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Heterolobosea
The Percolozoa are a group of colourless, non-photosynthetic Excavata, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and cyst stages. Characteristics Most Percolozoa are found as bacterivores in soil, fresh water and occasionally in the ocean. The only member of this group that is infectious to humans is ''Naegleria fowleri'', the causative agent of the often fatal disease amoebic meningitis. The group is closely related to the Euglenozoa, and share with them the unusual characteristic of having mitochondria with discoid cristae. The presence of a ventral feeding groove in the flagellate stage, as well as other features, suggests that they are part of the Excavata group. The amoeboid stage is roughly cylindrical, typically around 20-40 μm in length. They are traditionally considered lobose amoebae, but are not related to the others, and unlike them, do not form true lobose pseudopods. Instead, they advance by eruptive waves, where hemispherical bulges appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psalteriomonas
''Psalteriomonas'' is a genus of excavates in the group of Heterolobosea The Percolozoa are a group of colourless, non-photosynthetic Excavata, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and cyst stages. Characteristics Most Percolozoa are found as bacterivores in soil, fresh water and occasionall .... The genus was first discovered and named in 1990. It contains amoeboflagellate cells that live in freshwater anaerobic sediments all over the world. The microtubule-organizing ribbon and the associated microfibrillar bundles of the mastigote system is the predominant feature in Psalteriomonas. This harp-shaped complex gives rise to the name of this genus. ''Psalteriomonas''forms an endosymbiotic relationship with methanogenic bacteria, especially with ''Methanobacterium formicicum'' There are currently three species in this genus: ''P. lanterna'', ''P. vulgaris'', and ''P. magna''. Etymology The name of the genus ''Psalteriomonas'' comes from the word ''psa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excavata
Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms belonging to the domain Eukaryota. It was first suggested by Simpson and Patterson in 1999 and introduced by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002 as a formal taxon. It contains a variety of free-living and symbiotic forms, and also includes some important parasites of humans, including ''Giardia'' and ''Trichomonas''. Excavates were formerly considered to be included in the now obsolete Protista kingdom. They are classified based on their flagellar structures, and they are considered to be the most basal flagellate lineage. Phylogenomic analyses split the members of Excavata into three different and not all closely related groups: Discobids, Metamonads and Malawimonads. Except for Euglenozoa, they are all non-photosynthetic. Characteristics Most excavates are unicellular, heterotrophic flagellates. Only the Euglenozoa are photosynthetic. In some (particularly anaerobic intestinal parasites), the mitochondria have been greatly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruberellidae
Gruberellidae is a family of Heterolobosea The Percolozoa are a group of colourless, non-photosynthetic Excavata, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and cyst stages. Characteristics Most Percolozoa are found as bacterivores in soil, fresh water and occasionall ..., Its nucleolus fragments during mitosis, can be uni or multinucleated, has flagellated forms in genera ''Stachyamoeba''. ''Gruberella'', ''Stachyamoeba''. References ADL, S. M., SIMPSON, A. G. B., FARMER, M. A., ANDERSEN, R. A., ANDERSON, O. R., BARTA, J. R., BOWSER, S. S., BRUGEROLLE, G., FENSOME, R. A., FREDERICQ, S., JAMES, T. Y., KARPOV, S., KUGRENS, P., KRUG, J., LANE, C. E., LEWIS, L. A., LODGE, J., LYNN, D. H., MANN, D. G., MCCOURT, R. M., MENDOZA, L., MOESTRUP, Ø., MOZLEY-STANDRIDGE, S. E., NERAD, T. A., SHEARER, C. A., SMIRNOV, A. V., SPIEGEL, F. W. and TAYLOR, M. F. J. R. (2005), The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists. Journal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoeboid
An amoeba (; less commonly spelled ameba or amœba; plural ''am(o)ebas'' or ''am(o)ebae'' ), often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism with the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods. Amoebae do not form a single taxonomic group; instead, they are found in every major lineage of eukaryotic organisms. Amoeboid cells occur not only among the protozoa, but also in fungi, algae, and animals. Microbiologists often use the terms "amoeboid" and "amoeba" interchangeably for any organism that exhibits amoeboid movement. In older classification systems, most amoebae were placed in the class or subphylum Sarcodina, a grouping of single-celled organisms that possess pseudopods or move by protoplasmic flow. However, molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Sarcodina is not a monophyletic group whose members share common descent. Consequently, amoeboid organisms are no longer classified together in one group.Jan Pawlow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizopyrenida
Schizopyrenida is an order of Heterolobosea. It contains ''Naegleria fowleri ''Naegleria fowleri'', colloquially known as a "brain-eating amoeba", is a species of the genus ''Naegleria'', belonging to the phylum Percolozoa, which is technically not classified as true amoeba, but a shapeshifting amoeboflagellate excava ...''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q1660570 Percolozoa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vahlkampfiidae
Vahlkampfiidae is a family of Heterolobosea. It includes the following genera: * '' Monopylocystis'' * ''Naegleria'' * '' Neovahlkampfia'' * '' Paravahlkampfia'' * ''Psalteriomonas'' * '' Sawyeria'' * '' Tetramitus'' * ''Vahlkampfia'' * '' Willaertia'' See also *Gruberellidae Gruberellidae is a family of Heterolobosea The Percolozoa are a group of colourless, non-photosynthetic Excavata, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and cyst stages. Characteristics Most Percolozoa are found as bact ... References Further reading Percolozoa Excavata families {{Excavata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percolomonas
''Percolomonas'' is a genus of free-living flagellate Heteroloboseans, forming a clade with ''Stephanopogon''. The genus includes six described species (see infobox). However, ''P. cosmopolitus'' is likely a species complex containing multiple cryptic species of extremely similar morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines * Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts * Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies ... but significant genetic divergence. References Percolozoa Excavata genera {{Excavata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vahlkampfia
''Vahlkampfia'' is a genus of amoeboids in Heterolobosea The Percolozoa are a group of colourless, non-photosynthetic Excavata, including many that can transform between amoeboid, flagellate, and cyst stages. Characteristics Most Percolozoa are found as bacterivores in soil, fresh water and occasionall .... References Further reading *Brown, Susan; De Jonckheere, Johan F. (Feb. 25, 1999). "A reevaluation of the amoeba genus Vahlkampfia based on SSUrDNA sequences". ''European Journal of Protistology'' 35 (1):49-54. doi:10.1016/S0932-4739(99)80021-2 * * Percolozoa Excavata genera {{Excavata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrasid
The family Acrasidae (ICZN, or Acrasiomycota, ICBN) is a family of slime molds which belongs to the excavate group Percolozoa. The name element - comes from the Greek ''akrasia'', meaning "acting against one's judgement". This group consists of cellular slime molds. Some would also consider it as a kingdom unto itself, but the debate is as yet unsettled. The terms "Acrasiomycota" or "Acrasiomycetes" have been used when the group was classified as a fungus ("-mycota"). In some classifications, ''Dictyostelium'' was placed in Acrasiomycetes, an artificial group of cellular slime molds, which was characterized by the aggregation of individual amoebae into a multicellular fruiting body, making it an important factor that related the acrasids to the dictyostelids. Reproduction When resources such as water or food become limiting, the amoeba will release pheromones such as acrasin to aggregate amoebal cells in preparation for movement as a large (thousands of cells) grex or pseud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyromonas
Lyromonas is a genus of Excavata unicellular organism A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of a single cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells. Organisms fall into two general categories: prokaryotic organisms and .... It has one known species, ''psalteriomonas vulgaris''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2031440 Percolozoa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudopods
A pseudopod or pseudopodium (plural: pseudopods or pseudopodia) is a temporary arm-like projection of a eukaryotic cell membrane that is emerged in the direction of movement. Filled with cytoplasm, pseudopodia primarily consist of actin filaments and may also contain microtubules and intermediate filaments. Pseudopods are used for motility and ingestion. They are often found in amoebas. Different types of pseudopodia can be classified by their distinct appearances. Lamellipodia are broad and thin. Filopodia are slender, thread-like, and are supported largely by microfilaments. Lobopodia are bulbous and amoebic. Reticulopodia are complex structures bearing individual pseudopodia which form irregular nets. Axopodia are the phagocytosis type with long, thin pseudopods supported by complex microtubule arrays enveloped with cytoplasm; they respond rapidly to physical contact. Some pseudopodial cells are able to use multiple types of pseudopodia depending on the situation: Most of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagellate
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word ''flagellate'' also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the organisms that possess flagella. However, the term "flagellate" is included in other terms (such as "dinoflagellate" and "choanoflagellata") which are more formally characterized. Form and behavior Flagella in eukaryotes are supported by microtubules in a characteristic arrangement, with nine fused pairs surrounding two central singlets. These arise from a basal body. In some flagellates, flagella direct food into a cytostome or mouth, where food is ingested. Flagella often support hairs, called mastigonemes, or contain rods. Their ultrastructure plays an important role in classifying eukaryotes. Among protoctists and microscopic anima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
