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Eurycomanone
Eurycomanone is a chemical compound that has been isolated from ''Eurycoma longifolia'', also known as the longjack plant or tongkat ali. Mechanism of action Eurycomanone is thought to be central to the sex-hormone increasing effects of ''Eurycoma longifolia'' supplementation. In vitro, eurycomanone has been shown to enhance testosterone steroidogenesis through its inhibitory effects on aromatase, presumably causing testosterone production to increase to restore downstream estrogen homeostasis. As of November 2022, there are no studies investigating the effects of isolated Eurycomanone in human subjects. However, studies investigating the effects supplementation with ''Eurycoma longifolia'' in human subjects have observed increases in free and total testosterone, with some studies showing increases or no changes in estradiol, luteinizing hormone, sex binding hormone globulin and follicle-stimulating hormone in both healthy and hypogonadism Hypogonadism means diminished funct ...
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Chemical Compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element is therefore not a compound. A compound can be transformed into a different substance by a chemical reaction, which may involve interactions with other substances. In this process, bonds between atoms may be broken and/or new bonds formed. There are four major types of compounds, distinguished by how the constituent atoms are bonded together. Molecular compounds are held together by covalent bonds; ionic compounds are held together by ionic bonds; intermetallic compounds are held together by metallic bonds; coordination complexes are held together by coordinate covalent bonds. Non-stoichiometric compounds form a disputed marginal case. A chemical formula specifies the number of atoms of each element in a compound molecule, using the s ...
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Eurycoma Longifolia
''Eurycoma longifolia'' (commonly called ''tongkat ali'', ''pasak bumi'', or ''longjack'') is a flowering plant in the family Simaroubaceae. It is native to Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam) and Indonesia (the islands of Borneo and Sumatra), but has also been found in the Philippines. The plant is a medium-sized slender shrub that can reach in height, and is often unbranched. The root of the plant has been used in folk medicine of the South East Asian region, and in modern times has common use as supplements, as well as food and drink additives. Names ''Eurycoma longifolia'' is also known by the common names , , , , , , , , , (all Malay-Indonesian); (Javanese); (Vietnamese); (Laotian); , , , , (all Thai); "long jack" (US); ''langir siam'' (Bahrain). Many of the common names refer to the plant's medicinal use and extreme bitterness. ''Penawar pahit'' translates simply as "bitter charm" or "bitter medicine". Older literature, such as a 1953 a ...
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Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism means diminished functional activity of the gonads—the testes or the ovaries—that may result in diminished production of sex hormones. Low androgen (e.g., testosterone) levels are referred to as hypoandrogenism and low estrogen (e.g., estradiol) as hypoestrogenism. These are responsible for the observed signs and symptoms in both males and females. Hypogonadism, commonly referred to by the symptom "low testosterone" or "Low T", can also decrease other hormones secreted by the gonads including progesterone, DHEA, anti-Müllerian hormone, activin, and inhibin. Sperm development (spermatogenesis) and release of the egg from the ovaries (ovulation) may be impaired by hypogonadism, which, depending on the degree of severity, may result in partial or complete infertility. In January 2020, the American College of Physicians issued clinical guidelines for testosterone treatment in adult men with age-related low levels of testosterone. The guidelines are supported b ...
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