Compression Ignition Engine
Compression may refer to: Physical science *Compression (physics), size reduction due to forces *Compression member, a structural element such as a column *Compressibility, susceptibility to compression * Gas compression *Compression ratio, of a combustion engine *Compression (geology) *Compression or compressive strength Information science *Data compression, reducing the data required for information *Audio compression (data), reducing the data required for audio * Bandwidth compression *Compression artifact, defect in data due to compression *Image compression, of digital images * Video compression *One-way compression function, a cryptographic primitive *Dynamic range compression, reducing audio dynamic range Medicine * Brain compression, a medical condition *Compression bandage *Pressing on the lower abdominal area in an intravenous pyelogram * Cold compression therapy, for minor injuries Other *Amplifier gain compression, due to nonlinearity * Compression (dance), several ...
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Compression (physics)
In mechanics, compression is the application of balanced inward ("pushing") forces to different points on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to reduce its size in one or more directions.Ferdinand Pierre Beer, Elwood Russell Johnston, John T. DeWolf (1992), "Mechanics of Materials". (Book) McGraw-Hill Professional, It is contrasted with tension or traction, the application of balanced outward ("pulling") forces; and with shearing forces, directed so as to displace layers of the material parallel to each other. The compressive strength of materials and structures is an important engineering consideration. In uniaxial compression, the forces are directed along one direction only, so that they act towards decreasing the object's length along that direction. The compressive forces may also be applied in multiple directions; for example inwards along the edges of a plate or all over the side surface of a cylinder, so as to reduce ...
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Brain Compression
Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull. The brain can shift across such structures as the falx cerebri, the tentorium cerebelli, and even through the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of the skull through which the spinal cord connects with the brain). Herniation can be caused by a number of factors that cause a mass effect and increase intracranial pressure (ICP): these include traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, or brain tumor. Herniation can also occur in the absence of high ICP when mass lesions such as hematomas occur at the borders of brain compartments. In such cases local pressure is increased at the place where the herniation occurs, but this pressure is not transmitted to the rest of the brain, and therefore does not register as an increase in ICP. Because herniation puts extreme pressure on parts of the brain and ther ...
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Compressor (other)
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. Compressor may also refer to: * A device that performs Compression (other) * Compressor (audio signal processor), for dynamic range compression * Compressor (software), a video and audio media compression and encoding application See also * * * Compression (other) * Compaction (other) * Decompression (other) * Expansion (other) * Kompressor (other) * Compressor Hot Springs, a place in California, U.S. * Supercharger * Turbocharger In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

Compression Garment
Compression garments are pieces of clothing that fit tightly around the skin. In medical contexts, compression garments provide support for people who have to stand for long periods or have poor circulation. These come in varying degrees of compression, and higher degree compression sleeves, such as sleeves that provide compression of 20–30 mmHg or higher, typically require a doctor's prescription. Compression garments worn on the legs can help prevent deep vein thrombosis and reduce swelling, especially while traveling. Compression can also be used for post surgeries, to help with the healing process. Garment usage varies per patient but can be worn up to a year. There is also second stage compression garments, that are every day wear. In sports, form-fitting compression sportswear, usually made of spandex, is commonly worn by athletes and in exercise to prevent chafing and rashes. Maternity wear A bellyband, wrap, or abdominal binder is a compression garment which resemble ...
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Compress
compress is a Unix shell compression program based on the LZW compression algorithm. Compared to more modern compression utilities such as gzip and bzip2, compress performs faster and with less memory usage, at the cost of a significantly lower compression ratio. The uncompress utility will restore files to their original state after they have been compressed using the ''compress'' utility. If no files are specified, the standard input will be uncompressed to the standard output. In the upcoming POSIX and Single Unix Specification revision, it is planned that DEFLATE algorithm used in gzip format be supported in those utilities. Description of program Files compressed by ''compress'' are typically given the extension ".Z" (modeled after the earlier pack program which used the extension ".z"). Most ''tar'' programs will pipe their data through ''compress'' when given the command line option "-Z". (The ''tar'' program in its own does not compress; it just stores multi ...
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Compaction (other)
Compaction may refer to: * Soil compaction, for mechanically induced compaction near the ground surface * Compaction of ceramic powders * Compaction (geology), part of the process of lithification involving mechanical dewatering of a sediment by progressive loading under several km of geomaterial * Waste compaction, related to garbage * Cold compaction, powder compaction at low temperatures * Data compaction, related to computers ** Curve-fitting compaction * Compactor, a device that performs compaction * Compaction a cellular differentiation process in the early embryo See also * Compact (other) * Compactification (other) * Impaction (other) Impaction may refer to: *Impaction (animals), blockage of the digestive tract of animals *Fecal impaction, the presence of a solid, immobile bulk of human feces that can develop in the rectum * Dental impaction, the failure of teeth fully to erupt ...

Compression (phonetics)
In phonology, syncope (; from grc, , , cutting up) is the loss of one or more sounds from the interior of a word, especially the loss of an unstressed vowel. It is found in both synchronic and diachronic analyses of languages. Its opposite, whereby sounds are added, is epenthesis. Synchronic analysis Synchronic analysis studies linguistic phenomena at one moment of a language's history, usually the present, in contrast to diachronic analysis, which studies a language's states and the patterns of change across a historical timeframe. In modern languages, syncope occurs in inflection, poetry, and informal speech. Inflections In languages such as Irish and Hebrew, the process of inflection can cause syncope: * In some verbs : (to play) should become * (I play). However, the addition of the causes syncope and the second-last syllable vowel is lost so becomes . : (katav), (he) wrote, becomes (katvu), (they) wrote, when the third-person plural ending (-u) is added. * I ...
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Compression (functional Analysis)
In functional analysis, the compression of a linear operator ''T'' on a Hilbert space to a subspace ''K'' is the operator :P_K T \vert_K : K \rightarrow K , where P_K : H \rightarrow K is the orthogonal projection onto ''K''. This is a natural way to obtain an operator on ''K'' from an operator on the whole Hilbert space. If ''K'' is an invariant subspace for ''T'', then the compression of ''T'' to ''K'' is the restricted operator ''K→K'' sending ''k'' to ''Tk''. More generally, for a linear operator ''T'' on a Hilbert space H and an isometry ''V'' on a subspace W of H, define the compression of ''T'' to W by :T_W = V^*TV : W \rightarrow W, where V^* is the adjoint of ''V''. If ''T'' is a self-adjoint operator, then the compression T_W is also self-adjoint. When ''V'' is replaced by the inclusion map I: W \to H, V^* = I^*=P_K : H \to W, and we acquire the special definition above. See also * Dilation Dilation (or dilatation) may refer to: Physiology or medicine ...
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Compression (dance)
This is a list of dance terms that are not names of dances or types of dances. See List of dances and List of dance style categories for those. This glossary lists terms used in various types of ballroom partner dances, leaving out terms of highly evolved or specialized dance forms, such as ballet, tap dancing, and square dancing, which have their own elaborate terminology. See also: * Glossary of ballet terms * Glossary of dance moves Abbreviations *3T – Three Ts *CBL – Cross-body lead *CBM – Contra body movement *CBMP – Contra body movement position *COG – Center of gravity *CPB – Center point of balance *CPP – Counter promenade position *DC – Diagonally to center *DW – Diagonally to wall *IDSF – International DanceSport Federation *IDTA – International Dance Teachers Association *ISTD – Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing *J&J – Jack and Jill *LOD – Line of dance *MPM – Measures per minute *NFR – No foot rise *OP – ...
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Gain Compression
Gain compression is a reduction in ''differential'' or ''slope'' gain caused by nonlinearity of the transfer function of the amplifying device. This nonlinearity may be caused by heat due to power dissipation or by overdriving the active device beyond its linear region. It is a ''large-signal'' phenomenon of circuits. Relevance Gain compression is relevant in any system with a wide dynamic range, such as audio or RF. It is more common in tube circuits than transistor circuits, due to topology differences, possibly causing the differences in audio performance called " valve sound". The front-end RF amps of radio receivers are particularly susceptible to this phenomenon when overloaded by a strong unwanted signal. Audio effects A tube radio or tube amplifier will increase in volume to a point, and then as the input signal extends beyond the linear range of the device, the effective gain is reduced, altering the shape of the waveform. The effect is also present i ...
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Cold Compression Therapy
Cold compression therapy, also known as hilotherapy, combines two of the principles of rest, ice, compression, elevation to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury to soft tissues and is recommended by orthopedic surgeons following surgery. The therapy is especially useful for sprains, strains, pulled muscles and pulled ligaments. Cold compression Cold compression is a combination of cryotherapy and static compression, commonly used for the treatment of pain and inflammation after acute injury or surgical procedures. Cryotherapy, the use of ice or cold in a therapeutic setting, has become one of the most common treatments in orthopedic medicine. The primary reason for using cryotherapy in acute injury management is to lower the temperature of the injured tissue, which reduces the tissue's metabolic rate and helps the tissue to survive the period following the injury. It is well documented that metabolic rate decreases by application of cryotherapy. A study d ...
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Intravenous Pyelogram
Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter. Types include: * Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system. * Retrograde pyelogram – Any pyelogram in which contrast medium is introduced from the lower urinary tract and flows toward the kidney (i.e. in a "retrograde" direction, against the normal flow of urine). * Anterograde pyelogram (also antegrade pyelogram) – A pyelogram where a contrast medium passes from the kidneys toward the bladder, mimicking the normal flow of urine. * Gas pyelogram – A pyelogram that uses a gaseous rather than liquid contrast medium. It may also form without the injection of a gas, when gas producing micro-organisms infect the most upper parts of urinary system. Intravenous pyelogram An intravenous pyelogram (IVP), also called an intravenous urogram (IVU), is a radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary s ...
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