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Cobra (snake)
Cobra is the common name of various snakes, most of which belong to the genus ''Naja''. Biology All of the known cobras are venomous and many are capable of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened.Two kinds of non-venomous snake, the hognose snakes and the striped keelback, also rear upwards and produce hoods but are not considered "cobras"; likewise, some venomous elapid snakes, such as the black mamba, are also capable of producing hoods but are not called "cobras". Other snakes known as "cobras" While the members of the genus ''Naja'' constitute the true cobras, the name ''cobra'' is also applied to these other genera and species: * The rinkhals, ringhals or ring-necked spitting cobra (''Hemachatus haemachatus'') so-called for its neck band as well as its habit of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened * The king cobra or hamadryad (''Ophiophagus hannah'') * The two species of tree cobras, Goldie's tree cobra (''Pseudohaje goldii'') and the bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Striped Keelback
The striped keelback (''Xenochrophis vittatus'') is a species of colubrid snake native to Indonesia. It has also been introduced to Singapore and Puerto Rico. Description The striped keelback is a medium sized snake, with females growing to about 70 cm in length and males reaching 50 cm. They are noticeably thin and are colored bronze with black stripes running down the top and sides of the body. The chin and ventral areas of this snake is barred black and white. Distribution The native range of this snake is the western parts of Indonesia, mostly Sumatra and Java. Boulenger reported this species in Sulawesi, but as this was in 1897 and no other records have been made it is likely this snake is not found there. They have been introduced to Singapore, with the first record in July 1982 at Pandan Gardens. It was first recorded in western Singapore, but has since spread to the eastern parts of the island where it can be found around beaches and mangrove swamps. The white-thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrodynastes Gigas
''Hydrodynastes gigas'' is a New World species of large, rear-fanged, Dipsadidae snake endemic to South America. It is commonly and alternatively known as the false water cobra and the Brazilian smooth snake.Warrell DA (2004). "Snakebites in Central and South America: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Clinical Management". ''In'': Campbell JA, Lamar WW (2004). ''The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 870 pp., 1,500 plates. . The false water cobra is so named because when the snake is threatened it "hoods" as a true cobra (''Naja'' species) does. Unlike a true cobra, though, it does not rear up, but remains in a horizontal position. No subspecies are currently recognized as being valid. Common names ''Hydrodynastes gigas'' is commonly referred to as the false water cobra, false cobra, South American water cobra, and Brazilian smooth snake. In South America, it is sometimes referred to as ''boipevassu''. Addit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrurus Fulvius
''Micrurus fulvius'', commonly known as the eastern coral snake,John L. Behler, Behler John L.; King, F. Wayne (1979). ''The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp., 657 color plates. LCCCN 79-2217. . (''Micrurus fulvius'', p. 681 + Plates 617, 618). common coral snake, American cobra,Albert Hazen WWright, Albert Hazen; Wright, Anna Allen (1957). ''Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes). . (''Micrurus fulvius'', pp. 890–897, Map 63, Figures 256–257). and #Common names, more, is a species of highly venomous coral snake in the Family (biology), family Elapidae. The species is Endemism, endemic to the southeastern United States. It should not be confused with the scarlet snake (''Cemophora coccinea'') or scarlet kingsnake (''Lampropeltis elapsoides''), which are harmless Batesian mimicry, mimics. No s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walterinnesia Aegyptia
''Walterinnesia aegyptia'', also known as the desert cobra or desert black snake, is a species of venomous snakes in the family Elapidae that is native to the Middle East. The specific epithet ''aegyptia'' (“of Egypt”) refers to part of its geographic range. Description and behaviour (See the article on the genus at ''Walterinnesia ''Walterinnesia'' is a genus of venomous snakes in the family Elapidae. The genus contains two species, known commonly as desert black snakes or black desert cobras, which are endemic to the Middle East."''Walterinnesia'' ". ITIS (Integrated Ta ...'') Distribution The range of the species encompasses southern Israel, north-western Saudi Arabia, western Jordan, Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula and possibly Lebanon. The Type (biology)#type locality, type locality is Cairo, where the Type (biology)#Type specimen, type specimen was purchased. Venom The desert cobra is highly venomous. The subcutaneous for the venom of ''W. aegyptia'' is 0.4 mg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shield-nosed Cobra
The shield-nosed cobra (''Aspidelaps scutatus'') is a venomous snake in the family Elapidae. It is found in South Africa, Botswana, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Eswatini and Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea .... They live 20-28 years old in captivity. This snake is venomous and has been known for at least one reported death of a human, even if bites are rare. The venom is neurotoxic and no currently known antivenom is available for this species. References Aspidelaps Reptiles of Africa Reptiles described in 1849 {{Elapidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspidelaps Lubricus
''Aspidelaps lubricus'', commonly known as the Cape coral snake or the Cape coral cobra, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to southern Africa. Geographic range and habitat ''A. lubricus'' is found in regions of the Karoo, former Cape Province, and all the way up into Namibia. It mostly inhabits very arid regions, like deserts and rocky/sandy ecosystems. These areas within South Africa within the Karoo are known for low predictable rainfall and little vegetation, mostly shrubs and scrubs. Taxonomy Etymology The subspecific name, ''cowlesi'', is in honor of African-born American herpetologist Raymond Bridgman Cowles. Description ''A. lubricus'' is a relatively small, slender bodied snake, around in total length (including tail), with some growing up to in some cases. The Cape coral snake is a small elapid Elapidae (, commonly known as elapids ; grc, ἔλλοψ ''éllops'' "sea-fish") is a family of snakes characterized by thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudohaje Nigra
The black tree cobra (''Pseudohaje nigra'') is a species of venomous tree cobra found in central and western Africa. This species is one of the two tree cobras in Africa, the other being Goldie's tree cobra (''Pseudohaje goldii''). Distribution and habitat ''P. nigra'' is found in Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Togo. Description ''P. nigra'' is black dorsally Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position prov ..., and brown ventrally. Adults may attain a total length (including tail) of . Boulenger GA. 1896. ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) ...'' London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudohaje Goldii
Goldie's tree cobra (''Pseudohaje goldii''), also (in error) known as Gold's tree cobra, is a species of venomous tree cobra (''Pseudohaje'' means "false cobra") endemic to Central and Western Africa. This species is one of the two tree cobras in Africa, the other being the black tree cobra (''Pseudohaje nigra''). Goldie's tree cobra is one of the most venomous snakes and creatures in Africa. Taxonomy Belgian-British zoologist George Albert Boulenger described the species in 1895. Boulenger GA (1895). "On some new or little-known Reptiles obtained by W. H. Crosse, Esq., on the Niger". ''Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Sixth Series'' 16: 32-34. (''Naia goldii'', new species, p. 34). The specific name, ''goldii'', is in honor of George Taubman Goldie, a Manx administrator in Nigeria.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Pseudohaje goldii'', p. 103). Description ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rinkhals
The rinkhals (; ''Hemachatus haemachatus''), also known as the ringhals or ring-necked spitting cobra, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is found in parts of southern Africa. It is not a true cobra in that it does not belong to the genus ''Naja'', but instead belongs to the monotypic genus ''Hemachatus''. While rinkhals bear a great resemblance to true cobras they also possess some remarkable differences from these, resulting in their placement outside the genus ''Naja''. Description Colouration varies throughout its distribution area, but a characteristic of the species is the belly is dark with one or two light-coloured crossbands on the throat. Their average length is 90–110 cm. Some individuals may have a mostly black body, while others are striped. Rinkhals scales are distinct from those of ''Naja'' cobras in that they are ridged and keel-like. Scale pattern Scalation: *dorsal scales are keeled *17–19 rows of dorsal scales at midb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
