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Cycloartane
Cycloartane is a triterpene, also known as 4,4,14-trimethyl-9,19-cyclo-5alpha,9beta-cholestane. Its derivative cycloartenol is the starting point for the synthesis of almost all plant steroids. See also * Lanostane * Cycloastragenol Cycloastragenol is a triterpenoid isolated from various legume species in the genus ''Astragalus'' that is purported to have telomerase activation activity. A preliminary ''in vitro'' study on human CD4 and CD8 T cells found that cycloastragenol ... * Cycloartenyl ferulate References Triterpenes {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triterpene
Triterpenes are a class of chemical compounds composed of three terpene units with the molecular formula C30H48; they may also be thought of as consisting of six isoprene units. Animals, plants and fungi all produce triterpenes, including squalene, the precursor to all steroids. Structures Triterpenes exist in a great variety of structures. Nearly 200 different skeletons have been identified. These skeletons may be broadly divided according to the number of rings present. In general pentacyclic structures (5 rings) tend to dominate. Squalene is biosynthesized through the head-to-head condensation of two farnesyl pyrophosphate units. This coupling converts a pair of C15 components into a C30 product. Squalene serves as precursor for the formation of many triterpenoids, including bacterial hopanoids and eukaryotic sterols. Triterpenoids By definition triterpenoids are triterpenes that possess heteroatoms, usually oxygen. The terms ''triterpene'' and ''triterpenoid'' oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cycloartenol
Cycloartenol is an important triterpenoid of the sterol class which is found in plants. It is the starting point for the synthesis of almost all plant steroids, making them chemically distinct from the steroids of fungi and animals, which are, instead, produced from lanosterol. Synthesis The biosynthesis of cycloartenol starts from the triterpenoid squalene. It is the first precursor in the biosynthesis of other stanols and sterols, referred to as phytostanols and phytosterols in photosynthetic Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored in c ... organisms and plants. The identities and distribution of phytostanols and phytosterols is characteristic of a plant species. References Sterols Triterpenes Cyclopropanes {{Alcohol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steroid
A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Hundreds of steroids are found in plants, animals and fungi. All steroids are manufactured in cells from the sterols lanosterol (opisthokonts) or cycloartenol (plants). Lanosterol and cycloartenol are derived from the cyclization of the triterpene squalene. The steroid core structure is typically composed of seventeen carbon atoms, bonded in four " fused" rings: three six-member cyclohexane rings (rings A, B and C in the first illustration) and one five-member cyclopentane ring (the D ring). Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this four-ring core and by the oxidation state of the rings. Sterols are forms of steroids with a hydroxy group at position three and a skeleton derived from cholestane. ''A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanostane
Lanostane or 4,4,14α-trimethylcholestane is a chemical compound with formula . It is a polycyclic hydrocarbon, specifically a triterpene. It is an isomer of cucurbitane. The name is applied to two stereoisomers, distinguished by the prefixes 5α- and 5β-, which differ by the handedness of the bonds at a particular carbon atom (number 5 in the standard steroid numbering scheme). File:5alpha-lanostane.svg, 5α-Lanostane File:5beta-lanostane.svg, 5β-Lanostane Replacement of a hydrogen atom attached to carbon number 3 in the 5α isomer with a hydroxyl group results in lanosterol, the biogenetic precursor of the steroid A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and a ...s in animals. References {{Saponins Lanostanes Triterpenes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cycloastragenol
Cycloastragenol is a triterpenoid isolated from various legume species in the genus ''Astragalus'' that is purported to have telomerase activation activity. A preliminary ''in vitro'' study on human CD4 and CD8 T cells found that cycloastragenol may moderately increase telomerase activity and inhibit the onset of cellular senescence. History Cycloastragenol was patented by Geron Corporation and sold to Telomerase Activation Sciences in early 2013 who are developing it as a product named TA-65. Bill Andrews of Sierra Sciences has done testing on the anti- aging aspect of TA-65;, as well as Maria Blasco in the journal ''Aging Cell'', finding no increase in murine median or mean lifespan but some physiological anti-aging effects without augmenting cancer incidence. TA sciences was served with a consent order by the Federal Trade Commission for deceptive advertising implying that TA-65 can reverse aging and repair DNA damage. Potential pharmacology Its mode of action is purpo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
