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Kyōka
''Kyōka'' (, "wild" or "mad poetry") is a popular, parodic subgenre of the tanka form of Japanese poetry with a metre of 5-7-5-7-7. The form flourished during the Edo period (17th–18th centuries) and reached its zenith during the Tenmei era (1781–89). Background In much the way poets in the '' kanshi'' style (Chinese poetry by Japanese poets) wrote humorous ''kyōshi'' poems, poets in the native Japanese ''waka'' style composed humorous poems in the 31-syllable style. Tanaka Rokuo suggests the style may have drawn inspiration from ''gishōka'' (, "playful and mocking verse"), poetry that targeted guests at banquets where they were read out in an atmosphere similar to that of a roast. During the Edo period (17th–19th centuries) there were two major branches of ''kyōka''; one based in Edo (modern Tokyo), and ''Naniwa kyōka'' in the Kansai region. ''Naniwa kyōka'' arose in Kyoto in the 16th century, at first practised by aristocrats such as Matsunaga Teitoku (1571– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ōta Nanpo
was the most oft-used penname of Ōta Tan, a late Edo-period Japanese poet and fiction writer. Ōta Nanpo wrote primarily in the comedic forms of ''kyōshi'', derived from comic Chinese verse, and ''kyōka'', derived from ''waka'' poetry. Ōta Nanpo's pennames also include Yomo no Akara (), Yomo Sanjin, Kyōkaen, and Shokusanjin (). Born into a lower-status samurai family in Edo, Nanpo served the shogunate in various ways throughout his life. He began his literary career as a student of Chinese Ming-dynasty writings, and adapted traditional Chinese comic verse (called ''kyōshi'' in Japanese), under the mentorship of playwright Hiraga Gennai, to daily life in Edo. His first collection of work was called ''Neboke sensei bunshū'', or the Literary Works of Master Groggy. Nanpo soon began to write ''kyōka'', comic ''waka'' verses, as well. His popularity grew in the 1760s and 1770s, as a result of his down-to-earth subject matter and unabashed style. During this time he also wrote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waka (poetry)
is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although ''waka'' in modern Japanese is written as , in the past it was also written as (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is . Etymology The word ''waka'' has two different but related meanings: the original meaning was "poetry in Japanese" and encompassed several genres such as ''chōka'' and ''sedōka'' (discussed below); the later, more common definition refers to poetry in a 5-7-5-7-7 metre. Up to and during the compilation of the ''Man'yōshū'' in the eighth century, the word ''waka'' was a general term for poetry composed in Japanese, and included several genres such as , , and . However, by the time of the '' Kokinshūs compilation at the beginning of the tenth century, all of these forms except for the ''tanka'' and ''chōka'' had effectively gone extinct, and ''chōka'' had significantly diminished in prominence. As a result, the word ''waka'' became effectively synonymous with ''tanka'', and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyōshi
is a form of Japanese poetry using kanji, Chinese characters which was popular around 1770–1800. ''Kyōshi'' avoids typical poetic forms, and often includes humorous expressions and puns on alternate readings or meanings of the same characters. Mostly written by low-ranking samurai and ''chōnin'' (townspeople), the form is closely related to ''kyōka'' (comic waka (poetry), waka), and to ''kyōbun'', a form of prose writing which also uses only Chinese characters. Ōta Nanpo is the best-known of ''kyōshi'' poets; the form was very popular for a short time, but declined quickly and disappeared after the turn of the 19th century. References *Frederic, Louis (2002). "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Japanese poetry {{Japan-lit-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shin Kokin Wakashū
The , also known in abbreviated form as the or even conversationally as the Shin Kokin, is the eighth imperial anthology of waka poetry compiled by the Japanese court, beginning with the ''Kokin Wakashū'' circa 905 and ending with the ''Shinshokukokin Wakashū'' circa 1439. The name can be literally translated as "New Collection of Ancient and Modern Poems" and bears an intentional resemblance to that of the first anthology. Together with the ''Man'yōshū'' and the '' Kokinshū'', the ''Shin Kokinshū'' is widely considered to be one of the three most influential poetic anthologies in Japanese literary history. It was commissioned in 1201 by the retired emperor Go-Toba (r. 1183–1198), who established a new Bureau of Poetry at his Nijō palace with eleven Fellows,Brower 8 headed by Fujiwara no Yoshitsune, for the purpose of conducting poetry contests and compiling the anthology. Despite its emphasis on contemporary poets, the ''Shin Kokinshū'' covered a broader range of poetic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honkadori
In Japanese poetry, is an allusion within a poem to an older poem which would be generally recognized by its potential readers. Honkadori possesses qualities of yūgen and in Japanese art. The concept emerged in the 12th century during the Kamakura period. Honkadori is one of several terms in Japanese poetry used to describe allusion, another being ."''anecdotal allusions to prose literature' "''borrowing words and phrases from earlier prose works'/ref> Context This style of quoting is a common trope in many ancient Japanese works of literature including stories such as '' the Tale of Genji'' and poems such as those found in the '' Kokinshū'' and the ''Shin Kokinshū''. In a narrative story, honkadori are often found in the form of a poem spoken by one of the characters. In a waka poem, this is usually the first line of the poem. Honkadori is not merely a reference to another poem even though lines are sometimes copied word for word. The use of honkadori attempts to affect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makurakotoba
are figures of speech used in Japanese poetry in association with certain words. The set phrase can be thought of as a "pillow" for the noun or verb it describes, although the actual etymology is not fully known. It can also describe associations and allusions to older poems (see ). Many have lost their original meaning but are still used. They are not to be confused with ("poem pillow"), which are a category of poetic words used to add greater mystery and depth to poems. are present in the , one of Japan's earliest chronicles. History and usage are most familiar to modern readers in the , and when they are included in later poetry, it is to make allusions to poems in the . The exact origin of remains contested to this day, though both the and the , two of Japan's earliest chronicles, utilise it as a literary technique. In terms of usage, are often used at the beginning of a poem. The is a similar figure of speech used in poetry, used to introduce a poem. In fact, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saigyō
was a famous Japanese poet of the late Heian and early Kamakura period. Biography Born in Kyoto to a noble family, he lived during the traumatic transition of power between the old court nobles and the new samurai warriors. After the start of the age of Mappō, Buddhism was considered to be in decline and no longer as effective a means of salvation. These cultural shifts during his lifetime led to a sense of melancholy in his poetry. As a youth, he worked as a guard to retired Emperor Toba, but in 1140 at age 22, for reasons now unknown, he quit worldly life to become a monk, taking the religious name . He later took the pen name , meaning “Western Journey”, a reference to Amida Buddha and the Western paradise. He lived alone for long periods in his life in Saga, Mt. Koya, Mt. Yoshino, Ise, and many other places, but he is more known for the many long, poetic journeys he took to Northern Honshū that would later inspire Bashō in his '' Narrow Road to the Interior''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:Category:Japanese Words And Phrases ...
{{Commons Words and phrases by language Words Words Words A word is a basic element of language that carries an objective or practical meaning, can be used on its own, and is uninterruptible. Despite the fact that language speakers often have an intuitive grasp of what a word is, there is no consen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Yoshino
is a mountain located in the town of Yoshino in Yoshino District, Nara Prefecture, Japan that is a major religious and literary site. It is renowned for its cherry blossoms and attracts many visitors every spring, when the trees are in blossom. In 2004, Mount Yoshino was designated as part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name ''Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range''. Mount Yoshino is famous for having more than 30,000 sakura flowering cherry trees. These trees have inspired Japanese ''waka'' poetry and folk songs for centuries, including a ''waka'' in the 10th century poetry compilation ''Kokin Wakashū''. Yoshino is also the subject of several poems in the ''Ogura Hyakunin Isshu''. The 12th century CE Japanese Buddhist poet Saigyō writes of Mount Yoshino's cherry blossoms. Yoshino's cherry trees were planted in four groves at different altitudes, in part so they would come into bloom at different times of the spring. A 1714 account explained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kokkeibon
The was a genre and type of early modern Japanese novel. It came into being late in the Edo period during the 19th century. As a genre, it depicted the comical behavior occurring in commoners' daily lives. The ''kokkeibon'' genre is the successor of the ''dangibon'' genre. Jippensha Ikku's ''Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige'' (1802–1822) is identified as the first representative novel. A less strict definition includes the ''dangibon'' as an "early ''kokkeibon''". ''Kokkeibon'' generally consists of dialogue among the main characters and includes illustrations. The genre was most popular between 1804 and 1830, and is most representative by the works of Jippensha Ikku and Shikitei Sanba. See also *''Gesaku is an alternative style, genre, or school of Japanese literature. In the simplest contemporary sense, any literary work of a playful, mocking, joking, silly or frivolous nature may be called gesaku. Unlike predecessors in the literary field, gesak ...'' References * * E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nara Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of . Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east. Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan. History Nara Prefecture region is considered one of the oldest regions in Japan, having been in existence for thousands of years, and is widely viewed as the Japanese cradle of civilization. Like Kyoto, Nara was one of Imperial Japan's earliest capital cities. The current form of Nara Prefec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
