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Danmu
Danmu ( ja, , Danmaku, zh, s=弹幕, l=bullet curtain, figuratively: "barrage") is a form of video commentary used on internet video consisting of scrolling user/viewer messages posted on top of the video in real time. It was first used by Niconico and later adopted by AcFun and Bilibili in the 2010s where it reached a very large viewing audience. Description The term "Danmu" or 'bullet chat' is thought to originate from the Japanese ''Danmaku'' (Bullet hell) video game genre. Both provide an experience of sensory overload. The combination of video and synchronous messaging creates a sense of community for the viewer. The messages take multiple forms including spoiler or jump scare warnings, comments, parody, translations including explanatory notes, expert opinion, and special effects created using text, including visual cues. Though the large amounts of text can be distracting, many people use the feature. Object recognition technology has also been used to prevent the text occl ...
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Danmaku
Danmaku or Danmu (Japanese: ; Simplified Chinese: , literally translated as “bullet curtain” and figuratively as “ barrage”) is a subtitle system in online video platforms that originates from Japan and popularised in Mainland China. Such system allows user to post moving comments onto a playing video that are synchronized to the video timeline. The comments are typically presented as “shooting” across the screen, resembling a barrage. History The term Danmaku (だんまく) originates from a shooting arcade game or Shoot 'em up, “Batsugun” created by now-defunct Japanese developer Toaplan. It is a conventional vertically scrolling shooter game, with a "level up" system for the player's weapons that shoot a lot of bullets across the screen, hence the term Danmaku. Batsugun is the first recorded example of what would become Danmaku and subgenres stemming from it. While Batsugun is not credited with actually creating the Danmaku subgenres, it sets a lot of the modern ...
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Bilibili
Bilibili (stylized bilibili), nicknamed B Site, is a video sharing website based in Shanghai where users can submit, view and add overlaid commentary on videos. Since the mid-2010s, Bilibili began to expand to a broader audience from its original niche market that focused on animation, comics, and games (ACG), and it has become one of the major Chinese over-the-top streaming platforms serving videos on demand such as documentaries, variety shows, and other original programming. Bilibili hosts videos on various themes, including anime, music, dance, science and technology, movies, drama, fashion and video games, but it is also known for its extensive ''kuso''-style parodies by subcultural content creators. Bilibili provides a live streaming service where the audience can interact with streamers. Bilibili also offers games, mostly ACG-themed mobile games, such as the Chinese version of ''Fate/Grand Order''. Bilibili is also known for its scrolling ''danmu'' ("bullet curtain," ...
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Bullet Hell
Shoot 'em ups (also known as shmups or STGs ) are a sub-genre of action games. There is no consensus as to which design elements compose a shoot 'em up; some restrict the definition to games featuring spacecraft and certain types of character movement, while others allow a broader definition including characters on foot and a variety of perspectives. The genre's roots can be traced back to earlier shooting games, including target shooting electro-mechanical games of the mid-20th-century and the early mainframe game ''Spacewar!'' (1962). The shoot 'em up genre was established by the hit arcade game ''Space Invaders'', which popularised and set the general template for the genre in 1978, and spawned many clones. The genre was then further developed by arcade hits such as ''Asteroids'' and ''Galaxian'' in 1979. Shoot 'em ups were popular throughout the 1980s to early 1990s, diversifying into a variety of subgenres such as scrolling shooters, run and gun games and rail shooters. ...
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Memes
A meme ( ) is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols, or practices, that can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals, or other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes in that they self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures. In popular language, a meme may refer to an Internet meme, typically an image, that is remixed, copied, and circulated in a shared cultural experience online. Proponents theorize that memes are a viral phenomenon that may evolve by natural selection in a manner analogous to that of biological evolution. Memes do this through the processes of variation, mutation, competition, and inheritance, each of which influences a meme's ...
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Marquee Element
The marquee tag is a non-standard HTML element which causes text to scroll up, down, left or right automatically. The tag was first introduced in early versions of Microsoft's Internet Explorer, and was compared to Netscape's blink element, as a proprietary non-standard extension to the HTML standard with usability problems. The W3C advises against its use in HTML documents. Usability problems Marquee can be distracting. The human eye is attracted to movement, and marquee text is constantly moving. As with the blink element, marquee-tagged images or text are not always completely visible on rendered pages, making printing such pages an inefficient (if not impossible) task; typically multiple attempts are required to capture all text that could be displayed where messages scroll or blink. The behavior="alternate" version of marquee makes text jitter back and forth but does not obscure any part of it if scrolling widths are set correctly. Because marquee text moves, links within ...
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YouTube Comment
YouTube is a global online video sharing and social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by Google, and is the second most visited website, after Google Search. YouTube has more than 2.5 billion monthly users who collectively watch more than one billion hours of videos each day. , videos were being uploaded at a rate of more than 500 hours of content per minute. In October 2006, YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion. Google's ownership of YouTube expanded the site's business model, expanding from generating revenue from advertisements alone, to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subscription option for watching content without ads. YouTube also approved creators to participate in Google's AdSense program, which seeks to generate more revenue for both parties. YouTube ...
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Twitch (service)
Twitch is an American video live streaming service that focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of esports competitions, in addition to offering music broadcasts, creative content, and " in real life" streams. Twitch is operated by Twitch Interactive, a subsidiary of Amazon.com, Inc. It was introduced in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform Justin.tv. Content on the site can be viewed either live or via video on demand. The games shown on Twitch's homepage are listed according to audience preference and include genres such as real-time strategy games (RTS), fighting games, racing games, and first-person shooters. The popularity of Twitch eclipsed that of its general-interest counterpart. In October 2013, the website had 45 million unique viewers, and by February 2014, it was considered the fourth-largest source of peak Internet traffic in the United States. At the same time, Justin.tv's parent company was re-branded as Twitch In ...
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Online Chat
Online chat may refer to any kind of communication over the Internet that offers a real-time text, real-time transmission of text-based, text messages from sender to receiver. Chat messages are generally short in order to enable other participants to respond quickly. Thereby, a feeling similar to a spoken conversation is created, which distinguishes chatting from other text-based online communication forms such as Internet forums and email. Online chat may address Point-to-point (telecommunications), point-to-point communications as well as multicast communications from one sender to many receivers and voice and video chat, or may be a feature of a web conferencing service. Online chat in a less stringent definition may be primarily any direct text-based or video-based (webcams), one-on-one chat or one-to-many chat room, group chat (formally also known as synchronous conferencing), using tools such as instant messengers, Internet Relay Chat (IRC), talkers and possibly MUDs or ot ...
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