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Caviinae
Caviinae is a subfamily uniting all living members of the family Caviidae with the exception of the maras, capybaras, and ''Kerodon''. The subfamily traditionally contained the guinea pig or cavy-like forms along with the cursorially adapted (running) ''Kerodon''. Molecular results suggest the Caviinae as so defined would be paraphyletic and ''Kerodon'' is more closely related to maras and capybaras than to other caviines.Rowe, D. L. and R. L. Honeycutt. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships, ecological correlates, and molecular evolution within the Cavioidea (Mammalia, Rodentia). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19:263-277. This led Woods and Kilpatrick (2005) to unite ''Kerodon'' and capybaras into the subfamily Hydrochoerinae within the Caviidae. These studies also suggest ''Microcavia'' and ''Cavia'' are more closely related to one another than either is to '' Galea''. Genera and species *Subfamily Caviinae **†'' Cardiomys'' **†'' Allocavia'' **†'' Palaeocavia'' **†'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caviidae
Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara. They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This family of rodents has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 19 species in 6 genera in 3 subfamilies. Characteristics With the exception of the maras, which have a more rabbit-like appearance, caviids have short, heavy bodies and large heads. Most have no visible tails. They range in size from the smaller cavies at 22 cm in body length, and 300 grams in weight, up to the capybara, the largest of all rodents at 106 to 134 cm in length, and body weights of 35 to 66 kilograms. Even larger forms existed in the Pliocene, such as '' Phugatherium'', which was about the size of a tapir. They are herbivores, eating tough grasses or softer leaves, depending on species. The dental f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavia
''Cavia'' is a genus in the subfamily Caviinae that contains the rodents commonly known as guinea pigs or cavies. The best-known species in this genus is the domestic guinea pig, ''Cavia porcellus'', a meat animal in South America and a common household pet outside of that continent. Former taxonomic controversy ''Cavia'' is classified in order Rodentia, although there was once a minority belief in the scientific community that evidence from mitochondrial DNA and proteins suggested the Hystricognathi might belong to a different evolutionary offshoot, and therefore a different order. If this had been so, it would have been an example of convergent evolution. However, this uncertainty is largely of historical interest, as abundant molecular genetic evidence now conclusively supports classification of ''Cavia'' as rodents. This evidence includes draft genome sequences of ''Cavia porcellus'' and several other rodents. Species Historically, there has been little consensus in regard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerodon
The genus ''Kerodon'' (vernacular name Mocos; Rock Cavies) contains two species of South American rock cavies, related to capybaras and guinea pigs. They are found in semiarid regions of northeast Brazil known as the Caatinga. This area has a rocky terrain with large granite boulders that contain rifts and hollows where ''Kerodon'' spp. primarily live. Characteristics They are hystricomorph rodents, medium-sized, with rabbit-like bodies, a squirrel-like face, and heavily padded feet. Their nails are blunt on all digits except a small grooming claw on the outermost digit of the foot. Fully grown adults weigh around 1000 g or 31-35 oz, and range in length from 200 to 400 mm or 7.5 to 16 in. They forage for mostly leaves, grasses, seeds, and tree bark. They breed year round, usually having one to three litters per year and one to three young per pregnancy. Gestation last around 76 days and the young are weaned from the mother within 33 days. They reach sexual maturity at 133 days. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavia Intermedia
Santa Catarina's guinea pig (''Cavia intermedia'') or Moleques do Sul cavy is a rare guinea pig species of southeastern South America. Distribution The small mammal is endemic to the small coastal island of Moleques do Sul Archipelago, located in the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil. The archipelago formed about 8,000 years ago, having a total of three islands with a surface area of only . ''Cavia intermedia'' is phylogenetically comparable, and said to be a common ancestor of the species ''Cavia magna'', who also inhabited the island. The guinea pig's geographical distribution of only is one of the world's smallest for a mammal. The region is a part of Serra do Tabuleiro State Park where restrictions and protection of the species are not enforced. When population densities were estimated, two techniques were used, one was determined using trapping grids, which is usually placed in optimum habitat, which would be only 0.77ha, which are their feeding grounds. This first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microcavia Shiptoni
Shipton's mountain cavy (''Microcavia shiptoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Caviidae. It is endemic to Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th .... References Cavies Mammals of Argentina Mammals of the Andes Endemic fauna of Argentina Mammals described in 1925 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microcavia Niata
The Andean mountain cavy (''Microcavia niata'') is a species of rodent in the family Caviidae. It is found in Bolivia, Chile and Peru. Feeding The Andean mountain cavy's diet consists of herbs typically of the genus Eleocharis, Distichlis, Verbena, and Deyeuxia, which are common in bog A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates peat as a deposit of dead plant materials often mosses, typically sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, mosses, quagmire, and muskeg; a ... areas, which suggest that this species of Microcavia only live in bog areas. Characteristics The Andean mountain cavy is usually seen with fur described as pale and soft, with yellow undertones. The dorsal hairs are multicoloured with a grey base, a dark grey middle and yellow tip. The back hairs are measured around 16-18mm and the animals cheeks, throat and belly are white with a grey base.Zeballos, H., Par, A., Pino, K., Medina, C. E., Cordova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microcavia Australis
The southern mountain cavy (''Microcavia australis'') is a species of South American rodent in the family Caviidae. Description Southern mountain cavies are tailless rodents with short, speckled, greyish-yellow fur, fading to pale grey on the underparts. Adults measure around in total length and weigh between . They have large eyes surrounded by a prominent white ring, and small rounded ears. Females have four teats. Distribution and habitat Southern mountain cavies are largely restricted to Argentina, but may also be found in some neighbouring regions of Chile and Bolivia. They are found across almost the whole of western and southern Argentina, where they inhabit arid and semiarid lowlands, often close to rivers or in areas dominated by thorn bushes. Three subspecies are currently recognised: * ''M. australis australis'' - central western to southern Argentina, from San Juan to Santa Cruz, and parts of south-eastern Chile * ''M. australis maenas'' - northwest Argentina, from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galea Spixii
Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (''Galea spixii'') is a rodent, a cavy species from South America. It is found in Bolivia east of the Andes and much of south central to northeastern Brazil. The species is found in open savanna and semiarid habitats, such as the Cerrado and Caatinga of Brazil. Its karyotype A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of metaphase chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes. Karyotyping is the process by which a karyotype is disce ... is 2n = 64 and FN = 118. ''Galea spixii'' and ''G. musteloides'' are similar and may actually be the same species. ''G. spixii'' tolerates a wide range of environmental changes, though they need open habitats. It is the most stable species within the ''Galea'' group because it is extremely abundant throughout its range. Gestation is about fifty days. Litter size ranges from one to five, with an average of three. They have hair and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galea Musteloides
The common yellow-toothed cavy (''Galea musteloides'') is a species of rodent in the family Caviidae, closely related to the domesticated guinea pig. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. Its karyotype A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of metaphase chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes. Karyotyping is the process by which a karyotype is disce ... has 2n = 68 and FN = 136. ''G. musteloides'' is the most common and widely found member of '' Galea'', and is present at elevations ranging from 20 to 5000 m above sea level. It has yellow teeth. A recent study reveals there are five subspecies of ''G. musteloides'': ''boliviensis'', ''demissa'', ''leucoblephara'', ''littoralis'' and ''musteloides''. These are recognized on the basis of pelage coloration, size and shape of skull, auditory bullae size and tooth shape. The species is found within a range from southern P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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