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Inetd
inetd (internet service daemon) is a super-server Daemon (computer software), daemon on many Unix systems that provides Internet services. For each configured service, it listens for requests from connecting clients. Requests are served by spawning a process which runs the appropriate executable, but simple services such as ''echo'' are served by inetd itself. External executables, which are run on request, can be single- or multi-threaded. First appearing in BSD, 4.3BSD, it is generally located at /usr/sbin/inetd. inetd is based on the (service) activator pattern Function Often called a super-server, inetd listens on designated TCP and UDP port, ports used by Internet services such as File Transfer Protocol, FTP, POP3, and telnet. When a Transmission Control Protocol, TCP packet or User Datagram Protocol, UDP packet arrives with a particular destination port number, inetd launches the appropriate server program to handle the connection. For services that are not expected to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xinetd
In computer networking, xinetd (''Extended Internet Service Daemon'') is an open-source software, open-source super-server Daemon (computer software), daemon which runs on many Unix-like operating system, systems, and manages Internet-based connectivity. It offers a more secure alternative to the older inetd ("the Internet daemon"), which most modern Linux distributions have deprecated. Description xinetd listens for incoming requests over a network and launches the appropriate Network service, service for that request. Requests are made using port numbers as identifiers and xinetd usually launches another Daemon (computing), daemon to handle the request. It can be used to start services with both privileged and non-privileged port numbers. xinetd features access control mechanisms such as TCP Wrapper Access control list, ACLs, extensive data logging, logging capabilities, and the ability to make Service (systems architecture), services available based on time. It can place ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daemon (computer Software)
In computing, a daemon is a program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Customary convention is to name a daemon process with the letter ''d'' as a suffix to indicate that it's a daemon. For example, is a daemon that implements system logging facility, and is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections. Even though the concept can apply to many computing systems, the term ''daemon'' is used almost exclusively in the context of Unix-based systems. In other contexts, different terms are used for the same concept. Systems often start daemons at boot time that will respond to network requests, hardware activity, or other programs by performing some task. Daemons such as cron may also perform defined tasks at scheduled times. Terminology In the context of computing, the word is generally pronounced either as or . The term was coined by the programmers at MIT's Project MAC. According to Fernando J. Corbat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Launchd
launchd is an init and operating system service management daemon created by Apple Inc. as part of macOS to replace its BSD-style init and SystemStarter. There have been efforts to port launchd to FreeBSD and derived systems. Components There are two main programs in the launchd system: launchd and launchctl. ''launchd'' manages the daemons at both a system and user level. Similar to xinetd, launchd can start daemons on demand. Similar to watchdogd, launchd can monitor daemons to make sure that they keep running. launchd also has replaced init as PID 1 on macOS and as a result it is responsible for starting the system at boot time. Configuration files define the parameters of services run by launchd. Stored in the LaunchAgents and LaunchDaemons subdirectories of the Library folders, the property list-based files have approximately thirty different keys that can be set. launchd itself has no knowledge of these configuration files or any ability to read them - that is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Super-server
A super-server, sometimes called a service dispatcher, is a type of Daemon (computer software), daemon run generally on Unix-like systems. Usage A super-server starts other Server (computing), servers when needed, normally with access to them checked by a TCP Wrapper, TCP wrapper. It uses very few resources when in idle state. This can be ideal for workstations used for local web development, client/server development or low-traffic daemons with occasional usage (such as ident protocol, ident and Secure Shell, SSH). Performance The creation of an Process (computing), operating system process embodying the sub-daemon is deferred until an incoming connection for the sub-daemon arrives. This results in a delay to the handling of the connection (in comparison to a connection handled by an already-running process). Whether this delay is incurred repeatedly for every incoming connection depends on the design of the particular sub-daemon; simple daemons usually require a separate s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Systemd
systemd is a software suite that provides an array of system components for Linux operating systems. The main aim is to unify service configuration and behavior across Linux distributions. Its primary component is a "system and service manager" — an init system used to Bootstrapping, bootstrap user space and manage process (computing), user processes. It also provides replacements for various Daemon (computing), daemons and utilities, including device management, login management, network connection management, and event logging. The name ''systemd'' adheres to the Unix convention of naming daemons by appending the letter ''d''. It also plays on the term "System D", which refers to a person's ability to adapt quickly and improvise to solve problems. Since 2015, the majority of Linux distributions have adopted systemd, having replaced other init systems such as SysV init. It has been praised by developers and users of distributions that adopted it for providing a stable, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AF NETLINK
Netlink is a socket family used for inter-process communication (IPC) between both the kernel and userspace processes, and between different userspace processes, in a way similar to the Unix domain sockets available on certain Unix-like operating systems, including its original incarnation as a Linux kernel interface, as well as in the form of a later implementation on FreeBSD. Similarly to the Unix domain sockets, and unlike INET sockets, Netlink communication cannot traverse host boundaries. However, while the Unix domain sockets use the file system namespace, Netlink sockets are usually addressed by process identifiers (PIDs). Netlink is designed and used for transferring miscellaneous networking information between the kernel space and userspace processes. Networking utilities, such as the iproute2 family and the utilities used for configuring mac80211-based wireless drivers, use Netlink to communicate with the Linux kernel from userspace. Netlink provides a standard soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AF UNIX
A Unix domain socket (UDS), a.k.a. local socket, a.k.a. inter-process communication (IPC) socket, is a communication endpoint for exchanging data between processes executing in the same Unix or Unix-like operating system. The name, ''Unix domain socket'', refers to the domain argument value AF_UNIX that is passed to the function that creates a socket system resource. The same communication domain is also selected by AF_LOCAL. Valid type argument values for a UDS are: * SOCK_STREAM (compare to TCP) – for a stream-oriented socket * SOCK_DGRAM (compare to UDP) – for a datagram-oriented socket that preserves message boundaries (as on most UNIX implementations, UNIX domain datagram sockets are always reliable and don't reorder datagrams) * SOCK_SEQPACKET (compare to SCTP) – for a sequenced-packet socket that is connection-oriented, preserves message boundaries, and delivers messages in the order that they were sent The UDS facility is a standard component of a POSIX operating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AF INET
A Berkeley (BSD) socket is an application programming interface (API) for Internet domain sockets and Unix domain sockets, used for inter-process communication (IPC). It is commonly implemented as a library of linkable modules. It originated with the 4.2BSD Unix operating system, which was released in 1983. A socket is an abstract representation (handle) for the local endpoint of a network communication path. The Berkeley sockets API represents it as a file descriptor in the Unix philosophy that provides a common interface for input and output to streams of data. Berkeley sockets evolved with little modification from a ''de facto'' standard into a component of the POSIX specification. The term POSIX sockets is essentially synonymous with ''Berkeley sockets'', but they are also known as BSD sockets, acknowledging the first implementation in the Berkeley Software Distribution. History and implementations Berkeley sockets originated with the 4.2BSD Unix operating system, released ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Httpd
HTTPd is a software program that usually runs in the background (i.e. a so-called "daemon"), as a process, and plays the role of a server in a client–server model using the HTTP and/or HTTPS network protocol(s). The process waits for the incoming client requests and for each request it answers by replying with requested information, including the sending of the requested web resource, or with an HTTP error message. HTTPd stands for ''Hypertext Transfer Protocol daemon''. It usually is the main software part of an HTTP server better known as a web server. Some commonly used implementations are: * Apache HTTP Server * BusyBox httpd * Lighttpd HTTP server * Nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server * OpenBSD's httpd (since OpenBSD 5.6) See also * Web server A web server is computer software and underlying Computer hardware, hardware that accepts requests via Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP (the network protocol created to distribute web content) or its secure varian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mac OS X V10
Mac or MAC may refer to: Common meanings * Mac (computer), a line of personal computers made by Apple Inc. * Mackintosh, a raincoat made of rubberized cloth * Mac, a Celtic onomastics, prefix to surnames derived from Gaelic languages * McIntosh (apple), a Canadian apple cultivar Arts and entertainment Fictional entities * Mac (Green Wing), Mac (''Green Wing''), a television character * Mac (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia), Mac (''It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia''), a television character * Mac Gargan, an enemy of Spider-Man * Mac, a List of Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends characters, character on ''Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends'' * Angus "Mac" MacGyver, from the television series ''MacGyver'' * Cindy "Mac" Mackenzie, from the TV series ''Veronica Mars'' * Lt. Col. Sarah MacKenzie, from the TV series ''JAG'' * Dr. Terrence McAfferty, from Robert Muchamore's ''CHERUB'' and ''Henderson's Boys'' novel series * Mac McAnnally, in ''The Dresden Files'' series * Randle Mc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mac OS X
macOS, previously OS X and originally Mac OS X, is a Unix, Unix-based operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple since 2001. It is the current operating system for Apple's Mac (computer), Mac computers. Within the market of Desktop computer, desktop and laptop computers, it is the Usage share of operating systems#Desktop and laptop computers, second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows and ahead of all Linux distributions, including ChromeOS and SteamOS. , the most recent release of macOS is MacOS Sequoia, macOS 15 Sequoia, the 21st major version of macOS. Mac OS X succeeded classic Mac OS, the primary Mac operating systems, Macintosh operating system from 1984 to 2001. Its underlying architecture came from NeXT's NeXTSTEP, as a result of NeXT#1997–2006: Acquisition by Apple, Apple's acquisition of NeXT, which also brought Steve Jobs back to Apple. The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released on March 24, 2001. Mac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linux
Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, packaged as a Linux distribution (distro), which includes the kernel and supporting system software and library (computing), libraries—most of which are provided by third parties—to create a complete operating system, designed as a clone of Unix and released under the copyleft GPL license. List of Linux distributions, Thousands of Linux distributions exist, many based directly or indirectly on other distributions; popular Linux distributions include Debian, Fedora Linux, Linux Mint, Arch Linux, and Ubuntu, while commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise, and ChromeOS. Linux distributions are frequently used in server platforms. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
