Gantenerumab
Gantenerumab is a monoclonal antibody for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease being developed by Hoffmann-La Roche pharmaceuticals. Gantenerumab binds to and clears aggregated beta amyloid Beta (, ; uppercase , lowercase , or cursive ; grc, βῆτα, bē̂ta or ell, βήτα, víta) is the second letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 2. In Modern Greek, it represents the voiced labio ... fibers. A phase III clinical trial of gantenerumab was stopped early because of a lack efficacy. Gantenerumab is also being evaluated in younger patients at high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease but after five years of treatment, the drug did little to slow cognitive decline in patients. References Monoclonal antibodies {{nervous-system-drug-stub ...
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Beta-amyloid
Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. The peptides derive from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is cleaved by beta secretase and gamma secretase to yield Aβ in a cholesterol-dependent process and substrate presentation. Aβ molecules can aggregate to form flexible soluble oligomers which may exist in several forms. It is now believed that certain misfolded oligomers (known as "seeds") can induce other Aβ molecules to also take the misfolded oligomeric form, leading to a chain reaction akin to a prion infection. The oligomers are toxic to nerve cells. The other protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease, tau protein, also forms such prion-like misfolded oligomers, and there is some evidence that misfolded Aβ can induce tau to misfold. A study has suggested that APP and its amyloid potential is of ancient origins, dating as far bac ...
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