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Compression Artifacts
A compression artifact (or artefact) is a noticeable distortion of media (including Image, images, Sound recording, audio, and video) caused by the application of lossy compression. Lossy data compression involves discarding some of the media's data so that it becomes small enough to be stored within the desired File size, disk space or Data stream, transmitted (''streamed'') within the available Bandwidth (computing), bandwidth (known as the data rate or bit rate). If the compressor cannot store enough data in the compressed version, the result is a loss of quality, or introduction of artifacts. The compression algorithm may not be intelligent enough to discriminate between distortions of little subjective importance and those objectionable to the user. The most common digital compression artifacts are DCT blocks, caused by the discrete cosine transform (DCT) compression algorithm used in many digital media standards, such as JPEG, MP3, and MPEG video file formats. These com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sego Lily Cm-150
Sego may refer to: *UR-100, a Soviet ICBM *''Ségo'', a nickname in the French press for French politician and 2007 Socialist presidential candidate Ségolène Royal * Sego lily, a plant native to the western United States *Sego (diet drink) Sego was a US meal replacement, meal replacement diet drink formally marketed by Pet, Inc., (at the time ''Pet Milk'') as ''Sego Liquid Diet Food.'' Introduced in 1961 and selling for approximately US25¢ each, Sego sales registered US$22 million t ..., a discontinued diet drink introduced by Pet Milk in 1961 * Sego, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Sego, Utah, a ghost town in the United States See also * Sego Lily (other) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MiniDisc
MiniDisc (MD) is an erasable magneto-optical disc-based data storage format offering a capacity of 60, 74, or 80 minutes of digitized audio. Sony announced the MiniDisc in September 1992 and released it in November of that year for sale in Japan and in December in Europe, North America, and other countries. The music format was based on ATRAC audio data compression, Sony's own proprietary compression code. Its successor, Hi-MD, would later introduce the option of linear PCM digital recording to meet audio quality comparable to that of a compact disc. MiniDiscs were very popular in Japan and found moderate success in Europe. Although it was designed to succeed the cassette tape, it did not manage to supplant it globally. By March 2011, Sony had sold 22 million MD players, but discontinued further development. Sony ceased manufacturing and sold the last of the players by March 2013. On January 23, 2025, Sony announced they would end the production of recordable MD media ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Posterizing
Posterization or posterisation of an image is the conversion of a continuous gradation of tone to several regions of fewer tones, causing abrupt changes from one tone to another. This was originally done with photographic processes to create posters. It can now be done photographically or with digital image processing, and may be deliberate or an unintended artifact of color quantization. Posterization is often the first step in vectorization (tracing) of an image. Cause The effect may be created deliberately, or happen accidentally. For artistic effect, most image editing programs provide a posterization feature, or photographic processes may be used. Unwanted posterization, also known as banding, may occur when the color depth, sometimes called bit depth, is insufficient to accurately sample a continuous gradation of color tone. As a result, a continuous gradient appears as a series of discrete steps or bands of color — hence the name. When discussing fixed pixel displ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ringing Artifacts
In signal processing, particularly digital image processing, ringing artifacts are Artifact (error), artifacts that appear as spurious signals near sharp transitions in a signal. Visually, they appear as bands or "ghosts" near edges; audibly, they appear as "echos" near Transient (acoustics), transients, particularly sounds from percussion instruments; most noticeable are the pre-echos. The term "ringing" is because the output signal oscillates at a fading rate around a sharp transition in the input, similar to a Bell (instrument), bell after being struck. As with other artifacts, their minimization is a criterion in filter design. Introduction The main cause of ringing artifacts is due to a signal being bandlimited (specifically, not having high frequencies) or passed through a low-pass filter; this is the frequency domain description. In terms of the time domain, the cause of this type of ringing is the ripples in the sinc function,, section I.6, Enhancement: Frequency Doma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Difference 60 X5
Difference commonly refers to: * Difference (philosophy), the set of properties by which items are distinguished * Difference (mathematics), the result of a subtraction Difference, The Difference, Differences or Differently may also refer to: Music * Difference (album), ''Difference'' (album), by Dreamtale, 2005 * The Difference (album), ''The Difference'' (album), Pendleton, 2008 * The Difference (The Wallflowers song), "The Difference" (The Wallflowers song), 1997 * Differences (song), "Differences" (song), by Ginuwine, 2001 * Differently (album), ''Differently'' (album), by Cassie Davis, 2009 ** Differently (song), "Differently" (song), by Cassie Davis, 2009 * "Difference", a song by Benjamin Clementine from the 2022 album ''And I Have Been'' * "The Difference", a song by Matchbox Twenty from the 2002 album ''More Than You Think You Are'' * "The Difference", a song by Westlife from the 2009 album ''Where We Are'' * "The Difference", a song by Nick Jonas from the 2016 album ''L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basis Function
In mathematics, a basis function is an element of a particular basis for a function space. Every function in the function space can be represented as a linear combination of basis functions, just as every vector in a vector space can be represented as a linear combination of basis vectors. In numerical analysis and approximation theory, basis functions are also called blending functions, because of their use in interpolation: In this application, a mixture of the basis functions provides an interpolating function (with the "blend" depending on the evaluation of the basis functions at the data points). Examples Monomial basis for ''Cω'' The monomial basis for the vector space of analytic functions is given by \. This basis is used in Taylor series, amongst others. Monomial basis for polynomials The monomial basis also forms a basis for the vector space of polynomials. After all, every polynomial can be written as a_0 + a_1x^1 + a_2x^2 + \cdots + a_n x^n for some n \in \mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transform Coding
Transform coding is a type of data compression for "natural" data like audio signals or photographic images. The transformation is typically lossless (perfectly reversible) on its own but is used to enable better (more targeted) quantization, which then results in a lower quality copy of the original input (lossy compression). In transform coding, knowledge of the application is used to choose information to discard, thereby lowering its bandwidth. The remaining information can then be compressed via a variety of methods. When the output is decoded, the result may not be identical to the original input, but is expected to be close enough for the purpose of the application. Colour television NTSC One of the most successful transform encoding system is typically not referred to as such—the example being NTSC color television. After an extensive series of studies in the 1950s, Alda Bedford showed that the human eye has high resolution only for black and white, somewhat less f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantization (signal Processing)
Quantization, in mathematics and digital signal processing, is the process of mapping input values from a large set (often a continuous set) to output values in a (countable) smaller set, often with a finite number of elements. Rounding and truncation are typical examples of quantization processes. Quantization is involved to some degree in nearly all digital signal processing, as the process of representing a signal in digital form ordinarily involves rounding. Quantization also forms the core of essentially all lossy compression algorithms. The difference between an input value and its quantized value (such as round-off error) is referred to as quantization error, noise or distortion. A device or algorithm function, algorithmic function that performs quantization is called a quantizer. An analog-to-digital converter is an example of a quantizer. Example For example, Rounding#Round half up, rounding a real number x to the nearest integer value forms a very basic type of q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glitch Art
Glitch art is an art movement centering around the practice of using digital or analog errors, more so glitches, for aesthetic purposes by either corrupting digital data or physically manipulating electronic devices. It has also been regarded as an increasing trend in new media art, with it retroactively being described as developing over the course of the 20th century onward. History of the term As a technical word, a glitch is the unexpected result of a malfunction, especially occurring in software, video games, images, videos, audio, and other digital artefacts. The term came to be associated with music in the mid 90s to describe a genre of experimental electronic music, glitch music. Shortly after, as VJs and other visual artists began to embrace glitch as an aesthetic of the digital age, glitch art came to refer to a whole assembly of visual arts. One such early movement was later dubbed net.art, including early work by the art collective JODI, which was started by arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portable Network Graphics
Portable Network Graphics (PNG, officially pronounced , colloquially pronounced ) is a raster graphics, raster-graphics file graphics file format, format that supports lossless data compression. PNG was developed as an improved, non-patented replacement for Graphics Interchange Format (GIF). PNG supports palette-based images (with palettes of 24-bit RGB color model, RGB or 32-bit RGBA color space, RGBA colors), grayscale images (with or without an Alpha compositing, alpha channel for transparency), and full-color non-palette-based RGB or RGBA images. The PNG working group designed the format for transferring images on the Internet, not for professional-quality print graphics; therefore, non-RGB color spaces such as CMYK color model, CMYK are not supported. A PNG file contains a single image in an extensible structure of ''chunks'', encoding the basic pixels and other information such as textual comments and Integrity checker, integrity checks documented in Request for Comments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FLAC
FLAC (; Free Lossless Audio Codec) is an audio coding format for lossless compression of digital audio, developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation, and is also the name of the free software project producing the FLAC tools, the reference software package that includes a codec implementation. Digital audio compressed by FLAC's algorithm can typically be reduced to between 50 and 70 percent of its original size and decompresses to an identical copy of the original audio data. FLAC is an open format with royalty-free licensing and a reference implementation which is free software. FLAC supports metadata tagging, album cover art, and fast seeking. History Development was started in 2000 by Josh Coalson. The bitstream format was frozen with the release of version 0.9 of the reference implementation on 31 March 2001. Version 1.0 was released on 20 July 2001. On 29 January 2003, the Xiph.Org Foundation and the FLAC project announced the incorporation of FLAC under the Xiph.org banner. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
