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Cypsela (botany)
The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae were first described in the year 1740. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchidaceae, and which is the larger family is unclear as the quantity of extant species in each family is unknown. Most species of Asteraceae are annual, biennial, or perennial herbaceous plants, but there are also shrubs, vines, and trees. The family has a widespread distribution, from subpolar to tropical regions in a wide variety of habitats. Most occur in hot desert and cold or hot semi-desert climates, and they are found on every continent but Antarctica. The primary common characteristic is the existence of sometimes hundreds of tiny individual florets which are held together by protective involucres in flower heads, or more t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astraeaceae
Diplocystaceae (alternatively spelled Diplocystidaceae or Diplocystidiaceae) is a family of fungi in the Boletales The Boletales are an order of Agaricomycetes containing over 1300 species with a diverse array of fruiting body types. The boletes are the best known members of this group, and until recently, the Boletales were thought to only contain boletes ... order. The family was described by mycologist Hanns Kreisel in 1974. References Boletales {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicki Ann Funk
Vicki Ann Funk (November 26, 1947 – October 22, 2019) was an American botanist and curator at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History, known for her work on members of the composite family (Asteraceae) including collecting plants in many parts of the world, as well as her synthetic work on phylogenetics and biogeography. Biography Funk was born on November 26, 1947, in Owensboro, Kentucky, to Edwin Joseph and Betty Ann (''née'' Massenburg) Funk. She had two brothers, Edwin Jr. and Jared Kirk. She grew up in Owensboro and at a few United States Air Force bases before she was in elementary school. Funk studied biology and history at Murray State University in Kentucky and received a Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in 1969. She had wanted to attend medical school, but decided against it after volunteering at a hospital one summer. After graduating, she lived and worked part-time in Germany for two years, then returned to the United States to teach high school ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; October 22, 1783September 18, 1840) was a French 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimately settling in Ohio in 1815, where he made notable contributions to botany, zoology, and the study of prehistoric earthworks in North America. He also contributed to the study of ancient Mesoamerican linguistics, in addition to work he had already completed in Europe. Rafinesque was an eccentric and erratic genius. He was an autodidact, who excelled in various fields of knowledge, as a zoologist, botanist, writer and polyglot. He wrote prolifically on such diverse topics as anthropology, biology, geology, and linguistics, but was honored in none of these fields during his lifetime. Indeed, he was an outcast in the American scientific community whose submissions were rejected automatically by leading journals. Among his theories were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link (2 February 1767 – 1 January 1851) was a German natural history, naturalist and botanist. Biography Link was born at Hildesheim as a son of the minister August Heinrich Link (1738–1783), who taught him love of nature through collection of 'natural objects'. He studied medicine and natural sciences at the Hannoverschen Landesuniversität of Göttingen, and graduated as MD in 1789, promoting on his thesis ''"Flora der Felsgesteine rund um Göttingen"'' (Flora of the rocky beds around Göttingen). One of his teachers was the famous natural scientist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840). He became a private tutor (''Privatdozent'') in Göttingen. In 1792 he became the first professor of the new department of chemistry, zoology and botany at the University of Rostock. During his stay at Rostock, he became an early follower of the antiphlogistic theory of Lavoisier, teaching about the existence of oxygen instead of phlogiston. He was also a pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Dietrich Giseke
Paul Dietrich Giseke (8 December 1741 Hamburg, Germany – 26 April 1796), was a German botanist, physician, teacher and librarian. Giseke was the son of a Hamburg merchant. He started his studies at the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg. He joined the University of Göttingen in 1764 and graduated in medicine in 1767. He then went on an extended trip through France and Sweden and met Linnaeus, becoming his student and a lifelong friend - Linnaeus named the genus '' Gisekia'', now in family Gisekiaceae, after him. Giseke made notes of Linnaeus' lectures and published them in 1792 as ''Praelectiones in Ordines Naturales Plantarum''. The book included an illustration "Tabula genealogico-geographica affinitatum plantarum secundum ordines naturales Linnaei" which showed the affinities of the families in a form similar to a geographical map. It included circles for families with the size indicating the number of genera contained. Back from his travels, he settled in Hamburg and started pra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wunderlichioideae
The Wunderlichioideae are a subfamily of flowering plants belonging to the family Asteraceae. The subfamily includes eight genera and about 24 species that are concentrated in Brazil (''Wunderlichia'') and Guyana (''Chimantaea'', ''Stenopadus'', and ''Stomatochaeta''), with some species in other South America countries (''Hyalis'' and ''Ianthopappus'') and others (''Nouelia'' and ''Leucomeris'') in Southeast Asia and the Himalayas.Panero, J. L., and V. A. FunkThe value of sampling anomalous taxa in phylogenetic studies: major clades of the Asteraceae revealed.Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2008; 47: 757-782. Distinguishing features of the members of this subfamily are presence of styles with glabrous style branches and a deletion in the ''rpoB'' gene. Two tribes, Wunderlicheae and Hyalideae, are recognised. References External links *Stevens, PF (2001 onwards)Asteraceae Angiosperm Phylogeny Website The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (or APweb) is a website dedicated to research on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stifftioideae
The Stifftioideae are a subfamily of the family Asteraceae family of flowering plants. It comprises a single tribe, Stifftieae, of ten genera. These plants are vines, shrubs or small trees with thin to leathery, hairless of felty haired leaves with leaf stalks and entire margins, set alternately or rarely oppositely along the branches. The flower heads are at the tip of the branches or rarely in the axils of the leaves, on their own or in open to tightly packed cymes. The involucre may be narrowly cylindrical to half globular, and consists of at least three whorls of overlapping and gradually changing bracts. The common base of the florets (or receptacle) does not carry a bract (or palea) subtending each floret. The florets are all bisexual and may have either a ligulate corolla, a disk corolla, or a bilabiate corolla (three lobes merged to a strap with teeth at the tip and two lobes free much further down), and the lobes may be strongly coiled. The corolla can be yellow, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pertyoideae
The Pertyoideae are a subfamily of the family Asteraceae of the flowering plants. It comprises a single tribe, Pertyeae, of six genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial .... References External links Tolweb Pertyoideae Asterales subfamilies {{Asteraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutisioideae
The Mutisioideae are a subfamily in the plant family Asteraceae that includes about 630 species assigned to 44 different genera. This subfamily is mainly native in South America, except for '' Adenocaulon'', '' Chaptalia'', '' Gerbera'', '' Trichocline'', which have species in all continents other than Europe and Antarctica. Common characters are the deeply incised corollas of the disc florets, with five lobes, sometimes merged in two lips, flower heads with overlapping involucral bracts, anthers with tails and pointy tips, the styles usually stick far out of the florets and are essentially hairless. Most species are herbs, but some are vines, shrubs, or small trees. Taxonomy The subfamily Mutisioideae consists of three tribes: - The Tree of Life Web Project ;Tribe |
Hecastocleidoideae
''Hecastocleis'' is a genus of low thorny shrubs with stiff branches, assigned to the daisy family. At the tip of each of the branches, inflorescences are subtended by oval, thorny, whitish to greenish bracts that enclose several flower heads which each contain only one pinkish bud, opening into a white corolla. It contains but one species, ''Hecastocleis shockleyi'', the only representative of the tribe Hecastocleideae, and of the subfamily Hecastocleidoideae. Its vernacular name is prickleleaf. It is confined to the southwestern United States. and Description ''Hecastocleis shockleyi'' is a xerophytic thorny shrub of , occasionally 1½ m (4 ft 11 in) high. It has sixteen chromosomes (2n=16). Leaves The leaves are alternately set along the branches. The leaf blades are hairless or with a few soft hairs, slightly olive green, stiff and leathery, with three main veins, linear to narrowly ovate in shape, long, their base approximately clasping the branch, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnarrhenoideae
Gymnarrhenoideae is a subfamily with in the family Asteraceae, with only one tribe, the Gymnarrheneae. Two very different species have been assigned to it, ''Gymnarrhena micrantha'', a winter annual from the deserts of North-Africa and the Middle-East, and ''Cavea tanguensis'', a perennial herb that grows on scree near streams and glaciers in the Eastern Himalayas. These species have very little in common, other than having two types of flower heads and sharing a tendency towards dioecism. Both also have basal leaf rosettes, stretched leaves, with few spaced teeth on the margin, and both lack spines and latex. Taxonomy The subfamily Gymnarrhenoideae and tribe Gymnarrheneae were erected in 2009 by Jose Panero and Vicki Funk to accommodate the isolated position of ''Gymnarrhena'' that is suggested by genetic analyses. A later analysis including rare species from China illustrated that ''Cavea'' is its sister taxon. Phylogeny Based on recent genetic analysis, it is now generall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gochnatioideae
The Gochnatioideae are a subfamily of the aster family, Asteraceae. It contains the single tribe GochnatieaePanero, J. L. and V. A. Funk. (2008)The value of sampling anomalous taxa in phylogenetic studies: major clades of the Asteraceae revealed.''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 47(2), 757-82. of six genera,Tellería, M. C., et al. (2013)Pollen morphology and its taxonomic significance in the tribe Gochnatieae (Compositae, Gochnatioideae).''Plant Systematics and Evolution'' 299(5), 935-48.Moreira-Muñoz, A. and M. Muñoz-Schick. (2007)Classification, diversity, and distribution of Chilean Asteraceae: implications for biogeography and conservation. ''Diversity and Distributions'' 13(6), 818-28. with a total of about 80 to 90 species. They are native to the Americas from the southern United States to Argentina, including the Caribbean, and Cuba in particular.Funk, V. A., et alClassification of Compositae. In: Funk, V. A., et al (eds.) ''Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
