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Caizi-jiaren
Caizi jiaren ( and "scholar and beauty") is a genre of Chinese fiction typically involving a romance between a young scholar and a beautiful girl. They were highly popular during the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty.Starr, p40 History Three Tang dynasty works particularly influential in the development of the ''caizi-jiaren'' model" were '' Yingying's Biography'', ''The Tale of Li Wa'', and ''Huo Xiaoyu zhuan'' (T: 霍小玉傳, "The story of Huo Xiaoyu"). Song Geng writes that ''Iu-Kiao-Li'' (''Yu Jiao Li'') was "one of the best-known ''caizi-jiaren'' novels". Chloë F. Starr adds that among the best known were ''Iu-Kiao-Li'', ''Ping Shan Leng Yan'', and ''Haoqiu zhuan''. Elements of this theme are also common in Chinese opera, such as '' Romance of the Western Chamber'', which uses the term ''caizi jiaren'' in its text, and '' The Peony Pavilion''. In both of these operas lovers elope, have secret trysts, or were perfect matches in spite of parental disapproval. But th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yingying's Biography
The ''Biography of Ying-ying'' (), also translated as the ''Story of Yingying'', by Yuan Zhen, is a Tang dynasty ''chuanqi'' tale. It tells the story of a relationship conflicted between love and duty between a 16-year-old girl and a 21-year-old student. It is considered to be one of the first works of fiction in Chinese literature. Role in history of Chinese literature Yuan Zhen pioneered psychological exploration and possibilities of plot development. His tale mixed narration, poetry and letters from one character to another to demonstrate emotion rather than describe it, making it in one sense an epistolary novel. The work was also innovative because its characters, in the terms suggested by E.M. Forster, are "round" rather than "flat", that is, unlike the characters in the earlier ''zhiguai'' or ''zhiren'' tales, are not built around a single idea or quality, but have the power to surprise readers. Recent critic Gu Mingdong suggests that with this tale, Chinese fiction "came ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Tale Of Li Wa
''The Tale of Li Wa'' () is a short novella by Bai Xingjian (or Bo Xingjian). Song Geng (C: 宋 耕, P: ''Sòng Gēng''), author of ''The Fragile Scholar: Power and Masculinity in Chinese Culture'', wrote that this was one of three Tang Dynasty works that were "particularly influential in the development of the '' caizi-jiaren'' model". There is a poem by Yuan Zhen, "The Ballad of Li Wa," that is a companion to the novel.Feng, p. 40. It was translated into English by Arthur Waley, who used the title ''The Story of Miss Li'' and included it on pages 113-36 in the collection ''More Translations from the Chinese'', which was published in 1919 by Alfred A. Knopf. It was also translated into English by Glen Dudbridge, who used the title ''The Tale of Li Wa: Study and Critical Edition of a Chinese Story from the Ninth Century''.Chan, Tak-hung Leo. ''The Discourse on Foxes and Ghosts: Ji Yun and the Eighteenth-century Literati Storytelling''. University of Hawaii Press, 1998. , 97808248 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han Chinese, Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foil (literature)
In any narrative, a foil is a character who contrasts with another character; typically, a character who contrasts with the protagonist, in order to better highlight or differentiate certain qualities of the protagonist. A foil to the protagonist may also be the antagonist of the plot. In some cases, a subplot can be used as a foil to the main plot. This is especially true in the case of metafiction and the "story within a story" motif. A foil usually either differs dramatically or is an extreme comparison that is made to contrast a difference between two things. Thomas F. Gieryn places these uses of literary foils into three categories, which Tamara A. P. Metze explains as: those that emphasize the ''heightened contrast'' (this is different because ...), those that operate by ''exclusion'' (this is not X because...), and those that assign ''blame'' ("due to the slow decision-making procedures of government..."). Etymology The word ''foil'' comes from the old practice of backi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beijing Normal University
Beijing Normal University (BNU, ), colloquially known as Beishida (), is a public research university located in Beijing, China, with a strong emphasis on humanities and sciences. It is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in China as part of Class A Double First Class University in the Double First Class University Plan and was designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education as a member of Project 985 and Project 211. "Normal school" refers to an institution that trained schoolteachers in the early 20th century. The title is preserved in the names of Chinese institutions after they developed into comprehensive universities. It also reflects BNU's heritage as a Faculty of Education member of the Imperial University of Peking which was established as China's first modern university. BNU ranked first among universities that originated as “normal schools”. The Faculty of Education is considered the best in China according to several widely cited international ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private university, private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial Colleges, fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. It is one of the highest-ranked universities in the world. The institution moved to Newark, New Jersey, Newark in 1747, and then to the current site nine years later. It officially became a university in 1896 and was subsequently renamed Princeton University. It is a member of the Ivy League. The university is governed by the Trustees of Princeton University and has an endowment of $37.7 billion, the largest List of colleges and universities in the United States by endowment, endowment per student in the United States. Princeton provides undergraduate education, undergraduate and graduate education, graduate in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers (known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill ()) is a Dutch international academic publisher founded in 1683 in Leiden, Netherlands. With offices in Leiden, Boston, Paderborn and Singapore, Brill today publishes 275 journals and around 1200 new books and reference works each year all of which are "subject to external, single or double-blind peer review." In addition, Brill provides of primary source materials online and on microform for researchers in the humanities and social sciences. Areas of publication Brill publishes in the following subject areas: * Humanities: :* African Studies :* American Studies :* Ancient Near East and Egypt Studies :* Archaeology, Art & Architecture :* Asian Studies (Hotei Publishing and Global Oriental imprints) :* Classical Studies :* Education :* Jewish Studies :* Literature and Cultural Studies (under the Brill-Rodopi imprint) :* Media Studies :* Middle East and Islamic Studies :* Philosophy :* Religious Studies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong University Press
Hong Kong University Press is the university press of the University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong (HKU) (Chinese: 香港大學) is a public research university in Hong Kong. Founded in 1887 as the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, it is the oldest tertiary institution in Hong Kong. HKU was also the fi .... It was established in 1956 and publishes more than 50 titles per year in both Chinese and English. Most works in English are on cultural studies, film and media studies, Chinese history and culture. Brief Hong Kong University Press was established in 1956. At the beginning of the establishment, the press mainly published several books on studies done by the university's own faculty every year. It now releases between 30 and 60 new titles a year. All HKUP publications are approved by a committee of HKU faculty and staff, which bases its decisions on the results of a rigorous peer-review process. HKUP publishes most of its books (especially the acad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Asia Center
The Harvard University Asia Center is an interdisciplinary research and education unit of Harvard University, established on July 1, 1997, with the goal of "driving varied programs focusing on international relations in Asia and comparative studies of Asian countries and regions (...) and supplementing other Asia-related programs and institutes and the University and providing a focal point for interaction and exchange on topics of common interest for the Harvard community and Asian intellectual, political, and business circles," according to its charter. The Asia Center facilitates the scholarly study of Asian studies by coordinating activities which are spread across the University's departments and schools, and by integrating many disciplines. Among the areas which are covered are history, culture, economics, politics, diplomacy, security, and its relationships. Thus, the main emphasis of the Asia Center rests on human and social sciences, with the principal involvement of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Carnal Prayer Mat
''Rouputuan'', also known as ''Huiquanbao'' and ''Juehouchan'', and translated as ''The Carnal Prayer Mat'' or ''The Before Midnight Scholar'', is a 17th-century Chinese erotic novel published under a pseudonym but usually attributed to Li Yu. It was written in 1657 and published in 1693 during the Qing dynasty. It is divided into four volumes of five chapters apiece. It was published in Japan in 1705 as ''Nikubuton'' with a preface proclaiming it the greatest erotic novel of all time. The novel had a controversial status in Chinese literature, and has long been banned and censored; recent scholarship treats the work as an allegory which uses its unabashed pornographic nature to attack Confucian puritanism. The prologue comments that sex is healthy when taken as if it were a drug, but not as if it were ordinary food. Plot summary Set during the Yuan dynasty in the 14th century, the novel's protagonist, Weiyangsheng (未央生; lit. "Unrealised One" or "Unfinished One"), visits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Nine-tailed Turtle
''The Nine-tailed Turtle'' (, also translated as ''Nine-tailed Turtles'', ''Nine-headed Turtle'', or ''Nine-times Cuckold'') is a novel by (?-1935), an author from Piling (near modern-day Changzhou). The novel centres around the life of a scholar named Zhang Qiugu, who leaves his wife to spend time with famous courtesans in China's pleasure districts. The book was serialized from 1906 to 1910 and has 192 chapters, Wang, David Der-wei, p81 making it one of the longest novels produced in China's late Qing and early Republican eras. During that time, it was "phenomenally popular",Wang, David Der-wei, p87 and was one of the most widely read books of the 1920s,Starr, pxxi as well as one of the most popular novels of its time written partly in Wu Chinese. In the 20th century, many intellectuals criticised it for its erotic content, and during the intervening years it "fell into oblivion", with the result that by the 1980s it was difficult to obtain even a Chinese copy of the novel.Doar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Chinese Novel At The Turn Of The Century
''The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century'' is a 1980 book edited by Milena Doleželová-Velingerová, published by the University of Toronto Press. It was the first book that had been written in a Western language that chronicled fiction published in the final 15 years of the Qing Dynasty,Idema, p. 352 from 1897 to 1910.''Poetics Today'', p. 191. Development The book was created by a University of Toronto joint research seminar about late Qing fiction that began in 1971. Content The front page of the November 10, 1897 '' Guowen Bao'', a newspaper from Tianjin, is used as the front cover of the book. In that issue, the editors of the paper, Yan Fu (a.k.a. Yen Fu) and Xia Zengyou, posted an announcement that the newspaper's literary supplement was beginning.Hegel, p. 189. The book includes a total of nine essays.Liu, p. 183. The essays discuss critical theories and historical significance of various works. Cordell D.K. Yee's review noted that the conventional viewpoint regar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
