nf6 :3. Nc3 g6 This is the most commonly played line after Black responds to 1.e4 with 1...d6. It has been claimed to give rise to somewhat interesting and exciting games, where Black will have but has to be cautious about playing too passively. According to Garry Kasparov, the Pirc Defence is "hardly worth using in the tournaments of the highest category", as it gives White "too many opportunities for anybody's liking". Description The Pirc Defence, named after Slovenian grandmaster Vasja Pirc, is a relatively new opening; while it was seen on occasion in the late nineteenth century, it was considered irregular, thus remaining a side ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Defense
The North Sea Variation (or Norwegian Defence) is an opening variation in chess. It is a line in the Modern Defense complex that occurs after moves: 1. e4 g6 2. d4 Nf6. A variant in the Norwegian Defense occurs after moves: 1. e4 g6 2. d4 Nf6 3. e5 Nh5. Magnus Carlsen calls this variant the “Norwegian Rat”. :1. e4 g6 :2. d4 Nf6 :3. e5 Nh5 Discussion According to Jim Bickford, one of the characteristics of this defense is the "cork-screw" maneuver the knight makes by traveling to the second rank via f6 and h5. In the introduction to his monograph, Bickford quotes the late Tony Miles as saying "The black knights are better on the second rank – a shame it takes two moves for them to get there." This joke is a reference to the fact that black knights on the second rank would likely occupy the squares d7 or e7; however, in the uncommon openings favored by Miles they tend to wind up on less characteristic squares along that rank, such as f7, g7, c7 and b7. Sideline gamb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Defense
The Modern Defense (also known as the Robatsch Defence after Karl Robatsch) is a hypermodern chess opening in which Black allows White to occupy the with pawns on d4 and e4, then proceeds to attack and undermine this "ideal" center without attempting to occupy it. The Modern Defense usually starts with the opening moves: :1. e4 g6 The opening has been most notably used by British grandmasters Nigel Davies and Colin McNab. The Modern Defense is closely related to the Pirc Defence, the primary difference being that in the Modern, Black delays developing the knight to f6. The delay of ...Nf6 attacking White's pawn on e4 gives White the option of blunting the g7-bishop with c2–c3. There are numerous transpositional possibilities between the two openings. The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' (''ECO'') classifies the Modern Defense as code B06, while codes B07 to B09 are assigned to the Pirc. The tenth edition of '' Modern Chess Openings'' (1965) grouped the Pirc and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alekhine Defense
Alekhine's Defence is a chess opening that begins with the moves: :1. e4 Nf6 Black tempts White's pawns forward to form a broad , with plans to undermine and attack the white structure later in the spirit of hypermodern defence. White's imposing mass of pawns in the centre often includes pawns on c4, d4, e5, and f4. Grandmaster Nick de Firmian observes of Alekhine's Defence in ''MCO-15'' (2008), "The game immediately loses any sense of symmetry or balance, which makes the opening a good choice for aggressive fighting players."Nick de Firmian, ''Modern Chess Openings, Fifteenth Edition'', 2008, p. 159. . History The opening is named after Alexander Alekhine, who introduced it in the 1921 Budapest tournament in games against Endre Steiner and Fritz Sämisch. Four years later, the editors of the Fourth Edition of ''Modern Chess Openings'' (''MCO-4'') wrote: Nothing is more indicative of the iconoclastic conceptions of the 'hypermodern school' than the bizarre defence introduc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |