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Jelly Fungus
Jelly fungi are a paraphyletic group of several heterobasidiomycete fungal orders from different classes of the subphylum Agaricomycotina: Tremellales, Dacrymycetales, Auriculariales and Sebacinales. These fungi are so named because their foliose, irregularly branched fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly. Actually, many are somewhat rubbery and gelatinous. When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to water, they return to their original form. Many species of jelly fungi can be eaten raw; poisonous jelly fungi are rare. However, many species have an unpalatable texture or taste. They may or may not be sought in mushroom hunting due to their taste, which is described as similar to that of soil. However, some species, ''Tremella fuciformis'' for example, are not only edible but prized for use in soup and vegetable dishes. Notable jelly fungi *''Ascocoryne sarcoides'' – jelly drops, purple jellydisc (often mistaken for basidiomycota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascocoryne Sarcoides
''Ascocoryne sarcoides'' is a species of fungus in the family Helotiaceae. The species name is derived from the Greek sarkodes (fleshy). Formerly known as ''Coryne sarcoides'', its taxonomical history has been complicated by the fact that it may adopt both sexual and asexual forms. Colloquially known as jelly drops or the purple jellydisc, this common fungus appears as a gelatinous mass of pinkish or purple-colored discs. Distributed widely in North America, Europe and Asia, ''A. sarcoides'' is a saprobic fungus and grows in clusters on the trunks and branches of a variety of dead woods. Field studies suggest that colonization by ''A. sarcoides'' of the heartwood of black spruce confers some resistance to further infection by rot-causing fungi. ''A. sarcoides'' contains the antibiotic compound ascocorynin, shown in the laboratory to inhibit the growth of several Gram-positive bacteria. Taxonomy The taxonomical history of this fungus has been complicated by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremella Foliacea
''Phaeotremella foliacea'' (synonym ''Tremella foliacea'') is a species of fungus in the family Phaeotremellaceae. It produces brownish, frondose, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) and is parasitic on the mycelium of '' Stereum sanguinolentum'', a fungus that grows on dead attached and recently fallen branches of conifers. It is widespread in north temperate regions. In the UK it has the recommended English name leafy brain and has also been called jelly leaf and brown witch's butter. Prior to 2017, the name ''Tremella foliacea'' was also applied to similar-looking species on broadleaf trees, now distinguished as '' Phaeotremella frondosa'' and ''Phaeotremella fimbriata''. Taxonomy ''Tremella foliacea'' was first published in 1800 by South African-born mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. The name remained in use until molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, showed that ''Tremella foliacea'' was not closely related to the type species of ''Tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudohydnum Gelatinosum
''Pseudohydnum gelatinosum'' is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. It has the recommended English name English names are names used in, or originating in, England. In England as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of a given name, commonly referred to as a first name, and a (most commonly patrilineal) family ... of jelly tooth, with reference to its gelatinous consistency and hydnoid (toothed) undersurface. The species was thought to be cosmopolitan, but recent DNA evidence suggests that it is confined to Europe and northern Asia, with superficially similar but distinct species elsewhere. At least three species occur in North America, but these are currently unnamed. ''P. gelatinosum'' grows on dead conifer wood. The jelly tooth is edible and consumed for food in Bulgaria and Russia. The fungus can be eaten raw. References Auriculariales Fungi described in 1772 Fungi of Asia Fungi of Europe Taxa named by Giovan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myxarium Nucleatum
''Myxarium nucleatum'' (common names crystal brain or granular jelly roll) is a jelly fungus in the family Hyaloriaceae. The sporocarps (fruit bodies) are watery white and gelatinous with small, white, mineral inclusions. It is a common, wood-rotting species in Europe and North America, typically growing on dead attached or fallen branches of broadleaf trees. Taxonomy History The species was originally described by Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wallroth in 1833, who found it growing on hawthorn in Germany. He placed it in his new genus ''Myxarium'' based on its visible white inclusions which he interpreted as spores. Wallroth noted its similarity to ''Naematelia nucleata'', but nonetheless described ''Myxarium nucleatum'' as a new species, using the same epithet. Lewis David von Schweinitz had previously described ''Tremella nucleata'' from the United States, a species that was later transferred to the genus ''Exidia'' by Burt. Many subsequent publications, summarized by Donk (196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlogiotis Helvelloides
''Guepinia'' is a genus of fungus in the Auriculariales order. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species ''Guepinia helvelloides'', commonly known as the apricot jelly. The fungus produces salmon-pink, ear-shaped, gelatinous fruit bodies that grow solitarily or in small tufted groups on soil, usually associated with buried rotting wood. The fruit bodies are tall and up to wide; the stalks are not well-differentiated from the cap. The fungus, although rubbery, is edible, and may be eaten raw with salads, pickled, or candied. It has a white spore deposit, and the oblong to ellipsoid spores measure 9–11 by 5–6 micrometers. The fungus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, and has also been collected from South America. Taxonomy The species was first described and illustrated as ''Tremella rufa'' by Nicolaus Joseph von Jacquin in 1778. Elias Magnus Fries later (1828) called it ''Guepinia helvelloides'' in his ''Elenchus Fungorum'', based on Augustin Pyr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guepiniopsis Alpina
''Guepiniopsis alpina'', commonly known as the jelly cup, alpine jelly cone, or poor man's gumdrop, is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. The small, gelatinous Fruit bodies are orange and cone or cup shaped. Found in western North America and Iran, the fungus grows on decaying conifer wood. Taxonomy The fungus was first described in 1901 by Samuel Mills Tracy and Franklin Sumner Earle under the name ''Guepinia alpina'' in 1901. It was later transferred to ''Heterotextus'' in 1932, and then to '' Guepiniopsis'' in 1938. It is commonly known as the "jelly cup", "alpine jelly cone", or "poor man's gumdrop". Description The fruit bodies are cone-shaped, measuring up to in diameter, and hang from a narrow attachment to the substrate. They are bright yellow to orange, with a gelatinous texture and a smooth and sticky surface on top, but have external hairs. Dried fruit bodies deepen to reddish-orange and become hard. Basidiospores are produced on the inner surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidia Recisa
''Exidia recisa'' (common name willow brain or amber jelly roll) is a jelly fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. It is a common, wood-rotting species throughout the northern hemisphere, typically growing on dead attached twigs and branches of willow and other broadleaf trees. Taxonomy The species was originally found growing on willow in Germany and was described in 1813 by L.P.F. Ditmar as ''Tremella recisa''. It was transferred to the genus ''Exidia'' by Fries in 1822. ''Tremella salicum'' (the epithet means "of willow") has long been considered a synonym. The epithet "recisa" means "cut-off", with reference to the shape of the fruit bodies. Description ''Exidia recisa'' forms orange-brown or amber, gelatinous fruit bodies that are firm and shallowly conical at first, becoming lax and pendulous with age, and around 2.5 cm (1 in) across. The fruit bodies typically grow gregariously, but do not normally coalesce. The upper, spore-bearing surface is smooth and shiny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidia Glandulosa
''Exidia glandulosa'' (common names black witches' butter, black jelly roll, or warty jelly fungus) is a jelly fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. It is a common, wood-rotting species in Europe, typically growing on dead attached branches of oak. The fruit bodies are up to wide, shiny, black and blister-like, and grow singly or in clusters. Its occurrence elsewhere is uncertain because of confusion with the related species, ''Exidia nigricans''. Taxonomy The species was originally described from France as ''Tremella glandulosa'' by Bulliard in 1789. It was subsequently placed in ''Exidia'' by Fries in 1822. Fries, however, modified Bulliard's species concept to include a second, effused, coalescing species—the name ''Exidia glandulosa'' serving for both. This combined concept was used until Neuhoff separated the two species in 1936. Unfortunately, Neuhoff gave the name ''Exidia glandulosa'' to the effused species, adopting the name ''Exidia truncata'' for Bulliard's origina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacryopinax Spathularia
''Dacryopinax spathularia'' is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are gelatinous, frequently spathulate (spoon-shaped), and grow on wood, mainly in the tropics and subtropics. The fungus is edible and is commercially cultivated for use as an additive in the food industry. Taxonomy The species was first described as ''Merulius spathularius'' by German-American mycologist Lewis David de Schweinitz based on a collection from North Carolina in the United States. It was moved to the newly created genus ''Dacryopinax'' by American mycologist G.W. Martin in 1948 in recognition of its fruit bodies' frequently spathulate shape. Microscopically, however, the species is not typical of the genus and this has been confirmed by recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences. ''Dacryopinax spathularia'' is not closely related to the type species (''Dacryopinax elegans'') and belongs elsewhere. It has been placed in a widely d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacrymyces Palmatus
''Dacrymyces chrysospermus'' is a species of jelly fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. In the UK it has the recommended English name of orange jelly spot; in North America it is known as orange jelly or orange witch's butter. The species is saprotrophic and grows on dead coniferous wood. Basidiocarps are gelatinous, bright orange, and extremely variable in shape, but typically stoutly stipitate with a spoon- or cup-shaped, spore-bearing head. They are frequently erumpent in groups, often coalescing to form complex masses up to across. ''Dacrymyces chrysospermus'' was originally described from New England, but is said to have a worldwide distribution. Microscopically it is distinguished from most other species of '' Dacrymyces'' by its comparatively large (18–23 by 6.5–8 µm), 7-septate basidiospores A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically eac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calocera Viscosa
''Calocera viscosa'', commonly known as the yellow stagshorn, is a jelly fungus, a member of the Dacrymycetales, an order of fungi characterized by their unique "tuning fork" basidia. It has bright orange, yellow or occasionally white branching basidiocarps, which are somewhat gelatinous in texture and slimy to the touch (hence the specific name). It is relatively large for a jelly fungus, and can reach up to ten centimetres in height. It is widespread and common, and its bright colour makes it stand out in its habitat. It grows on decaying conifer wood, typically stumps and roots, although this may not be obvious if the wood is covered in leaf litter. It fruits throughout the year, but is most commonly seen in autumn. It is not poisonous, but its tough gelatinous texture and nondescript taste and odour make it unattractive as a food. However, its striking colour has led to it being used as a garnish on occasion.http://www.mushroomdiary.co.uk/2011/10/yellow-stagshorn-fungus/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
