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Cichlidae
Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses ( Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted this grouping. The closest living relative of cichlids is probably the convict blenny, and both families are classified in the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' as the two families in the Cichliformes, part of the subseries Ovalentaria. This family is both large and diverse. At least 1,650 species have been scientifically described, making it one of the largest vertebrate families. New species are discovered annually, and many species remain undescribed. The actual number of species is therefore unknown, with estimates varying between 2,000 and 3,000. Many cichlids, particularly tilapia, are important food fishes, while others, such as the ''Cichla'' species, are valued game fish. The family also includes many popular freshwater aquar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cichla
Peacock bass or Brazilian tucunaré are large freshwater cichlids of the genus ''Cichla''. These are diurnal predatory fishes native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as rivers of the Guianas, in tropical South America. They are sometimes referred to in English by their Brazilian name ''tucunaré'' or their Spanish name ''pavon''. Despite the common name and their superficial similarity, they are not closely related to other fish known as bass, such as the North American largemouth bass (''Micropterus salmoides''). Peacock bass are important food fish and also considered valuable game fish. This has resulted in their accidental (escapees from fish farms) or deliberate (release by fishers) introduction to regions outside their native range, both elsewhere in South America, and in warm parts of North America and Asia. Singles have been caught elsewhere, including Australia, but do not appear to have become established there. Where established as an introduced species, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudocrenilabrinae
The Pseudocrenilabrinae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fishes to which, according to a study from 2004, includes all the Middle Eastern and African cichlids with the exception of the unusual '' Heterochromis multidens'' and the Malagasy species. This subfamily includes more than 1,100 species. Previous authors recognized additional African subfamilies, e.g. the Tilapiinae of Hoedeman (1947), Tylochrominae of Poll (1986), or Boulengerochrominae of Tawil (2001). To this subfamily belong the cichlids from the African Great Lakes, such as the utaka and mbuna in Lake Malawi, and various species from Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika. The Pseudocrenilabrinae tribes Haplochromini and Oreochromini are widespread in Africa and also found in the Middle East, while Chromidotilapiini, Hemichromini and Tylochromini are primarily West and Central African. The remaining tribes are largely or entirely restricted to Lake Tanganyika. Systematics Apart from the tribes mentioned in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etroplinae
Etroplinae is a subfamily in the cichlid family of fishes. The subfamily includes 3 genera (and about 16 species) : ''Etroplus'' and ''Pseudetroplus'', which are the only cichlids native to India and Sri Lanka, and ''Paretroplus'' from Madagascar (other genera native to this island are in the subfamilies Paratilapiinae and Ptychochrominae The Ptychochrominae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fish. It includes about 14 species. They are restricted to lakes and rivers in Madagascar, and the majority are threatened. Most cichlid genera native to Madagascar are included in thi ...).Pethiyagoda, R., Maduwage, K. & Manamendra-Arachchi, K. (2014): Validation of the South Asian cichlid genus ''Pseudetroplus'' Bleeker (Pisces: Cichlidae). ''Zootaxa, 3838 (5): 595–600.'' References Cichlidae Ray-finned fish subfamilies {{Cichlidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychochrominae
The Ptychochrominae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fish. It includes about 14 species. They are restricted to lakes and rivers in Madagascar, and the majority are threatened. Most cichlid genera native to Madagascar are included in this subfamily; the only exceptions are ''Paretroplus ''Paretroplus'' is a genus of fishes in the cichlid family, all of which are endemic to lakes and rivers of Madagascar. The vast majority are threatened and restricted to the northwestern part of the island.Sparks, J. S. (2008). ''Phylogeny of t ...'' (subfamily Etroplinae) and ''Paratilapia'' (sometimes included in the Ptychochrominae, but likely belongs in its own subfamily). Abstract Abstract Genera The following genera are included in the subfamily Ptychochrominae: *''Katria'' Melanie Stiassny, Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 *''Oxylapia'' André Kiener, Kiener & Maugé, 1966 *''Paratilapia'' Pieter Bleeker, Bleeker, 1868 *''Ptychochromis'' Franz Steindachner, Steindachner, 1880 *''Ptycho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cichlinae
The Cichlinae are a subfamily of fishes in the cichlid family, native to South America. This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017. Some authors have suggested that the Cichlinae encompasses all of the Neotropical Cichlids and found the taxon to be monphyletic and to be divided into seven tribes: Astronotini, Chaetobranchini, Cichlasomatini, Cichlini, Geophagini, Heroini, and Retroculini. In this system the Geophaginae plus the Chaetobranchini were recovered as the sister taxon to the clade consisting of the Heroini plus the Cichlatsomatini, these latter two being referred to as the subfamily Cichlasomatinae in some classifications, while the monogeneric Astronotini was a sister taxon to these four, while the Cichlini and Retroculini made up a sister clade of the other five. Tribes The following tribes make up the subfamily Cichlinae: * Cichlini * Retroculini * Astronotini * Chaetobranchini * Geophagini * Cichlasomatini * Heroini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ovalentaria
Ovalentaria is a clade of ray-finned fishes within the Percomorpha, referred to as a subseries. It is made up of a group of fish families which are referred to in ''Fishes of the World's'' fifth edition as'' incertae sedis'', as well as the orders Mugiliformes, Cichliformes, and Blenniiformes. It was named by W. L. Smith and T. J. Near in Wainwright ''et al.'' (2012) based on a molecular phylogeny, but the authors suggested that the group was united by the presence of demersal eggs that are attached to a substrate. Some authors have used the ordinal name Stiassnyiformes for a clade including Mugiloidei, Plesiopidae, Blenniiformes, Atherinomorpha, and Cichlidae, and this grouping does appear to be monophyletic. Classification In the 5th edition of'' Fishes of the World'', the Ovalentaria are classified as: * ''incertae sedis'' ** Family Ambassidae (Asian glassfishes) ** Family Embiotocidae (surfperches) ** Family Grammatidae (basslets) ** Family Plesiopidae (roundheads) ** F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cichliformes
Cichliformes is an order of fishes. Its members were previously classified under the order Perciformes, but now many authorities consider it to be an independent order within the subseries Ovalentaria. Families There are two families within the Cichliformes; the convict blennies are a small family consisting of a single genus and two species, while the cichlids are one of the largest vertebrate families with over 202 genera and more than 1700 species. It is molecular data which placed the two seemingly dissimilar families in the same taxon. The families are: * Pholidichthyidae D.S. Jordan, 1896 (Convict blennies) * Cichlidae Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses ( Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted thi ... Bonaparte, 1835 (Cichlids) References {{Taxonbar, from=Q35134269 Ovalentaria Ray-finned fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterochromidinae
''Heterochromis'' is a genus of cichlid fish in the order Perciformes. It is the only genus of the subfamily Heterochromidinae, and contains a single species, ''Heterochromis multidens'', which is endemic to the Congo River Basin in Central Africa Central Africa is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries according to different definitions. Angola, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, .... The relationships of ''Heterochromis'' to other cichlids have long been controversial, with several morphological features suggesting that it is more closely related to American cichlids than to other African species.Kullander SO (1998) A phylogeny and classification of the South American Cichlidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Pp. 461-498 in Malabarba, L., et al. (eds), Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes, Porto Alegre. Molecular studies have given contradictory results. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paratilapiinae
''Paratilapia'' is a genus of cichlids generally restricted to Madagascar. These are large, dark cichlids densely covered in light spots. An additional very poorly known species from the Congo River basin in mainland Africa is sometimes also placed in the genus, but this is highly questionable and arguably it is better placed in the "wastebasket genus" ''Haplochromis'' for the time being.Greenwood (1979). ''Towards a phyletic classification of the 'genus' Haplochromis (Pisces, Cichlidae) and related taxa.'' Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 35(4): 265-322 Taxonomy Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence and morphological data have hitherto been unable to resolve the relationships of the genus to satisfaction. For example, sequence data from mtDNA 16S rRNA and COI disagree regarding its placement, (2004): Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the Malagasy and South Asian cichlids (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilapia
Tilapia ( ) is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the coelotilapine, coptodonine, heterotilapine, oreochromine, pelmatolapiine, and tilapiine tribes (formerly all were "Tilapiini"), with the economically most important species placed in the Coptodonini and Oreochromini. Tilapia are mainly freshwater fish inhabiting shallow streams, ponds, rivers, and lakes, and less commonly found living in brackish water. Historically, they have been of major importance in artisanal fishing in Africa, and they are of increasing importance in aquaculture and aquaponics. Tilapia can become a problematic invasive species in new warm-water habitats such as Australia, whether deliberately or accidentally introduced, but generally not in temperate climates due to their inability to survive in cold water. Tilapia has been the fourth-most consumed fish in the United States since 2002. The popularity of tilapia came about due to its low price, easy preparation, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labroidei
The Labroidei are a suborder of the Perciformes, the largest order (biology), order of fish. Among others, the suborder includes the wrasses, cichlids, and parrotfish. Timeline of genera ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-65.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196) id:HER value:teal id:HAD value:green id:OMN value:blue id:black value:black id:white value:white id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258) id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32) id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37) id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42) id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48) id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterophyllum Scalare
''Pterophyllum scalare'', most commonly referred to as angelfish or freshwater angelfish, is the most common species of ''Pterophyllum'' kept in captivity. It is native to the Amazon Basin in Peru, Colombia, and Brazil. Particularly to the Ucayali River, Ucayali river in Peru, the Oyapock River in French Guiana, the Essequibo River in Guyana, the Solimões River, Solimões, the Amapá, and the Amazon rivers in Brazil. It is found in swamps or flooded grounds where vegetation is dense and the water is either clear or silty. Its native water conditions range from a pH of 7.0 to 6.0, a water hardness range of 3 to 10 °dH, and water temperature ranging from 26 to 30 °C (75 to 86 °Fahrenheit, F). This is the species of angelfish most frequently found in the aquarium trade. A similar (cross-breeding possible) ''P. scalare'' exists in the Orinoco. They are of the same size and shape, the only difference being its stripes: the Orinoco ''P. scalare'' has thinner, but dual stri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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