Coaxial Speakers
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Coaxial Speakers
A coaxial loudspeaker is a loudspeaker system in which the individual driver units radiate sound from the same point or axis. Two general types exist: one is a compact design using two or three speaker drivers, usually in car audio, and the other is a two-way high-power design for professional audio, also known as single-source or dual-concentric loudspeakers. The design is favored for its compactness and behavior as an audio point source. Professional audio Coaxial loudspeakers in professional audio enable sound from two drivers to come from one source. This characteristic allows a wider field of listening to a synchronized summation of speaker drivers than loudspeaker enclosures containing physically separated drivers. As well, the pattern of response is symmetric around the axis of the loudspeaker. Since the 1943 introduction of the Altec Lansing Duplex 601 coaxial driver, recording studio monitors have often been coaxial loudspeaker designs. In 1945 the improved Altec 604 ...
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Loudspeaker
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. A ''speaker system'', also often simply referred to as a "speaker" or "loudspeaker", comprises one or more such speaker ''drivers'', an enclosure, and electrical connections possibly including a crossover network. The speaker driver can be viewed as a linear motor attached to a diaphragm which couples that motor's movement to motion of air, that is, sound. An audio signal, typically from a microphone, recording, or radio broadcast, is amplified electronically to a power level capable of driving that motor in order to reproduce the sound corresponding to the original unamplified electronic signal. This is thus the opposite function to the microphone; indeed the ''dynamic speaker'' driver, by far the most common type, is a linear motor in the same basic configuration as the dynamic microphone which uses such ...
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Ed Long (audio Engineer)
Edward M. Long (1932 – December 17, 2016) was an audio engineer known for introducing the first near-field studio monitors and the first Time-Aligned loudspeaker crossover. In 2021, Ed Long was inducted into the TEC Awards Technology Hall of Fame for his development of the concept of near-field monitoring. Career Long was born in Canandaigua, New York. During the Korean War he taught pulse techniques, multiplexing and FM theory at Fort Monmouth Signal School. He completed his engineering studies at Fisher College in 1957. Long became a project engineer at Sylvania Home electronics and did design work on loudspeaker systems there and also at Audio Dynamics Corporation. He later became senior acoustics engineer at C.T.S. of Paducah, Inc., where he assisted in the manufacture of loudspeaker systems. In 1968 he joined Ampex Corporation as a senior acoustics engineer. In 1972 he moved to Northern California and formed Calibration Standard Instrument, a consulting firm and manufact ...
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Eastern Acoustic Works
Eastern Acoustic Works (EAW) is an American manufacturer of mainly professional audio reinforcement tools, such as loudspeaker systems and processors. From 1978-1988 it was located at 59 Fountain Street in Framingham, Massachusetts, and subsequently One Main Street in Whitinsville, Massachusetts. Corporate history Eastern Acoustic Works was co-founded in 1978 by partners Kenneth Berger and Kenton Forsythe, who had previously worked together at Forsythe Audio. EAW's first single enclosure system was the CS-3 designed for Carlo Sound in Nashville, Tennessee. It combined a B-215 dual 15-in low-frequency horn, a MR102 12-in mid-frequency horn and a Community BRH90 high frequency horn into one gigantic box, and was the first commercially available horn-loaded single enclosure box system. In 1985 EAW became famous by developing the KF850 loudspeaker system. For many years this system was the standard among loudspeakers used for professional touring shows. With this system EAW gain ...
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Rat Sound
Rat Sound Systems is a sound equipment provider of touring sound reinforcement equipment and services to the concert touring industry, based in Camarillo, California. Rat Sound Systems was established in 1980 by Dave Rat and Brian Benjamin, and is known for being one of the first sound companies to tour with hard core punk bands such as Black Flag, Fear and the Dead Kennedys. The list of artists and events that Rat Sound Systems has provided equipment for includes: Black Flag, Sonic Youth, Pearl Jam, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Jack Johnson, R.E.M., AFI, Ben Harper, Blink 182, The Offspring, Rage Against the Machine, Weezer, Queens of the Stone Age, Eddie Vedder, My Chemical Romance, Paramore, Jimmy Eat World, Beck, The Used and many other artists. 2] The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival has utilized Rat Sound to provide audio as the primary audio vendor since 2001. Warped Tour and Taste of Chaos both tour with sound systems provided by Rat Sound. 5] References *Pr ...
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L-Acoustics
L-Acoustics is a French manufacturer of loudspeakers, amplifiers, marketing materials, and signal processing devices for rental and installed sound markets. Headquartered in Marcoussis, south of Paris, the company has offices in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. History In September 1984, Dr. Christian Heil, a physicist in the field of elementary particles with an interest in acoustics, created an electro-acoustic engineering firm named C.HEIL.TEA, later to be renamed L-Acoustics. In 1989, the company launched its MTD115, a coaxial loudspeaker for sound reinforcement use. In 1992, Heil and his team developed line source array loudspeakers with their V-DOSC system, using the company's Wavefront Sculpture Technology (WST) theory. Based on principles developed by Heil and physicist Professor Marcel Urban, WST defined five criteria for design and use of line source arrays. The WST uses a patented DOSC waveguide, which was the first high-frequency device capable of cre ...
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Stage Monitor
A stage monitor system is a set of performer-facing loudspeakers called monitor speakers, stage monitors, floor monitors, wedges, or foldbacks on stage during live music performances in which a sound reinforcement system is used to amplify a performance for the audience. The monitor system allows musicians to hear themselves and fellow band members clearly. The sound at popular music and rock music concerts is amplified with power amplifiers through a sound reinforcement system. With the exception of the smallest venues, such as coffeehouses, most mid- to large-sized venues use two sound systems. The main or front-of-house (FOH) system amplifies the onstage sounds for the main audience. The monitor system is driven by a mix separate from the front-of-house system. This mix typically highlights the vocals and acoustic instruments so they can be heard over the electronic instruments and drums. Monitor systems have a range of sizes and complexity. A small pub or nightclub ma ...
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Digital Signal Processing
Digital signal processing (DSP) is the use of digital processing, such as by computers or more specialized digital signal processors, to perform a wide variety of signal processing operations. The digital signals processed in this manner are a sequence of numbers that represent samples of a continuous variable in a domain such as time, space, or frequency. In digital electronics, a digital signal is represented as a pulse train, which is typically generated by the switching of a transistor. Digital signal processing and analog signal processing are subfields of signal processing. DSP applications include audio and speech processing, sonar, radar and other sensor array processing, spectral density estimation, statistical signal processing, digital image processing, data compression, video coding, audio coding, image compression, signal processing for telecommunications, control systems, biomedical engineering, and seismology, among others. DSP can involve linear or nonli ...
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Monterey Jazz Festival
The Monterey Jazz Festival is an annual music festival that takes place in Monterey, California, United States. It debuted on October 3, 1958, championed by Dave Brubeck and co-founded by jazz and popular music critic Ralph J. Gleason and jazz disc jockey Jimmy Lyons. History The festival is held annually on the , oak-studded Monterey County Fairgrounds, located at 2004 Fairground Road in Monterey, on the third full weekend in September, beginning on Friday. Five hundred top jazz artists perform on nine stages spread throughout the grounds, with 50 concert performances. In addition, the Monterey Jazz Festival features jazz conversations, panel discussions, workshops, exhibitions, clinics, and an international array of food, shopping, and festivities spread throughout From 1992 to 2010, Tim Jackson was general manager and artistic director, and in 2010, Chris Doss became the managing director, and Jackson became the artistic director. In 2014, Colleen Bailey became the managi ...
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Playboy Jazz Festival
The Hollywood Bowl Jazz Festival is an event held in the Hollywood Bowl that celebrates jazz and features both established and up-and-coming jazz musicians. Founded in 1959 by Hugh Hefner as the Playboy Jazz Festival, it was held in Chicago but did not recur until 1979, when the venue was moved to the Hollywood Bowl. In 2022, the festival changed its name. It was held June 25 and 26 that year and hosted by comedian Arsenio Hall. The event is organized by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association, which presents the summer Hollywood Bowl concerts. History The festival was founded as the Playboy Jazz Festival by Hugh Hefner and first held in Chicago at the Chicago Stadium in 1959. However, the festival did not occur again until 1979, when the Hollywood Bowl played host in Los Angeles in celebration of the magazine's 25th anniversary. The event is held there annually; in 2022, it changed its name to the Hollywood Bowl Jazz Festival. The Festival The Festival is held on a Saturday a ...
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Stage Monitor System
A stage monitor system is a set of performer-facing loudspeakers called monitor speakers, stage monitors, floor monitors, wedges, or foldbacks on stage during live music performances in which a sound reinforcement system is used to amplify a performance for the audience. The monitor system allows musicians to hear themselves and fellow band members clearly. The sound at popular music and rock music concerts is amplified with power amplifiers through a sound reinforcement system. With the exception of the smallest venues, such as coffeehouses, most mid- to large-sized venues use two sound systems. The main or front-of-house (FOH) system amplifies the onstage sounds for the main audience. The monitor system is driven by a mix separate from the front-of-house system. This mix typically highlights the vocals and acoustic instruments so they can be heard over the electronic instruments and drums. Monitor systems have a range of sizes and complexity. A small pub or nightclub may ...
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All Pass Filter
An all-pass filter is a signal processing filter that passes all frequencies equally in gain, but changes the phase relationship among various frequencies. Most types of filter reduce the amplitude (i.e. the magnitude) of the signal applied to it for some values of frequency, whereas the all-pass filter allows all frequencies through without changes in level. Common applications A common application in electronic music production is in the design of an effects unit known as a " phaser", where a number of all-pass filters are connected in sequence and the output mixed with the raw signal. It does this by varying its phase shift as a function of frequency. Generally, the filter is described by the frequency at which the phase shift crosses 90° (i.e., when the input and output signals go into quadrature – when there is a quarter wavelength of delay between them). They are generally used to compensate for other undesired phase shifts that arise in the system, or fo ...
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John Meyer (audio Engineer)
John Meyer is a pioneer in the sound reinforcement industry. In 1979 he founded Meyer Sound Laboratories with his wife, Helen Meyer. Biography John Meyer grew up in Berkeley, California. His earliest involvement with audio was in the late 1950s at the radio station KPFA. He received a radiotelephone third class license at 12 years old, and a second class license when he was 15. He attended Oakland High which was one of the first schools in the country to have an audio department. In the audio department he would build consoles and other audio devices John Meyer started his career in 1967 working in a Berkeley hi-fi store doing custom installs. There he met Steve Miller, who was looking to outfit his band. John Meyer assembled a custom amplification system for The Steve Miller Band when they appeared at the Monterey Pop Festival. John worked with Jim Meagher of Meagher Electronics at the Monterey Pop Festival. Soon after John Meyer started a company called Glyph to design and buil ...
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