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Kogiid
Kogiidae is a family comprising at least two extant species of Cetacea, the pygmy (''Kogia breviceps)'' and dwarf (''K. sima)'' sperm whales. As their common names suggest, they somewhat resemble sperm whales, with squared heads and small lower jaws, but are much smaller in size, with much shorter skulls and more notable dorsal fins than sperm whales. Kogiids are also characterized by a "false gill slit" behind their eyes. A number of genera are extinct. Taxonomy There is some amount of uncertainty over if Kogiidae belongs in the sperm whale family. Research still suggests a close relationship between Kogiidae and sperm whales using mitochondrial DNA, which supports Kogiidae as part of the sperm whale family. This relationship is supported by similarities of the anatomical structures in the read, responsible for sound production, in particular the presence of a spermaceti organ. Other phylogenetic research raises further questions over a potential relationship between kogiids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physeteroidea
Physeteroidea is a superfamily that includes three extant species of whales: the sperm whale, in the genus ''Physeter'', and the pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whale, in the genus ''Kogia''. In the past, these genera have sometimes been united in a single family, the Physeteridae, with the two ''Kogia'' species in the subfamily Kogiinae; however, recent practice is to allocate the genus ''Kogia'' to its own family, the Kogiidae, leaving the Physeteridae as a monotypic (single extant species) family, although additional fossil representatives of both families are known. Characteristics The sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest species of toothed whale, with adult bulls (males) growing to be about long, and weighing about . The two kogiid species are much smaller, around in length, and weighing . The bodies of physeteroids are robustly proportioned, with paddle-shaped flippers. The lower jaw is always relatively small and thin relative to the upper jaw. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sperm Whale Family
Physeteroidea is a superfamily that includes three extant species of whales: the sperm whale, in the genus ''Physeter'', and the pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whale, in the genus ''Kogia''. In the past, these genera have sometimes been united in a single family, the Physeteridae, with the two ''Kogia'' species in the subfamily Kogiinae; however, recent practice is to allocate the genus ''Kogia'' to its own family, the Kogiidae, leaving the Physeteridae as a monotypic (single extant species) family, although additional fossil representatives of both families are known. Characteristics The sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest species of toothed whale, with adult bulls (males) growing to be about long, and weighing about . The two kogiid species are much smaller, around in length, and weighing . The bodies of physeteroids are robustly proportioned, with paddle-shaped flippers. The lower jaw is always relatively small and thin relative to the upper jaw. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kogia Pusilla
''Kogia pusilla'' is an extinct species of sperm whale from the Middle Pliocene of Italy related to the modern day dwarf sperm whale (''K. sima'') and pygmy sperm whale (''K. breviceps''). It is known from a single skull discovered in 1877, and was considered a species of beaked whale until 1997. The skull shares many characteristics with other sperm whales, and is comparable in size to that of the dwarf sperm whale. Like the modern ''Kogia'', it probably hunted squid in the twilight zone, and frequented continental slopes. The environment it inhabited was likely a calm, nearshore area with a combination sandy and hard-rock seafloor. ''K. pusilla'' likely died out due to the ice ages at the end of the Pliocene. Taxonomy The holotype specimen, IGF1540V, comprises an incomplete skull lacking teeth, mandibles, and the right and bottom side of the braincase. It was found in La Rocca locality near the city of Volterra in Tuscany, Italy, an area that is dated to the Middle Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanokogia
''Nanokogia'' is an extinct genus of pygmy sperm whale that lived off the coast of Panama during the Late Miocene. Description ''Nanokogia'' is distinguished from other kogiids in lacking functional teeth in the upper jaw, antorbital notches forming a narrow slit, antorbital notches within the supracranial basin, and the left premaxilla excluded from the sagittal facial crest. The absence of functional teeth is also seen in modern pygmy sperm whales and the extinct genus ''Scaphokogia ''Scaphokogia'' is an extinct genus of pygmy sperm whales that lived off the coasts of Mexico and Peru, South America during the Late Miocene to Late Pliocene. Only the type species ''S. cochlearis'' has been described. Fossils of ''Scaphokogia'' ...''.J. Velez-Juarbe, A. R. Wood, C. Gracia and A. J. W. Hendy. 2015. Evolutionary patterns among living and fossil kogiid sperm whales: Evidence from the Neogene of Central America. PLoS One 10(4):e0123909 Biology ''Nanokogia'' relied on suction-feedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanokogia Isthmia
''Nanokogia'' is an extinct genus of pygmy sperm whale that lived off the coast of Panama during the Late Miocene. Description ''Nanokogia'' is distinguished from other kogiids in lacking functional teeth in the upper jaw, antorbital notches forming a narrow slit, antorbital notches within the supracranial basin, and the left premaxilla excluded from the sagittal facial crest. The absence of functional teeth is also seen in modern pygmy sperm whales and the extinct genus ''Scaphokogia ''Scaphokogia'' is an extinct genus of pygmy sperm whales that lived off the coasts of Mexico and Peru, South America during the Late Miocene to Late Pliocene. Only the type species ''S. cochlearis'' has been described. Fossils of ''Scaphokogia'' ...''.J. Velez-Juarbe, A. R. Wood, C. Gracia and A. J. W. Hendy. 2015. Evolutionary patterns among living and fossil kogiid sperm whales: Evidence from the Neogene of Central America. PLoS One 10(4):e0123909 Biology ''Nanokogia'' relied on suction-feedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pygmy Sperm Whale
The pygmy sperm whale (''Kogia breviceps'') is one of two extant species in the family Kogiidae in the sperm whale superfamily. They are not often sighted at sea, and most of what is known about them comes from the examination of stranded specimens. Taxonomy The pygmy sperm whale was first described by naturalist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville in 1838. He based this on the head of an individual washed up on the coasts of Audierne in France in 1784, which was then stored in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle. He recognized it as a type of sperm whale and assigned it to the same genus as the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus'') as ''Physeter breviceps''. He noted its small size and nicknamed it "''cachalot a tête courte''"–small-headed sperm whale; further, the species name ''breviceps'' is Latin for "short-headed". In 1846, zoologist John Edward Gray erected the genus ''Kogia'' for the pygmy sperm whale as ''Kogia breviceps'', and said it was intermediate between the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kogiopsis
''Kogiopsis'' is a genus of Middle Miocene cetacean from the family Kogiidae. ''Kogiopsis'' had very long teeth, long, without root. These teeth are found mostly in Florida and South Carolina. In addition to its teeth, ''Kogiopsis'' is known primarily from mandibles. The anatomy of the teeth and lower jaws are similar to those of the extinct sperm whale genus, ''Orycterocetus ''Orycteocetus'' is an extinct genus of sperm whale from the Miocene of the northern Atlantic Ocean. Classification ''Orycterocetus'' is a member of Physeteroidea closely related to crown-group sperm whales. The type species, ''O. quadratidens ...''. References External links *http://www.fossilsonline.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=415 *http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=36745 *http://www.blackriverfossils.org/Portals/0/Product/ditchweezil/DSC00746.JPG {{Taxonbar, from=Q6425804 Miocene cetaceans Fossil taxa described in 1929 Sperm whales Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dwarf Sperm Whale
The dwarf sperm whale (''Kogia sima'') is a sperm whale that inhabits temperate and tropical oceans worldwide, in particular continental shelves and slopes. It was first described by biologist Richard Owen in 1866, based on illustrations by naturalist Sir Walter Elliot. The species was considered to be synonymous with the pygmy sperm whale (''Kogia breviceps'') from 1878 until 1998. The dwarf sperm whale is a small whale, and , that has a grey coloration, square head, small jaw, and robust body. Its appearance is very similar to the pygmy sperm whale, distinguished mainly by the position of the dorsal fin on the body–nearer the middle in the dwarf sperm whale and nearer the tail in the other. The dwarf sperm whale is a suction feeder that mainly eats squid, and does this in small pods of typically one to four members. It is preyed upon by the killer whale (''Orcinus orca'') and large sharks such as the great white shark (''Carcharodon carcharius''). When startled, the whal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aprixokogia
''Aprixokogia'' is an extinct genus of cetacean in the family Kogiidae that lived during the Pliocene in what is now North Carolina. It shared its habitat with ancestors of the modern pilot whale and pygmy right whale, as well as sea turtles and ''Pelagornis ''Pelagornis'' is a widespread genus of prehistoric pseudotooth birds. These were probably rather close relatives of either pelicans and storks, or of waterfowl, and are here placed in the order Odontopterygiformes to account for this uncertain ...''. References Sperm whales Miocene cetaceans {{paleo-whale-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aprixokogia Kelloggi
''Aprixokogia'' is an extinct genus of cetacean in the family Kogiidae that lived during the Pliocene in what is now North Carolina. It shared its habitat with ancestors of the modern pilot whale and pygmy right whale, as well as sea turtles and ''Pelagornis ''Pelagornis'' is a widespread genus of prehistoric pseudotooth birds. These were probably rather close relatives of either pelicans and storks, or of waterfowl, and are here placed in the order Odontopterygiformes to account for this uncertain ...''. References Sperm whales Miocene cetaceans {{paleo-whale-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kogiopsis Floridana
''Kogiopsis'' is a genus of Middle Miocene cetacean from the family Kogiidae. ''Kogiopsis'' had very long teeth, long, without root. These teeth are found mostly in Florida and South Carolina. In addition to its teeth, ''Kogiopsis'' is known primarily from mandibles. The anatomy of the teeth and lower jaws are similar to those of the extinct sperm whale genus, ''Orycterocetus ''Orycteocetus'' is an extinct genus of sperm whale from the Miocene of the northern Atlantic Ocean. Classification ''Orycterocetus'' is a member of Physeteroidea closely related to crown-group sperm whales. The type species, ''O. quadratidens ...''. References External links *http://www.fossilsonline.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=415 *http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=36745 *http://www.blackriverfossils.org/Portals/0/Product/ditchweezil/DSC00746.JPG {{Taxonbar, from=Q6425804 Miocene cetaceans Fossil taxa described in 1929 Sperm whales Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
