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Fanetizole
Fanetizole is a drug that has immunoregulating activity. Synthesis Reaction of β-phenethylamine with ammonium isothiocyanate gives the thiourea (2). Treatment of that product with phenacyl bromide Phenacyl bromide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH2Br. This colourless solid is a powerful lachrymator as well as a useful precursor to other organic compounds. It is prepared by bromination of acetophenone Acetophenone is t ... produces fanetizole (3).Lombardino, J. G.; 1981, : References {{H2-receptor antagonist H2 receptor antagonists Thiazoles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenethylamine
Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine, which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. In the brain, phenethylamine regulates monoamine neurotransmission by binding to trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and inhibiting vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in monoamine neurons. To a lesser extent, it also acts as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system. In mammals, phenethylamine is produced from the amino acid L-phenylalanine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase via enzymatic decarboxylation. In addition to its presence in mammals, phenethylamine is found in many other organisms and foods, such as chocolate, especially after microbial fermentation. Phenethylamine is sold as a dietary supplement for purported mood and weight loss-related therapeutic benefits; however, in orally ingested phenethylamine, a significant amount is metabolized in the small intestine by monoami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanetizole Synthesis
Fanetizole is a drug that has immunoregulating activity. Synthesis Reaction of β-phenethylamine with ammonium isothiocyanate gives the thiourea (2). Treatment of that product with phenacyl bromide Phenacyl bromide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH2Br. This colourless solid is a powerful lachrymator as well as a useful precursor to other organic compounds. It is prepared by bromination of acetophenone Acetophenone is t ... produces fanetizole (3).Lombardino, J. G.; 1981, : References {{H2-receptor antagonist H2 receptor antagonists Thiazoles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonium Isothiocyanate
The ammonium cation is a positively-charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula or . It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged or protonated substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations (), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups (indicated by R). Acid–base properties The ammonium ion is generated when ammonia, a weak base, reacts with Brønsted acids (proton donors): :H+ + NH3 -> H4 The ammonium ion is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule: : H4 + B- -> HB + NH3 Thus, treatment of concentrated solutions of ammonium salts with strong base gives ammonia. When ammonia is dissolved in water, a tiny amount of it converts to ammonium ions: :H2O + NH3 OH- + H4 The degree to which ammonia forms the ammonium ion depends on the pH of the solution. If the pH is low, the equilibrium shifts to the right: more ammonia molecules are conve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiourea
Thiourea () is an organosulfur compound with the formula and the structure . It is structurally similar to urea (), except that the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur atom (as implied by the ''thio-'' prefix); however, the properties of urea and thiourea differ significantly. Thiourea is a reagent in organic synthesis. "Thioureas" refer to a broad class of compounds with the general structure . Thioureas are related to thioamides, e.g. , where R is methyl, ethyl, etc. Structure and bonding Thiourea is a planar molecule. The C=S bond distance is 1.71 Å. The C-N distances average 1.33 Å. The weakening of the C-S bond by C-N pi-bonding is indicated by the short C=S bond in thiobenzophenone, which is 1.63 Å. Thiourea occurs in two tautomeric forms, of which the thione form predominates in aqueous solutions. The equilibrium constant has been calculated as ''K''eq is . The thiol form, which is also known as an isothiourea, can be encountered in substituted compounds such as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenacyl Bromide
Phenacyl bromide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH2Br. This colourless solid is a powerful lachrymator as well as a useful precursor to other organic compounds. It is prepared by bromination of acetophenone Acetophenone is the organic compound with the chemical formula, formula C6H5C(O)CH3. It is the simplest aromatic ketone. This colorless, viscous liquid is a precursor to useful resins and fragrances. Production Acetophenone is formed as a byprodu ...: :C6H5C(O)CH3 + Br2 → C6H5C(O)CH2Br + HBr The compound was first reported in 1871. References External links * Lachrymatory agents Organobromides {{organohalide-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
H2 Receptor Antagonists
H2 antagonists, sometimes referred to as H2RAs and also called H2 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the histamine H2 receptors of the parietal cells in the stomach. This decreases the production of stomach acid. H2 antagonists can be used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease. They have been surpassed by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs); the PPI omeprazole was found to be more effective at both healing and alleviating symptoms of ulcers and reflux oesophagitis than the H2 blockers ranitidine and cimetidine. H2 antagonists are a type of antihistamine, although in common use the term "antihistamine" is often reserved for H1 antagonists, which relieve allergic reactions. Like the H1 antagonists, some H2 antagonists function as inverse agonists rather than receptor antagonists, due to the constitutive activity of these receptors. The prototypical H2 antagonist, called cimetidine, was developed by Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
