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Fungal Disease
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began dominating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glomeromycota
Glomeromycota (often referred to as glomeromycetes, as they include only one class, Glomeromycetes) are one of eight currently recognized divisions within the kingdom Fungi, with approximately 230 described species. Members of the Glomeromycota form arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) with the thalli of bryophytes and the roots of vascular land plants. Not all species have been shown to form AMs, and one, ''Geosiphon pyriformis'', is known not to do so. Instead, it forms an endocytobiotic association with ''Nostoc'' cyanobacteria. The majority of evidence shows that the Glomeromycota are dependent on land plants (''Nostoc'' in the case of ''Geosiphon'') for carbon and energy, but there is recent circumstantial evidence that some species may be able to lead an independent existence. The arbuscular mycorrhizal species are terrestrial and widely distributed in soils worldwide where they form symbioses with the roots of the majority of plant species (>80%). They can also be found in wetla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mucoromycota
Mucoromycota is a division within the kingdom fungi. They include a diverse group of various molds, including the common bread molds ''Mucor'' and ''Rhizopus''. It is a sister phylum to Dikarya. It consists of mainly mycorrhizal fungi, root endophytes, and plant decomposers; Glomeromycotina, Mortierellomycotina, and Mucoromycotina. Informally known as zygomycetes I, Mucoromycota includes Mucoromycotina, Mortierellomycotina, and Glomeromycotina. Mucoromycotina and Glomeromycotina can form mycorrhiza-like relationships with nonvascular plants. Mucoromycota contain multiple mycorrhizal lineages, root endophytes, and decomposers of plant-based carbon sources. Mucoromycotina species known as mycoparasites, or putative parasites of arthropods are like saprobes. When Mucoromycota infect animals, they are seen as opportunistic pathogens. Mucoromycotina are fast growing fungi and early colonizers of carbon rich substrates. Mortierellomycotina are common soil fungi that occur as root ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcarisporiellomycota
Calcarisporiellales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Calcarisporiellomycota and in the class Calcarisporiellomycetes. It contains 2 known families, ''Calcarisporiella'', and ''Echinochlamydosporium''. The 2 genera each have 1 species. Taxonomy * Phylum Mucoromyceta Tedersoo et al., Fungal Diversity 90 (1): 151 (2018) ** Class Calcarisporiellomycetes Tedersoo et al., Fungal Diversity 90 (1): 152 (2018) *** Order Calcarisporiellales Tedersoo et al. **** Family Calcarisporiellaceae Tedersoo et al. ***** Genus '' Calcarisporiella'' de Hoog, 1974 ****** Species ''Calcarisporiella thermophila'' ***** Genus ''Echinochlamydosporium'' X.Z. Jiang, H.Y. Yu, M.C. Xiang, X.Y. Liu & Xing Z. Liu, 2011 ****** Species ''Echinochlamydosporium variabile'' History ''Calcarisporiella'' was originally published in 1974 and originally thought to be an anamorphic member of the Pezizomycotina division. (Evans 1971 and de Hoog 1974), but later phylogenetic analysis of rDNA found that it was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mortierellomycota
Mortierellales is a fungal order, within the phylum of Zygomycota and the monotypic, division Mortierellomycota. It contains only 1 known family, Mortierellaceae , and 6 genera and around 129 species. Genera * ''Aquamortierella'' - 1 sp. * ''Dissophora'' - 3 sp. * ''Gamsiella'' - 1 sp. * ''Lobosporangium'' - 1 sp. * ''Modicella'' - 3 sp. * ''Mortierella'' - 120 sp. See also * Mortierella ''Mortierella'' species are soil fungi belonging to the order Mortierellales within the subphylum Mortierellomycotina (phylum: Mucoromycota). The widespread genus contains about 85 species. Taxonomy The genus name of ''Mortierella'' is in hon ... References External links * https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/214503 Zygomycota Fungus orders {{Zygomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entomophthoromycota
Entomophthoromycota is a division of kingdom fungi. In 2007, it was placed at the taxonomic rank of subphylum in the most recent revision of the entire fungus kingdom. In 2012, it was raised to the rank of phylum as "Entomophthoromycota" in a scientific paper by Richard A. Humber 2012. Divided into three classes and six families (Ancylistaceae, Basidiobolaceae, Completoriaceae, Entomophthoraceae, Meristacraceae, and Neozygitaceae), it contains over 250 species that are mostly arthropod pathogens or soil- and litter-borne saprobes. Taxonomy Circumscribed by mycologist Richard Humber in 2012, it contains species formerly classified in the division Zygomycota. Humber's reorganization divides the division into three classes while retaining the previously defined family structure: Division Entomophthoromycota Humber 2012 [Entomophthoromycotina Humber 2007] :Class Basidiobolomycetes Humber 2012 [Bolomycetes Cavalier-Smith 1998; Bolomycetidae Cavalier-Smith 2012; Basidiobolomycota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiobolomycota
Basidiobolomycetes is one of the currently recognized classes within the kingdom Fungi. Taxonomy Based on the work of Philippe Silar and "The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research" and synonyms from "Part 1- Virae, Prokarya, Protists, Fungi". * Class Basidiobolomycetes Doweld 2001 asidiobolomycota Doweld 2001** Order Basidiobolales Jacz. & P.A. Jacz. 1931 *** Family Basidiobolaceae The Basidiobolaceae are a family of fungi in the monotypic order Basidiobolales. All fungal cells of this family are exclusively uninucleate and their relatively large nuclei contain a nucleolus, but no heterochromatin.http://zygomycetes.org/inde ... Engler & Gilg 1924 **** Genus '' Drechslerosporium'' **** Genus '' Schizangiella'' Dwyer et al. 2006 **** Genus '' Basidiobolus'' Eidam 1886 Amphoromorpha.html"_;"title="'Amphoromorpha">'Amphoromorpha''_Thaxter_1914_References {{Taxonbar.html" ;"title="Amphoromorpha">'Amphoromorpha'' Thaxt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
