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Femoral Canal
The femoral canal is the medial (and smallest) compartment of the three compartments of the femoral sheath. It is conical in shape. The femoral canal contains lymphatic vessels, and adipose and loose connective tissue, as well as - sometimes - a deep inguinal lymph node. The function of the femoral canal is to accommodate the distension of the femoral vein when venous return from the leg is increased or temporarily restricted (e.g. during a Valsalva maneuver). The proximal, abdominal end of the femoral canal forms the femoral ring. The femoral canal should not be confused with the nearby adductor canal. Anatomy The femoral canal is bordered: * anterosuperiorly by the inguinal ligament * posteriorly by the pectineal ligament lying anterior to the superior pubic ramus * Medially by the lacunar ligament * Laterally by the femoral vein Physiological significance The position of the femoral canal medially to the femoral vein is of physiologic importance. The space of the canal all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canalis
In anatomy, a canal (or canalis in Latin) is a tubular passage or channel which connects different regions of the body. Examples include: * Cranial Region ** Alveolar canals ** Carotid canal ** Facial canal ** Greater palatine canal ** Incisive canals ** Infraorbital canal ** Mandibular canal ** Optic canal ** Palatovaginal canal ** Pterygoid canal * Abdominal Region ** Inguinal canal * Pelvic Region ** Anal canal ** Pudendal canal * Upper Extremities ** Suprascapular canal ** Carpal canal ** Ulnar canal ** Radial_tunnel_syndrome, Radial canal * Lower Extremities ** Adductor canal ** Femoral canal ** Obturator canal See also * Foramen * Canaliculus (other), Canaliculus References *''Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary'', 27th ed. 1988 W.B. Saunders Company. Philadelphia, PA. Anatomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inguinal Ligament
The inguinal ligament (), also known as Poupart's ligament or groin ligament, is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. It forms the base of the inguinal canal through which an indirect inguinal hernia may develop. Structure The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac crest of the ilium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone. It is formed by the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis and is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh. There is some dispute over the attachments. Structures that pass deep to the inguinal ligament include: *Psoas major, iliacus, pectineus *Femoral nerve, artery, and vein *Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh *Lymphatics Function The ligament serves to contain soft tissues as they course anteriorly from the trunk to the lower extremity. This structure demarcates the superior border of the femoral triangle. It demarcates the inferior border of the inguinal triangle. The midpoint of the ingui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femoral Ring
The femoral ring is the opening at the proximal, abdominal end of the femoral canal, and represents the (superiorly directed/oriented) base of the conically-shaped femoral canal. The femoral ring is oval-shaped, with its long diameter being directed transversely and measuring about 1.25 cm.'''' The opening of the femoral ring is filled in by extraperitoneal fat, forming the femoral septum. Part of the intestine can sometimes pass through the femoral ring into the femoral canal causing a femoral hernia. Boundaries The femoral ring is bounded as follows:'''' * anteriorly by the inguinal ligament. * posteriorly by the pectineal ligament. * medially by the crescentic base of the lacunar ligament. * laterally by the fibrous septum on the medial side of the femoral vein. Additional images File:Gray1227.png, Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal. See also * Femoral canal * Femoral hernia * Inguinal canal The inguinal canals are the tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femoral Hernia
Femoral hernias occur just below the inguinal ligament, when abdominal contents pass through a naturally occurring weakness in the abdominal wall called the femoral canal. Femoral hernias are a relatively uncommon type, accounting for only 3% of all hernias. While femoral hernias can occur in both males and females, almost all develop in women due to the increased width of the female pelvis. Femoral hernias are more common in adults than in children. Those that do occur in children are more likely to be associated with a connective tissue disorder or with conditions that increase intra-abdominal pressure. Seventy percent of pediatric cases of femoral hernias occur in infants under the age of one. Definitions A hernia is caused by the protrusion of a viscus (in the case of groin hernias, an intra-abdominal organ) through a weakness in the abdominal wall. This weakness may be inherent, as in the case of inguinal, femoral and umbilical hernias. On the other hand, the weakness ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valsalva Maneuver
The Valsalva maneuver is performed by a forceful attempt of exhalation against a closed airway, usually done by closing one's mouth and pinching one's nose shut while expelling air out as if blowing up a balloon. Variations of the maneuver can be used either in medical examination as a test of cardiac function and autonomic nervous control of the heart, or to clear the ears and sinuses (that is, to equalize pressure between them) when ambient pressure changes, as in scuba diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or air travel. A modified version is done by expiring against a closed glottis. This will elicit the cardiovascular responses described below but will not force air into the Eustachian tubes. History The technique is named after Antonio Maria Valsalva, a 17th-century physician and anatomist from Bologna whose principal scientific interest was the human ear. He described the Eustachian tube and the maneuver to test its patency (openness). He also described the use of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Tour Of The Femoral Canal
3-D, 3D, or 3d may refer to: Science, technology, and mathematics Relating to three-dimensionality * Three-dimensional space ** 3D computer graphics, computer graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data ** 3D film, a motion picture that gives the illusion of three-dimensional perception ** 3D modeling, developing a representation of any three-dimensional surface or object ** 3D printing, making a three-dimensional solid object of a shape from a digital model ** 3D display, a type of information display that conveys depth to the viewer ** 3D television, television that conveys depth perception to the viewer ** Stereoscopy, any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image Other uses in science and technology or commercial products * 3D projection * 3D rendering * 3D scanning, making a digital representation of three-dimensional objects * 3D video game (other) * 3-D Secure, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lacunar Ligament
The lacunar ligament, also named Gimbernat’s ligament, is a ligament in the inguinal region. It connects the inguinal ligament to the pectineal ligament, near the point where they both insert on the pubic tubercle. Structure The lacunar ligament is the part of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle that is reflected backward and laterally and is attached to the pectineal line of the pubis. It is about 1.25 cm. long, larger in the male than in the female, almost horizontal in direction in the erect posture, and of a triangular form with the base directed laterally. Its ''base'' is concave, thin, and sharp, and forms the medial boundary of the femoral ring. Its ''apex'' corresponds to the pubic tubercle. Its ''posterior margin'' is attached to the pectineal line, and is continuous with the pectineal ligament. Its ''anterior margin'' is attached to the inguinal ligament. Its surfaces are directed upward and downward. Clinical significance The lacunar ligament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pectineal Ligament
The pectineal ligament, sometimes known as the inguinal ligament of Cooper, is an extension of the lacunar ligament. It runs on the pectineal line of the pubic bone. The pectineal ligament is the posterior border of the femoral ring. Structure The pectineal ligament connects to the lacunar ligament, and therefore to the inguinal ligament. It connects to the pectineus muscle on its ventral and superior aspects. It connects to the rectus abdominis muscle, and the abdominal internal oblique muscle, of the anterior abdominal wall. The pectineal ligament is usually around 6 cm long in adults. It is close to the major vasculature of the pelvis, including external iliac vein. Clinical significance The pectineal ligament is strong, and holds suture well. This facilitates reconstruction of the floor of the inguinal canal. It is a useful landmark for pelvic surgery. A variant of non-prosthetic inguinal hernia repair, first used by Georg Lotheissen in Austria, now bears his name. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adductor Canal
The adductor canal, also known as the subsartorial canal or Hunter’s canal, is an aponeurotic tunnel in the middle third of the thigh. It extends from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus. Structure The adductor canal extends from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus. It is an intermuscular cleft situated on the medial aspect of the middle third of the anterior compartment of the thigh, and has the following boundaries: * medial wall - sartorius. * Posterior wall - adductor longus and adductor magnus. * Anterior- vastus medialis. It is covered by a strong aponeurosis which extends from the vastus medialis, across the femoral vessels to the adductor longus and magnus. * Lying on the aponeurosis is the sartorius (tailor's) muscle. Contents The canal contains the subsartorial artery (distal segment of the femoral artery), subsartorial vein (distal segment of the femoral vein), and branches of the femoral nerve (specifically, the saphenou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femoral Sheath
The femoral sheath (also called the crural sheath) is a funnel-shaped downward extension of abdominal fascia within which the femoral artery and femoral vein pass between the abdomen and the thigh. The femoral sheath is subdivided by two vertical partitions to form three compartments (medial, intermediate, and lateral); the medial compartment is known as the femoral canal and contains lymphatic vessels and a lymph node, whereas the intermediate canal and the lateral canal accommodate the femoral vein and the femoral artery (respectively). Some neurovascular structures perforate the femoral sheath. Topographically, the femoral sheath is contained within in the femoral triangle. Structure The femoral sheath is funnel-shaped fascial structure, with the wide end directed superior-ward. The femoral sheath is formed by an inferior-ward prolongation - posterior to the inguinal ligament - of abdominal fascia, with transverse fascia being continued down anterior to the femoral vessels, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femoral Ring
The femoral ring is the opening at the proximal, abdominal end of the femoral canal, and represents the (superiorly directed/oriented) base of the conically-shaped femoral canal. The femoral ring is oval-shaped, with its long diameter being directed transversely and measuring about 1.25 cm.'''' The opening of the femoral ring is filled in by extraperitoneal fat, forming the femoral septum. Part of the intestine can sometimes pass through the femoral ring into the femoral canal causing a femoral hernia. Boundaries The femoral ring is bounded as follows:'''' * anteriorly by the inguinal ligament. * posteriorly by the pectineal ligament. * medially by the crescentic base of the lacunar ligament. * laterally by the fibrous septum on the medial side of the femoral vein. Additional images File:Gray1227.png, Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal. See also * Femoral canal * Femoral hernia * Inguinal canal The inguinal canals are the tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valsalva Maneuver
The Valsalva maneuver is performed by a forceful attempt of exhalation against a closed airway, usually done by closing one's mouth and pinching one's nose shut while expelling air out as if blowing up a balloon. Variations of the maneuver can be used either in medical examination as a test of cardiac function and autonomic nervous control of the heart, or to clear the ears and sinuses (that is, to equalize pressure between them) when ambient pressure changes, as in scuba diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or air travel. A modified version is done by expiring against a closed glottis. This will elicit the cardiovascular responses described below but will not force air into the Eustachian tubes. History The technique is named after Antonio Maria Valsalva, a 17th-century physician and anatomist from Bologna whose principal scientific interest was the human ear. He described the Eustachian tube and the maneuver to test its patency (openness). He also described the use of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
