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Dilution Series
Dilution may refer to: * Reducing the concentration of a chemical * Serial dilution, a common way of going about this reduction of concentration * Homeopathic dilutions, Homeopathic dilution * Dilution (equation), an equation to calculate the rate a gas dilutes *Trademark dilution, a type of unlawful trademark use outside of the relevant market *Stock dilution, the result of new shares of stock being issued by a company, thereby diminishing the percent ownership represented by previously existing shares *Dilution gene, a gene that lightens the coat color of certain living things * ''Expectational Dilution'', the second album by the metalcore band Overcast * Dilution ratio * Hemodynamics#Hemodilution, in blood See also * Dilation (other) {{disambig zh:稀释 nl:Verdunning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: '' mass concentration'', ''molar concentration'', ''number concentration'', and ''volume concentration''. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Etymology The term concentration comes from the word concentrate, from the French , from con– + center, meaning “to put at the center”. Qualitative description Often in informal, non-technical language, concentration is described in a qualitative way, through the use of adjectives such as "dilute" for solutions of relatively low concentration and "concentrated" for solutions of relatively high concentration. To concentrate a solution, one must add more solute (for example, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serial Dilution
A serial dilution is the stepwise dilution of a substance in solution. Usually the dilution factor at each step is constant, resulting in a geometric progression of the concentration in a logarithmic fashion. A ten-fold serial dilution could be 1 M, 0.1 M, 0.01 M, 0.001 M ... Serial dilutions are used to accurately create highly diluted solutions as well as solutions for experiments resulting in concentration curves with a logarithmic scale. A tenfold dilution for each step is called a logarithmic dilution or log-dilution, a 3.16-fold (100.5-fold) dilution is called a half-logarithmic dilution or half-log dilution, and a 1.78-fold (100.25-fold) dilution is called a quarter-logarithmic dilution or quarter-log dilution. Serial dilutions are widely used in experimental sciences, including biochemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, and physics. In biology and medicine In biology and medicine, besides the more conventional uses described above, serial dilution may also be used to red ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homeopathic Dilutions
In homeopathy, homeopathic dilution (known by practitioners as "dynamisation" or "potentisation") is a process in which a substance is :wikt:dilute, diluted with alcohol or distilled water and then vigorously shaken in a process called "succussion". Insoluble solids, such as quartz and oyster shell, are diluted by grinding them with lactose (''trituration''). The founder of homeopathy, Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843), asserted that the process of succussion activated the "vital energy" of the diluted substance, and that successive dilutions increased the "potency" of the preparation, although other strands of homeopathy (such as Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler, Schuessler's) disagreed. The concept is pseudoscience because, at commonly used dilutions, no molecules of the original material are likely to remain. Therefore high homeopathic dilutions must be distinguished from low dilutions where there can be an overlap with herbal medicine. Background The founder of homeopathy, Samuel Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dilution (equation)
Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a Solution (chemistry), solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent like adding more water to the solution. To dilute a solution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. The resulting solution is thoroughly mixed so as to ensure that all parts of the solution are identical. The same direct relationship applies to gases and vapors diluted in air for example. Although, thorough mixing of gases and vapors may not be as easily accomplished. For example, if there are 10 Gram, grams of salt (the solute) dissolved in 1 litre of water (the solvent), this solution has a certain salt concentration (molarity). If one adds 1 litre of water to this solution, the salt concentration is reduced. The diluted solution still contains 10 grams of salt (0.171 Mole (unit), moles of NaCl). Mathematically this relationship can be shown by equation: : c_1V_1 = c_2V_2 where *''c''1 = initial concen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trademark Dilution
Trademark dilution is a trademark law concept giving the owner of a famous trademark standing to forbid others from using that mark in a way that would lessen its uniqueness. In most cases, trademark dilution involves an unauthorized use of another's trademark on products that do not compete with, and have little connection with, those of the trademark owner. For example, a famous trademark used by one company to refer to hair care products might be ''diluted'' if another company began using a similar mark to refer to breakfast cereals or spark plugs. Dilution is a basis of trademark infringement that applies only to famous marks. With a non-famous mark, the owner of the mark must show that the allegedly infringing use creates a likelihood of confusion as to the source of the product or service being identified by the allegedly infringing use: it is highly unlikely a likelihood of confusion will be found if the products or services are in unrelated markets. With a famous mark, any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stock Dilution
Stock dilution, also known as equity dilution, is the decrease in existing shareholders' ownership percentage of a company as a result of the company issuing new equity. New equity increases the total shares outstanding which has a dilutive effect on the ownership percentage of existing shareholders. This increase in the number of shares outstanding can result from a primary market offering (including an initial public offering), employees exercising stock options, or by issuance or conversion of convertible bonds, preferred shares or warrants into stock. This dilution can shift fundamental positions of the stock such as ownership percentage, voting control, earnings per share, and the value of individual shares. Control dilution Control dilution describes the reduction in ownership percentage or loss of a controlling share of an investment's stock. Many venture capital contracts contain an anti-dilution provision in favor of the original investors, to protect their equity inves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dilution Gene
A dilution gene is any one of a number of genes that act to create a lighter coat color in living creatures. There are many examples of such genes: General Diluted coat colors have melanocytes, but vary from darker colors due to the concentration or type of these pigment-producing cells, not their absence. Pigment dilution, sometimes referred to as hypomelanism, has been called leucism, albinism (perfect, impartial, or dilute), ghosting, paling, and isabellinism. *Albinism describes a condition where pigment cells synthesize little or no pigment *Leucism describes a condition that creates loss of pigment cells Cats *Cat coat genetics discusses many dilution genes in cats Dogs In dogs, a mutation of the MLPH locus known as the dilute gene causes eumelanin to lighten while pheomelanin remains almost unchanged. Dogs of some breeds with the dilute gene often suffer from Colour dilution alopecia (CDA). Appearance Of the colour shades found in the coat of dogs, the light brown cau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expectational Dilution
Overcast was an American metalcore band that started in the early 1990s, but broke up in 1998 after an unsuccessful tour. The band is often regarded as pioneers of metalcore. In 2006, they reunited to play the 2006 installment of the New England Metal and Hardcore Festival, and announced that they would release a new album entitled ''Reborn to Kill Again'' with 11 re-recorded classic tracks and two unreleased tracks. In 2011, ex-Overcast bandmates Mike D'Antonio, Pete Cortese and Brian Fair announced the formation of their new side-project, Death Ray Vision. Discography Studio albums * ''Expectational Dilution'' (1994) * ''Fight Ambition to Kill'' (1997) * ''Reborn to Kill Again'' (2008) Extended plays * ''Bleed into One'' (1992) * ''Twin Terror Split'' (1995) * ''Stirring the Killer'' (1995) * ''Begging for Indifference'' (1996) * ''Overcast / Arise Split'' (1996) * ''In These Black Days Vol. 4 Split'' (1998) Members * Brian Fair - vocals * Mike D'Antoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dilution Ratio
In chemistry and biology, the dilution ratio is the ratio of solute to solvent. It is often used for ''simple dilutions,'' one in which a unit volume of a liquid material of interest is combined with an appropriate volume of a solvent liquid to achieve the desired concentration. The diluted material must be thoroughly mixed to achieve the true dilution. For example, in a solution with a 1:5 dilution ratio, entails combining 1 unit volume of solute (the material to be diluted) with 5 unit volumes of the solvent to give 6 total units of total volume. This is often confused with "dilution factor" which is an expression which describes the ratio of the aliquot volume to the final volume. Dilution factor is a notation often used in commercial assays. For example, in solution with a 1:5 dilution factor, entails combining 1 unit volume of solute (the material to be diluted) with (approximately) 4 unit volumes of the solvent to give 5 units of total volume. Note that some solutions and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemodynamics
Hemodynamics or haemodynamics are the dynamics of blood flow. The circulatory system is controlled by homeostatic mechanisms of autoregulation, just as hydraulic circuits are controlled by control systems. The hemodynamic response continuously monitors and adjusts to conditions in the body and its environment. Hemodynamics explains the physical laws that govern the flow of blood in the blood vessels. Blood flow ensures the transportation of nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body to maintain cell-level metabolism, the regulation of the pH, osmotic pressure and temperature of the whole body, and the protection from microbial and mechanical harm. Blood is a non-Newtonian fluid, and is most efficiently studied using rheology rather than hydrodynamics. Because blood vessels are not rigid tubes, classic hydrodynamics and fluids mechanics based on the use of classical viscometers are not capable of explaining haemodynamics. The st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dilation (other)
Dilation (or dilatation) may refer to: Physiology or medicine * Cervical dilation, the widening of the cervix in childbirth, miscarriage etc. * Coronary dilation, or coronary reflex * Dilation and curettage, the opening of the cervix and surgical removal of the contents of the uterus * Dilation and evacuation, the dilation of the cervix and evacuation of the contents of the uterus * Esophageal dilatation, a procedure for widening a narrowed esophagus * Pupillary dilation (also called mydriasis), the widening of the pupil of the eye * Vasodilation, the widening of luminal diameter in blood vessels Mathematics * Dilation (affine geometry), an affine transformation * Dilation (metric space), a function from a metric space into itself * Dilation (operator theory), a dilation of an operator on a Hilbert space * Dilation (morphology), an operation in mathematical morphology * Scaling (geometry), including: ** Homogeneous dilation (homothety), the scalar multiplication operator on a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
