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Gobernadorcillo
The (, literally "little governor") was a municipal judge or governor in the Captaincy General of the Philippines, Philippines during the History of the Philippines (1565–1898), Spanish colonial period, who carried out in a town the combined charges or responsibilities of leadership, economic, and judicial administration. The was the leader of a town or ''pueblo'' (people or population). In a coastal town, the functioned as a port captain. They were appointed through an exclusive nomination provided by the Spanish law. Their term of office lasted for two years. The position of a was honorary and mandatory in order to afford him those valid exemptions signified in the Philippine law. At the end of his biennial term he would enter and form part of the principalía, and was entitled to enjoy the honors and preeminence inherent to this state. This "mayor", who was at the same time "justice of the peace" and port captain, was directly responsible to the governor of the province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principalía Of Leganes, Iloilo
The ''principalía'' or Nobility, noble class was the ruling and usually educated upper class in the ''Municipality, pueblos'' of History of the Philippines (1521–1898), Spanish Philippines, comprising the ''gobernadorcillo'' (later called the c''apitán municipal'' and had functions similar to a town mayor), ''tenientes de justicia'' (lieutenants of justice), and the ''Cabeza de barangay, cabezas de barangay'' (heads of the Barangay (pre-colonial), barangays) who governed the districts. Also included in this class were former ''gobernadorcillos'' or municipal captains, and municipal lieutenants in good standing during their term of office. The distinction or status of being part of the ''principalía'' was originally a hereditary right. However, a royal decree dated December 20, 1863 (signed in the name of Isabella II of Spain, Queen Isabella II by the Minister of the Colonies, José de la Concha), made possible the creation of new ''principales'' under certain defined crite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Datu
''Datu'' is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous Indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The title is still used today, though not as much as early Philippine history. It is a cognate of ''datuk'', ''dato'', and ''ratu'' in several other Austronesian languages. Overview In early Philippine history, ''datus'' and a small group of their Cognatic kinship, close relatives formed the "apex stratum" of the traditional three-tier social hierarchy of lowland Philippine societies. Only a member of this birthright aristocracy (called ''maginoo'', ''nobleza'', ''maharlika'', or ''timagua'' by various early chroniclers) could become a ''datu''; members of this elite could hope to become a ''datu'' by demonstrating prowess in war or exceptional leadership. In large coastal polities such as those in Maynila (historical polity), Maynila, Tondo (historical polity), Tondo, Pangasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Captaincy General Of The Philippines
The Captaincy General of the Philippines was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire in Southeast Asia governed by a governor-general as a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain based in Mexico City until Mexican independence when it was transferred directly to Madrid. Also known as the Captaincy General of the Spanish East Indies, which included among others the Philippine Islands, the Mariana Islands, and the Caroline Islands. It was founded in 1565 with the first permanent Spanish forts. For centuries, all the administrative, political and economic aspects of the Captaincy General were administered in Mexico City by the Viceroyalty of New Spain for the Spanish Crown. However, in 1821, following the independence of the Mexican Empire, all control was transferred to Madrid. It was succeeded by the short-lived First Philippine Republic following its independence through the Philippine Revolution. History Early explorations After a long, tolling voyage across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cabeza De Barangay
A ''cabeza de barangay'' ("barangay head"), also known as ''teniente del barrio'' ("holder of the barrio"), was the head of a barangay or barrio political unit in the Philippines during Spanish rule.Scott, William Henry. ''Barangay Sixteenth-Century Philippine Culture and Society.'' Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1994. The office was inherited from the Malayan aristocratic rank of '' datu'' (i.e., lord) after barangays had become tributaries of the Kingdom of the Spains and the Indies. Philip II of Spain decreed that the nobility in the Philippine islands should retain the honours and privileges they had before their conversion to Christianity and subjugation to Spanish rule. History Under the form of government employed by the Kingdom of Spain, several existing neighboring barangays were combined to form a municipality and the ''cabezas de barangay'' participated in the governance of the new towns, forming part of the elite ruling class called the principa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alguacil
Alguacil (in Spanish), aguazil or guazil (in Portuguese) is the title for a number of governmental office-holders. Origin The term ''alguacil'' is derived from the Arabic term (''wazir''), meaning Vizier. The first known use of the term dates back to 1579. Historical use Constable In Nahuatl, the term ''alguacil'' is a Spanish loanword that means constable or a sub- Cabildo officer. Judge There were two types of judges named ''Alguacils'': The ''Alguaciles Mayores'' (Chief Justice) and ''Alguaciles Menores'' (Justice). The Alguacils of higher importance were the Alguaciles Mayores. These positions were held by the most prominent families, so they approximated the office of '' Regidores''. (At first they were also in charge of the local prison (jail), but this function was passed very soon to the responsibility of the '' Alcaide'' or warden.) Their function was to arrest people provided by the '' Inquisitor'' or investigators and the seizure of their property. To do this one h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcalde
''Alcalde'' (; ) is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate, who had both judicial and Administration (government), administrative functions. An ''alcalde'' was, in the absence of a corregidor (position), corregidor, the presiding officer of the Crown of Castile, Castilian ''Cabildo (council), cabildo'' (the municipal council) and judge of first instance of a town. ''Alcaldes'' were elected annually, without the right to reelection for two or three years, by the ''regidores'' (council members) of the municipal council. The office of the ''alcalde'' was signified by a staff of office, which they were to take with them when doing their business. A woman who holds the office is termed an ''alcaldesa''. In New Spain (Mexico), ''alcaldes mayores'' were chief administrators in colonial-era administrative territories termed ''alcaldías mayores''; in colonial-era Peru the units were called ''corregimientos''. ''Alcalde'' was also a title given to Indigenous peoples of the America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, comprising most of the region, as well as the tiny adjuncts of Andorra, Gibraltar, and, pursuant to the traditional definition of the Pyrenees as the peninsula's northeastern boundary, a small part of France. With an area of approximately , and a population of roughly 53 million, it is the second-largest European peninsula by area, after the Scandinavian Peninsula. Etymology The Iberian Peninsula has always been associated with the River Ebro (Ibēros in ancient Greek and Ibērus or Hibērus in Latin). The association was so well known it was hardly necessary to state; for example, Ibēria was the country "this side of the Ibērus" in Strabo. Pliny the Elder, Pliny goes so far as to assert that the Greeks had called "the whole of the peninsula" Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filipino Styles And Honorifics
In the Philippine languages, a system of titles and honorifics was used extensively during the throughout its history. In the pre-colonial era, It was mostly used by the Tagalogs and Visayans. These were borrowed from the Malay system of honorifics obtained from the Moro peoples of Mindanao, which in turn was based on the Indianized Sanskrit honorifics system and the Chinese's used in areas like Ma-i (Mindoro) and Pangasinan. The titles of historical figures such as Rajah Sulayman, Lakandula and Dayang Kalangitan evidence Indian influence. Malay titles are still used by the royal houses of Sulu, Maguindanao, Maranao and Iranun on the southern Philippine island of Mindanao. In the Spanish colonial era, Philip II of Spain decreed that the nobility in the Philippine islands should retain their pre-hispanic honours and privileges. In the modern times, these are retained on a traditional basis as the 1987 Constitution explicitly reaffirms the abolition of royal and noble titles in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribunal
A tribunal, generally, is any person or institution with authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes—whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title. For example, an advocate who appears before a court with a single judge could describe that judge as "their tribunal". Many governmental bodies are titled "tribunals" to emphasize that they are not courts of normal jurisdiction. For instance, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda was a body specially constituted under international law; in Great Britain, Employment Tribunal, employment tribunals are bodies set up to hear specific employment disputes. In many but not all cases, ''tribunal'' implies a judicial or Quasi-judicial body, quasi-judicial body with a lesser degree of formality than a court, in which the normal rules of evidence and procedure may not apply, and whose presiding officers are frequently neither judges nor magistrates. Private judicial bodies are also often-styled tribunals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
