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Hydraulic Drop
A hydraulic drop is a type of local phenomena found in open channel flow. It is a rapid change in the depth of flow from a high stage to a low stage that results in a steep depression in the water surface. It is often caused by an abrupt change in the channel slope. Another type of local phenomena found in an open channel flow is the hydraulic jump A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways. When liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in .... References Chow, V. T. (2008). Open-channel hydraulics. Caldwell, New Jersey: Blackburn Press. Hydraulics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Channel Flow
In fluid mechanics and hydraulics, open-channel flow is a type of liquid flow within a conduit with a free surface, known as a channel. The other type of flow within a conduit is pipe flow. These two types of flow are similar in many ways but differ in one important respect: open-channel flow has a free surface, whereas pipe flow does not. Classifications of flow Open-channel flow can be classified and described in various ways based on the change in flow depth with respect to time and space. The fundamental types of flow dealt with in open-channel hydraulics are: * Time as the criterion ** ''Steady flow'' *** The depth of flow does not change over time, or if it can be assumed to be constant during the time interval under consideration. ** ''Unsteady flow'' *** The depth of flow does change with time. * Space as the criterion ** ''Uniform flow'' *** The depth of flow is the same at every section of the channel. Uniform flow can be steady or unsteady, depending on whether or not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stream Channel
In physical geography, a channel is a type of landform consisting of the outline of a path of relatively shallow and narrow body of water or of other fluids (e.g., lava), most commonly the confine of a river, river delta or strait. The word is cognate to canal, and sometimes takes this form, e.g. the Hood Canal. Formation Channel initiation refers to the site on a mountain slope where water begins to flow between identifiable banks.Bierman, R. B, David R. Montgomery (2014). Key Concepts in Geomorphology. W. H. Freeman and Company Publishers. United States. This site is referred to as the channel head and it marks an important boundary between hillslope processes and fluvial processes. The channel head is the most upslope part of a channel network and is defined by flowing water between defined identifiable banks. A channel head forms as overland flow and/or subsurface flow accumulate to a point where shear stress can overcome erosion resistance of the ground surface. Channel hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydraulic Jump
A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways. When liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in the liquid surface. The rapidly flowing liquid is abruptly slowed and increases in height, converting some of the flow's initial kinetic energy into an increase in potential energy, with some energy irreversibly lost through turbulence to heat. In an open channel flow, this manifests as the fast flow rapidly slowing and piling up on top of itself similar to how a shockwave forms. It was first observed and documented by Leonardo da Vinci in the 1500s. The mathematics were first described by Giorgio Bidone of Turin University when he published a paper in 1820 called ''Experiences sur le remou et sur la propagation des ondes''. The phenomenon is dependent upon the initial fluid speed. If the initial speed of the fluid is below the critical s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
