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Hatun
Hatun or Khatun ( otk, 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Katun, ota, خاتون, Hatun or قادین ''Kadın'', uz, xotin, fa, خاتون ''khātūn''; Mongolian: , ''khatun'', хатан ''khatan''; ur, خاتون, hi, ख़ातून '; bn, খাতুন; Sylheti: ; tr, hatun; az, xatun; pa, ਖਾਤੂਨ , ) is a female title of nobility and counterpart to " khan" or " Khagan" prominently used in the Turkic Khaganates and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. Honorific In the Ottoman period, the term ''hatun'' was used as an honorific for women, roughly equivalent to the English term '' lady'' and a variant spelling of ''khatun''. Like most Turkish honorifics, it is used after the first name. Women traditionally addressed as ''hatun'' include: * Börte, wife of Genghis Khan * Buluqhan Khatun, wife of Abaqa Khan * Bulugan, wife of Temur Khan * Chabi, wife of Kublai Khan * Despina Khatun * Doquz Khatun, wife of Hulagu Khan * Erketü Qatun, wife of Altan Khan * Mandukhai Khatun, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatun
Hatun or Khatun ( otk, 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Katun, ota, خاتون, Hatun or قادین ''Kadın'', uz, xotin, fa, خاتون ''khātūn''; Mongolian: , ''khatun'', хатан ''khatan''; ur, خاتون, hi, ख़ातून '; bn, খাতুন; Sylheti: ; tr, hatun; az, xatun; pa, ਖਾਤੂਨ , ) is a female title of nobility and counterpart to " khan" or " Khagan" prominently used in the Turkic Khaganates and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. Honorific In the Ottoman period, the term ''hatun'' was used as an honorific for women, roughly equivalent to the English term '' lady'' and a variant spelling of ''khatun''. Like most Turkish honorifics, it is used after the first name. Women traditionally addressed as ''hatun'' include: * Börte, wife of Genghis Khan * Buluqhan Khatun, wife of Abaqa Khan * Bulugan, wife of Temur Khan * Chabi, wife of Kublai Khan * Despina Khatun * Doquz Khatun, wife of Hulagu Khan * Erketü Qatun, wife of Altan Khan * Mandukhai Khatun, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Despina Khatun
Theodora Megale Komnene ( el, Θεοδώρα Μεγάλη Κομνηνή), also known as Despina Khatun ( fa, دسپینا خاتون; from the Greek title ''despoina'' and Turco-Mongol title ''khatun'', both meaning "lady, princess, queen"), was the daughter of John IV of Trebizond and Bagrationi who married the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan in 1458. She became the mother of Halima who became the mother of first Safavid king, Shah Ismail I. Some older writers refer to her as "Catherine". Charles Diehl has shown that it was based on Du Cange’s misunderstanding of the Mongol title "Khatun" as "Catherine". John IV agreed to the marriage only if his daughter was allowed to continue her Orthodox Christian religion, a condition which Uzun Hasan agreed upon. Despina was famous for her extreme beauty amongst the Greek women. She was accompanied by a group of Orthodox Christian priests and was allowed to build Orthodox churches in Iran. Uzun Hasan strengthened his anti-Ottoman allianc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khatun
Khatun ( Mongolian: хатан; otk, 𐰴𐰍𐰣, katun; ota, خاتون, hatun or قادین ''kadın''; fa, خاتون ''khātūn''; ; hi, ख़ातून ') is a female title of nobility and counterpart to " khan" or "Khagan" prominently used in the Turkic Khaganates and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. Etymology and history Before the advent of Islam in Central Asia, Khatun was the title of the queen of Bukhara. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, "Khatun sa title of Sogdian origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the Göktürks and subsequent Turkish rulers." According to Bruno De Nicola in ''Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206-1335'', the linguistic origins of the term “khatun” are unknown, though possibly of Old Turkic or Sogdian origin. De Nicola states that prior to the spread of the Mongols across Central Asia, Khatun meant ‘lady’ or ‘noblewoman’ and is found in broad usage in medieval Persian and Arabic texts. Peter Benjamin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulugan
Bulugan or Bulukhan (,; ) was a Mongol princess, the consort of Yuan emperor Temür Khan (r. 1294–1307). Bulugan acted as regent for her ill husband and virtually ruled the empire. Biography She belonged to the Baya'ut tribe, the daughter of Torgus Küregen who had served Genghis Khan. She was made empress following Shirindari's death in 1299. Bulugan acted as regent for her ill husband and virtually ruled the empire. She made her son Prince Dashi the heir apparent in June 1305. To ensure the boy's succession, she removed all the potential rivals from the court. For example, Darmabala's son Ayurbarwada was sent to Henan as the prince of Huaining.''The Cambridge History of China'': "Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368", p.505 But Dashi died in January 1306. Later life Later in 1307 when Temür Khan died, Bulugan kept away the Khunggirad-mothered brothers of Khaishan and Ayurbarwada and attempted to set up Muslim Ananda, son of Manggala as new khagan. Bulugan hersel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Momine Khatun
Momine Khatun Mausoleum (or Mu'mine Khatun) is a 12th century mausoleum located in the city of Nakchivan in Azerbaijan. The mausoleums of Nakhchivan were nominated for the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites in 1998 by Gulnara Mehmandarova, the president of the Azerbaijan Committee of ICOMOS. History Momine Khatun Mausoleum, a monument of the Azerbaijani architecture (monuments of the architectural school of Nakhichevan – Maragha) was built in the west part of Nakhchivan city (within the Atabek Complex of Architecture in Nakhchivan city’s historical centre) in 1186. The mausoleum is the only monument that has reached our era from that complex. Shamsaddin Eldaniz, the founder of the Azerbaijan Atabaylar state (Eldiguzids) initiated to erect a mausoleum on the grave of his wife Momine Khatun. However, its construction was finished by Mahammad Jahan Pahlavan, the son of Shamsaddin Eldeniz, in A.H. 582, in the Maharram month (April 1186). According to some investigators, Shams ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dayan Khan
Dayan Khan ( mn, Даян Хаан; Mongol script: ; ), born Batumöngke ( mn, Батмөнх; ), (1472–1517) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1479 to 1517. During his rule, he reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid supremacy. His reigning title, "Dayan", means "the whole" or "Long lasting" in Mongolian language as he was the longest reigning khaan of the unified Mongols. Dayan Khan and his queen, Mandukhai, eliminated Oirat power and abolished the taishi system used by both local and foreign warlords. Dayan Khan's victory at Dalan Tergin reunified the Mongols and solidified their identity as Chinggisid people. His decision to divide the Six tumens of Eastern Mongolia as fiefs for his sons created decentralized but stable Borjigin rule over the Mongolian Plateau for a century. Childhood It is claimed that Batumongke was the son of Bayanmongke (Bayanmunh) ( fl. 1470–1479) the Bolkhu jinong (or crown prince/viceroy) of the Borjigin clan and Shiker Tai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandukhai Khatun
Mandukhai Khatun ( mn, Мандухай хатан, ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ), also known as Mandukhai Setsen Khatun ( mn, Мандухай сэцэн хатан, en, Queen Mandukhai the Wise, ) (c. 1449 – 1510) was a Khatun (queen) of the Northern Yuan. With her second husband Batmunkh Dayan Khan, she helped reunite the warring Mongols. Early life Mandukhai was the only daughter of Chororsbai-Tumur, ''chingsang'' (grand councillor) of the Ongud Mongols in eastern Mongolia. Her family were aristocrats. In 1464 at the age of sixteen, Mandukhai was married to Manduul Khan, who ruled the Northern Yuan from 1473 to 1479. Mandukhai began to take precedence over Yungen Qabar-tu, the khan's childless first wife. Most sources report that Manduul Khan had no children, although two names are sometimes mentioned as daughters of Mandukhai. Based on their ages, it is possible they were in fact relatives of Manduul Khan, rather than daughters, and may hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altan Khan
Altan Khan of the Tümed (1507–1582; mn, ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ, Алтан хан; Chinese language, Chinese: 阿勒坦汗), whose given name was Anda (Mongolian language, Mongolian: ; Chinese language, Chinese: 俺答), was the leader of the Tümed Mongols and de facto ruler of the Right Wing, or western tribes, of the Mongols. He was the grandson of Dayan Khan (1464–1543), a descendant of Kublai Khan (1215–1294), who had managed to unite a tribal league between the Khalkha Mongols in the north and the Chahars (Tsakhars) to the south. His name means "Golden Khan (title), Khan" in the Mongolian language. Consolidation of power Borjigin Barsboladiin Altan was the second son of Bars Bolud Jinong, and a grandson of Batumongke Dayan Khan who had re-unified the Mongolian nobility in an attempt to regain the glory of the Yuan dynasty. Altan Khan ruled the Tümed and belonged to the Right Wing of the Mongols along with his elder brother Gün Bilig, who ruled the Ordos Deser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erketü Qatun
Erketü Qatun ( Mongolian:; meaning Powerful Queen) (c. 1551–1612), also referred to as the Third Lady or Sanniangzi (), was an influential member of the Borjigin clan in the late 16th century and early 17th century. Her real name is unknown, only being remembered by a title bestowed upon her. She was the wife of four subsequent leaders of the Tümed, and her pro-Ming dynasty views kept the longest peace between the two competing powers. Biography The actual name of Erketü Qatun is unknown; she became known by this title during a period of regency leading the Tümed. She was the granddaughter of Altan Khan through his daughter. Qatun was due to be married to an Ordos Mongol Prince, but instead Altan decided to marry her himself. Instead, the Khan offered the intended second wife of his grandson, Baya-aci. Infuriated, Baya-aci defected to the Ming dynasty, although he would be returned and in response the Khan was granted the title of Prince of Loyalty and Obedience by the Longq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hulagu Khan
Hulagu Khan, also known as Hülegü or Hulegu ( mn, Хүлэгү/ , lit=Surplus, translit=Hu’legu’/Qülegü; chg, ; Arabic: fa, هولاکو خان, ''Holâku Khân;'' ; 8 February 1265), was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of Western Asia. Son of Tolui and the Keraite princess Sorghaghtani Beki, he was a grandson of Genghis Khan and brother of Ariq Böke, Möngke Khan, and Kublai Khan. Hulagu's army greatly expanded the southwestern portion of the Mongol Empire, founding the Ilkhanate of Persia, a precursor to the eventual Safavid dynasty, and then the modern state of Iran. Under Hulagu's leadership, the siege of Baghdad (1258) destroyed Baghdad's standing in the Islamic Golden Age and weakened Damascus, causing a shift of Islamic influence to the Mamluk Sultanate in Cairo and ended the Abbasid Dynasty. Background Hulagu was born to Tolui, one of Genghis Khan's sons, and Sorghaghtani Beki, an influential Keraite princess and a niece of Toghrul in 1217. Noth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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