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Crown (heraldry)
A crown is often an emblem of a sovereign state, usually a monarchy (see The Crown), but also used by some republics. A specific type of crown is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium. Crowns are also often used as symbols of religious status or veneration, by divinities (or their representation such as a statue) or by their representatives, e.g. the Black Crown of the Karmapa Lama, sometimes used a model for wider use by devotees. A crown can be a charge ''in'' a coat of arms, or set ''atop'' the shield to signify the status of its owner, as with the coat of arms of Norway. Physical and heraldic crowns Sometimes, the crown commonly depicted and used in heraldry differs significantly from any specific physical crown that may be used by a monarchy. File:Den norske kongekronen.jpg, Photograph of the physical crown of Norway File:Crown of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Norway
The coat of arms of Norway is the arms of dominion of king Harald V of Norway, and as such represents both the monarch and the kingdom (nation and the state). It depicts a standing golden lion on a red background, bearing a golden crown and axe with silver blade (blazoned ''Gules, a lion rampant Or, crowned Or, holding an axe Or with a blade argent''). The coat of arms is used by the King (including the King's Council), the Parliament, and the Supreme Court, which are the three powers according to the Constitution. It is also used by several national, regional, and local authorities that are subordinate to the aforementioned, for example the County Governors and both the district courts and the courts of appeal. Since 1905, two parallel versions exist: the more elaborate version used by the King and the simpler one used by the State. The arms in banner form serve as basis for the monarch's flag, known as the Royal Standard. In addition, there are former and existing lands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronet
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. A coronet differs from other kinds of crowns in that a coronet never has arches, and from a tiara in that a coronet completely encircles the head, while a tiara does not. In other languages, this distinction is not made as usually the same word for ''crown'' is used irrespective of rank (german: Krone, nl, Kroon, sv, Krona, french: Couronne, etc.) Today, its main use is not as a headgear (indeed, many people entitled to a coronet never have a physical one created), but as a rank symbol in heraldry, adorning a coat of arms. Etymology The word stems from the Old French ''coronete'', a diminutive of ''co(u)ronne'' ('crown'), itself from the Latin ''corona'' (also 'wreath') and from the Ancient Greek ''κορώνη'' (''korōnē''; 'garland' or 'wreath'). Traditionally, such headgear is used by nobles and by princes and princesses in their coats of arms, rather than by monarchs, for whom the wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camp Crown
In Ancient Rome, a camp crown ( la, corona castrensis, "crown of the castrum"), also known as a vallary crown, was a military award given to the first man who penetrated into an enemy camp or field during combat. It took the form of a gold crown surmounted with replicas of the stakes of a palisade (a high fence consisting of pointed stakes). In the heraldry of a few units in modern armies, a camp crown is mounted as a crest on top of the shield of the coat of arms or emblem. The Palisado crown, a variant used in English heraldry, is defined by palisades affixed to the outside of the rim. Gallery File:Camp Crown.svg, Example of a Camp crown File:Palisado crowns.png, Example of Palisado crowns (English Heraldry) File:Spanish Army History and Aesthetics of Military Music Course and Graduates Emblem.svg, Emblem of the Course in the History and Aesthetics of Military Music of the Spanish Army See also * Celestial crown *Civic Crown *Grass crown *Mural crown * Naval crown *Heraldr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Crown
The Eastern Crown is a gold heraldic crown surmounted with a variable number of sharp spikes. It is so called because of its origin in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Eastern Crown is one of the oldest crowns, and so for this reason it has also been known as the Antique Crown. The celestial crown is a modified Eastern Crown with longer spikes and topped by stars with no specific fixed number of points. Gallery File:Ströhl-Rangkronen-Fig. 53.png, Example of an Eastern crown ( Hugo Gerard Ströhl) File:LSB-smariaolivais.png, Coat of arms of Santa Maria dos Olivais, Lisbon (Portugal) featuring an Eastern crown File:CoA of Kingdom of Illyria.svg, Coat of arms of the former Kingdom of Illyria featuring an Eastern crown File:CoA of Dalmatia (Habsburg Monarchy).png, Old coat of arms of Dalmatia ( Habsburg Monarchy) featuring Eastern crowns File:Grandes armes OSLJ.svg, Coat of arms of the Order of Saint Lazarus featuring an Eastern crown File:Coat of Arms of the Duke of Wellington ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celestial Crown
The celestial crown is a modified version of the Eastern crown. The celestial crown is a representative badge or headdress consisting of a gold fence usually adorned with pointed points or rays topped with stars of the same metal. It usually has eight points, five in the representations that are not in relief, although the number of these is variable. The celestial crown appears in some Catholic representations of the Virgin Mary and is also used in heraldry. The celestial crown has longer spikes than the Eastern crown. Gallery File:Coa catholic diocese of Palm beach.svg, Arms of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Palm Beach File:St-Stephen's Hall Oxford Coat Of Arms.svg, Former arms of St Stephen's House (University of Oxford) File:Campion Hall Oxford Coat Of Arms.svg, Arms of Campion Hall (University of Oxford) File:Lucia (31528327081).jpg, Saint Lucy's Day See also * Crown (heraldry) *Heraldry * Circlet *Golden hat *Crown of Immortality * Circle of stars *Astral crown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subdivisions Of Scotland
For local government purposes, Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" ( gd, comhairlean), which are all governed by single-tier authorities designated as "councils". They have the option under the Local Government (Gaelic Names) (Scotland) Act 1997 of being known (but not re-designated) as a "''comhairle''" when opting for a Gaelic name; only ''Comhairle nan Eilean Siar'' (Council of the Western Isles) has chosen this option, whereas the Highland Council (''Comhairle na Gàidhealtachd'') has adopted its Gaelic form alongside its English equivalent informally. The council areas have been in existence since 1 April 1996, under the provisions of the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994. Historically, Scotland was divided into 34 counties or shires. Although these no longer have any administrative function, they are still used to some extent in Scotland for cultural and geographical purposes, and some of the current council areas are named after th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shires Of Scotland
The shires of Scotland ( gd, Siorrachdan na h-Alba), or counties of Scotland, are historic subdivisions of Scotland established in the Middle Ages and used as administrative divisions until 1975. Originally established for judicial purposes (being the territory over which a sheriff had jurisdiction), from the 17th century they started to be used for local administration purposes as well. The areas used for judicial functions ( sheriffdoms) came to diverge from the shires, which ceased to be used for local government purposes after 1975 under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973. Today, local government in Scotland is based upon council areas, which sometimes incorporate county names, but frequently have vastly different boundaries. Counties continue to be used for land registration, and form the basis of the lieutenancy areas (although the latter are not entirely identical). History Sheriffdoms or shires Malcolm III (reigned 1058 to 1093) appears to have introduced s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Crown
The Eastern Crown is a gold heraldic crown surmounted with a variable number of sharp spikes. It is so called because of its origin in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Eastern Crown is one of the oldest crowns, and so for this reason it has also been known as the Antique Crown. The celestial crown is a modified Eastern Crown with longer spikes and topped by stars with no specific fixed number of points. Gallery File:Ströhl-Rangkronen-Fig. 53.png, Example of an Eastern crown ( Hugo Gerard Ströhl) File:LSB-smariaolivais.png, Coat of arms of Santa Maria dos Olivais, Lisbon (Portugal) featuring an Eastern crown File:CoA of Kingdom of Illyria.svg, Coat of arms of the former Kingdom of Illyria featuring an Eastern crown File:CoA of Dalmatia (Habsburg Monarchy).png, Old coat of arms of Dalmatia ( Habsburg Monarchy) featuring Eastern crowns File:Grandes armes OSLJ.svg, Coat of arms of the Order of Saint Lazarus featuring an Eastern crown File:Coat of Arms of the Duke of Wellington ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astral Crown
The Astral Crown is a gold crown surmounted with eight low points. The centrals and laterals points are topped with a star, with an unspecified number of points, between two wings. In heraldry, an astral crown is mounted atop the shields of coats of arms of units belonging to some air forces or the personal arms of its distinguished commanders. Its creation became necessary after the founding of the Royal Air Force in the UK, because there was no Roman military award device for Aerial warfare equivalent to the Naval crown for navies and the Camp crown for armies. Some air forces of other countries adopted variants of the astral crown. Gallery File:Coat of arms of the Chilean Air Force.svg, An astral crown in the coat of arms of the Chilean Air Force File:2070 (Glenfield) ATC Squadron Crest.png, Emblem of No 2070 (Glenfield) Squadron Air Training Corps. File:Armorial Bearings of British Airways.svg, An astral crown in the coat of arms of British Airways File:Brasao ba1.png, T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Force
An air force – in the broadest sense – is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an army or navy. Typically, air forces are responsible for gaining control of the air, carrying out strategic and tactical bombing missions, and providing support to land and naval forces often in the form of aerial reconnaissance and close air support. The term air force may also refer to a tactical air force or numbered air force, which is an operational formation either within a national air force or comprising several air components from allied nations. Air forces typically consist of a combination of fighters, bombers, helicopters, transport planes and other aircraft. Many air forces may command and control other air defence forces assets such as anti-aircraft artillery, surface-to-air missiles, or anti-ballistic missile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navy
A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of the navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications ( brown-water navy), open-ocean applicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
