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Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor
The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (abbreviated HCA receptor and HCAR) family includes the following human proteins: * Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1, formerly known as GPR81) * Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2, formerly known as niacin receptor 1 and GPR109A) * Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA3), also known as niacin receptor 2 (NIACR2) and GPR109B, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''HCAR3'' gene. HCA3, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA1 and HCA2, is a G protein-c ... (HCA3, formerly known as niacin receptor 2 and GPR109B) {{sia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 1
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1), formerly known as G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCAR1'' gene. HCA1, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA2 and HCA3, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonist of HCA1 is lactic acid (and its conjugate base, lactate). Lactate activates HCA1, which in turn inhibits lipolysis in fat cell Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat. Adipocytes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells which give rise to adipocytes through adipogenesis. I ...s. References Further reading * * * G protein-coupled receptors {{gene-12-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 2
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2), also known as niacin receptor 1 (NIACR1) and GPR109A, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''HCAR2'' gene. HCA2, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA1 and HCA3, is a Gi/o-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonists of HCA2 are -β-hydroxybutyric acid and butyric acid (and their conjugate bases, β-hydroxybutyrate and butyrate). HCA2 is also a high-affinity biomolecular target for niacin (aka nicotinic acid). HCA2 activation inhibits lipolytic and atherogenic activity (i.e., it inhibits the breakdown of fats and the development of atherosclerosis), induces vasodilation (i.e., the dilation of blood vessels), and is responsible for mediating niacin-induced flushing. Function HCA2 is a high-affinity Gi/ Go-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for nicotinic acid (niacin), and is a member of the nicotinic acid receptor family of GPCRs. HCA2 activation inhibits lipolytic and at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |