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Foot Orienteering
Foot orienteering (usually referred to as simply Orienteering or FootO for short) is the oldest formal orienteering sport, and the one with the most "starts" per year. Usually, a FootO is a timed race in which participants start at staggered intervals, are individually timed, and are expected to perform all navigation on their own. The control points are shown on the orienteering map and must be visited in the specified order. Standings are determined first by successful completion of the course, then by shortest time on course. FootO is one of four orienteering disciplines governed by the International Orienteering Federation. History The history of orienteering began in the late 19th century in Sweden. The actual term "orienteering" was first used in 1886 and meant the crossing of unknown land with the aid of a map and a compass. The first orienteering competition open to the public was held in Norway in 1897. Notable dates for member nations of the IOF are shown below. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Orienteering Federation
The International Orienteering Federation (IOF) is the international governing body of the sport of orienteering. The IOF head office is located in Karlstad, Sweden. The IOF governs four orienteering disciplines: foot orienteering, mountain bike orienteering, ski orienteering, and trail orienteering. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Orienteering Federation suspended the membership of the Russian Orienteering Federation. The IOF also disallowed Russian orienteering athletes from participating in IOF events, even as neutral athletes, cancelled all organising rights for IOF events and activities in Russia, and suspended all Russian members appointed to IOF official bodies. History The IOF was founded on 21 May 1961 at a Congress held in Copenhagen, Denmark by the orienteering national federations of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland. By 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bendigo
Bendigo ( ) is a city in Victoria, Australia, located in the Bendigo Valley near the geographical centre of the state and approximately north-west of Melbourne, the state capital. As of 2019, Bendigo had an urban population of 100,991, making it Australia's 19th-largest city, fourth-largest inland city and the fourth-most populous city in Victoria. It is the administrative centre of the City of Greater Bendigo, which encompasses outlying towns spanning an area of approximately 3,000 km2 (1,158 sq mi) and over 111,000 people. Estimated resident population, 30 June 2016. Residents of the city are known as "Bendigonians". The traditional owners of the area are the Dja Dja Wurrung (Djaara) people. The discovery of gold on Bendigo Creek in 1851 transformed the area from a sheep station into one of colonial Australia's largest boomtowns. News of the finds intensified the Victorian gold rush, bringing an influx of migrants from around the world, particularly Europe and China. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Start
{{refimprove, date=February 2018 Mass start is a format of starting in some racing sports such as long-distance running in sport of athletics, speed skating, long-distance cross-country skiing and biathlon. There are usually many competitors in such an event, and in order for all the competitors to have the same environmental conditions, which, among other things, include temperature, wind speed, rain or shine, etc., they need to start at the same time and same place and proceed along the same course. But the large number of competitors makes it impossible to fit all of them at the same starting line. So the athletes stand in a pack before they begin: some are behind others, sometimes by dozens of meters or more, depending on the number of competitors. The tradition is that all the athletes start at the same time, the gun time, and use the same starting line and same finishing line as those in the front of the pack. This means that those in the back of the pack have to run an ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Orienteering Championships
The World Orienteering Championships (or WOC for short) is an annual orienteering event organized by the International Orienteering Federation. The first World Championships was held in Fiskars, Finland in 1966. They were held biennially up to 2003 (with the exception of 1978 and 1979). Since 2003, competitions have been held annually. Participating nations have to be members of the International Orienteering Federation (IOF). Originally, there were only two competitions: an individual race and a relay. In 1991, a short distance race (roughly 20–25 minutes) was added and a sprint race was added in 2001. The middle distance (roughly 30–35 minutes) replaced the short distance in 2003. In 2014, a sprint relay was added with two men and two women participating and with starting order woman-man-man-woman. History The IOF was founded on 21 May 1961 at a Congress held in Copenhagen, Denmark by the orienteering national federations of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, the Federal Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uzgorod
Uzhhorod ( uk, У́жгород, , ; ) is a city and municipality on the river Uzh in western Ukraine, at the border with Slovakia and near the border with Hungary. The city is approximately equidistant from the Baltic, the Adriatic and the Black Sea (650–690 km) making it the most inland city in this part of Europe. It is the administrative center of Zakarpattia Oblast (region), as well as the administrative center of the Uzhhorod Raion (district) within the oblast. Population: Name The city's earliest known name is ''Ungvár'', from Hungarian ''Ung'' ( River Uzh) and ''vár'' "castle, fortress", originally referring to a castle outside the city (probably Nevytske Castle). The name ''Uzhhorod'' was coined in early 19th century Slavophile circles as a literal translation of the name ''Ungvár''. The city officially adopted this name some time after 1920, under Czechoslovak administration. The names of the city also include: en, link=no, Uzhgorod (before 1996); rue, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leningrad
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the second-largest city in Russia. It is situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, with a population of roughly 5.4 million residents. Saint Petersburg is the fourth-most populous city in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow and London, the most populous city on the Baltic Sea, and the world's northernmost city of more than 1 million residents. As Russia's Imperial capital, and a historically strategic port, it is governed as a federal city. The city was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May 1703 on the site of a captured Swedish fortress, and was named after apostle Saint Peter. In Russia, Saint Petersburg is historically and culturally associated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Orienteering Federation
Orienteering USA (OUSA), formerly United States Orienteering Federation (USOF), is the national governing body for orienteering in the United States. It is recognized by the International Orienteering Federation and the United States Olympic Committee. It was founded on 1 August 1971. Orienteering USA is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. There are 68 current member clubs and over 1,500 members. History The first known competitive orienteering events in the U.S. were held from 1941 to 1943 in New Hampshire by a Finnish army officer named Piltti Heiskanen. There were military orienteering events at West Point Military Academy in New York state by 1966 and at Quantico Marine Base in Virginia by 1967, where the Marine Corps Physical Fitness Academy's first public event was held on July 12, 1968 on Harald Wibye's color orienteering map, the first such map in the English-speaking world. This was also the origin of the Quantico Orienteering Club, currently the largest and most acti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valley Forge, PA
The Village of Valley Forge is an unincorporated settlement located on the west side of Valley Forge National Historical Park at the confluence of Valley Creek and the Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania. The remaining village is in Schuylkill Township of Chester County, but once spanned Valley Creek into Montgomery County. The name Valley Forge is often used to refer to anywhere in the general vicinity of the park, and many places actually in King of Prussia, Trooper, Oaks, and other nearby communities will use the name, leading to some ambiguity on the actual location of the modern village. There is a partial re-creation of the historic village from the time of the American Revolution that is located next door, and just within the outskirts of the park. Valley Forge is known by travelers in the Philadelphia area as the westbound control city on Interstate 76 (the Schuylkill Expressway), as it is near where I-76 joins the Pennsylvania Turnpike. This remains, despite no exit b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Orienteering Federation
The British Orienteering Federation Limited, generally known and branded as British Orienteering, is the national sports governing body for the sport of orienteering in the United Kingdom. The federation was founded in June 1967, and is a member of the IOF. History History of Orienteering in UK before the BOF Orienteering was introduced to the UK in the 1950s and was heavily supported by renowned Olympians including John Disley and Chris Brasher. The early years were helped by orienteers from Sweden: in 1962 Baron 'Rak' Largerfelt of the Stockholm Orienteering Club came to Scotland to help develop the sport. This culminated in the first championship being held in May 1962 at Dunkeld, and the formation of the Scottish Orienteering Association. Later visitors from Sweden included Jan Kjellström, a son of Silva compass founder Alvar Kjellström. Kjellström played an important role in the development of the sport and helped to accelerate developments in orienteering ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JWOC
The Junior World Orienteering Championships (JWOC) are an annual orienteering competition. They were first held in 1990. Entry is open to national teams aged 20 and below as of 31 December in the year of competition. Representative countries must be members of the International Orienteering Federation (IOF). History An international junior match was arranged first time in 1983 in Ry, Denmark, and then in 1984 ( Hartberg, Austria) and 1985 ( Font-Romeau, France). From 1986 (in Pécs, Hungary) the events became the unofficial Junior European Championships, and were held the following years, 1987 (Ambleside, England), 1988 (Eupen, Belgium) and 1989 (Seefeld/Kufstein, Austria). From 1990 (Älvsbyn, Sweden), the competition became official Junior World Orienteering Championships. Current program Current program (from 2022) includes: *Individual Sprint Event (Straight Final) *Sprint Relay *Individual Middle Distance Event (Consists of a qualifier and ranked finals) *Individual Long D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kastelruth
Kastelruth (; it, Castelrotto ; Ladin: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, about northeast of the city of Bolzano. Geography As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 6,456 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat. Kastelruth borders the following municipalities: Barbian, Campitello di Fassa, Völs am Schlern, Lajen, Urtijëi, Waidbruck, Ritten, Santa Cristina Gherdëina and Tiers. Frazioni The municipality of Kastelruth contains the ''frazioni'' (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Seiser Alm (Alpe di Siusi), Pufels (lad. Bula, it. Bulla), Runggaditsch (lad. Roncadic, it. Roncadizza), St. Michael (San Michele Siusi), St. Oswald (Sant'Osvaldo), St. Valentin (San Valentino), St. Vigil (San Vigilio), Tagusens (Tagusa), Tisens (Tisana) and Überwasser (lad. Sureghes, it. Oltretorrente). Seis am Schlern is a ''località'' of the ''comune''. Society Linguistic distribution According to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federazione Italiana Sport Orientamento
The Italian Orienteering Federation ( it, Federazione Italiana Sport Orientamento; FISO) is the national orienteering federation of Italy. It is a full member of the International Orienteering Federation.http://www.orienteering.org/i3/index.php?/iof2006/iof/member_federations/iof_member_federations#ITA Retrieved on the 19th of June 2008 History The Italian Orienteering Federation was founded in 1978, and joined the International Orienteering Federation in 1979. Italy participated in the World Orienteering Championships for the first time in 1981. The 2014 World Championships in foot orienteering were held in the districts of Asiago and Lavarone, Italy. See also * Italian orienteers Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ... References External links * Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
