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Chiroteuthidae
The Chiroteuthidae are a family of deep-sea squid, generally small to medium in size, rather soft and gelatinous, and slow moving. They are found in most temperate and tropical oceans, but are known primarily from the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Indo-Pacific. The family is represented by approximately 12 species and four subspecies in four genera, two of which are monotypic. They are sometimes known collectively as whip-lash squid, but this common name is also applied to the Mastigoteuthidae, which are sometimes treated as a subfamily (Mastigoteuthinae) of Chiroteuthidae. The monotypic genus ''Grimalditeuthis'' was once (and may still be) given its own family, Grimalditeuthidae. Generally speaking, chiroteuthids are not well represented by described specimens, because they are so often damaged during capture. Description The Chiroteuthidae are most notable for their unique paralarval stage, known as the doratopsis stage. Although morphology varies greatly within the fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asperoteuthis
''Asperoteuthis'' is a genus of chiroteuthid squid comprising four species: *'' Asperoteuthis acanthoderma'' Lu, 1977 *'' Asperoteuthis lui'' Salcedo-Vargas, 1999Salcedo-Vargas, M.A. 1999. An asperoteuthid squid (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Chiroteuthidae) from New Zealand misidentified as ''Architeuthis''. ''Zoosystematics and Evolution'' 75(1): 47–49. *''Asperoteuthis mangoldae'' Young, Vecchione & Roper Roper is a craftsman who makes ropes; a ropemaker. It may also refer to: Places *Roper, North Carolina, USA *Roper River, Northern Territory, Australia People * Roper (surname) Other *'' Roper v. Simmons'', a decision of the United States Sup ..., 2007 *'' Asperoteuthis nesisi'' Arkhipkin & Laptikhovsky, 2008Arkhipkin, A.I. & V.V. Laptikhovsky 2008. Discovery of the fourth species of the enigmatic chiroteuthid squid ''Asperoteuthis'' (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida) and extension of the range of the genus to the South Atlantic. ''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' 74(3): 203–207. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asperoteuthis Acanthoderma
''Asperoteuthis acanthoderma'' is a large species of squid belonging to the family Chiroteuthidae. It is characterised by the tiny, pointed tubercules present on its skin and a Y-shaped groove in the funnel locking apparatus. The largest recorded specimen measured in mantle length (ML), although its original total length is unknown as it was missing the very delicate feeding tentacles. A smaller specimen, ML, had tentacles 12 times the length of its mantle, giving a total length of almost .Tsuchiya, K. & T. Okutani 1993. Rare and interesting squids in Japan -X. Recent occurrences of big squids from Okinawa. ''Venus'' 52: 299-311. This makes ''A. acanthoderma'' one of the longest known cephalopods. The type specimen of ''A. acanthoderma'' was collected in the Celebes Sea and is deposited at the Zoologisk Museum of Københavns Universitet in Copenhagen. ''A. acanthoderma'' is also known from waters off the Cayman Islands, the Florida Keys, Okinawa, and Hawaii. The first known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grimalditeuthis
''Grimalditeuthis bonplandi'' is a squid named after the Grimaldi family, reigning house of Monaco. Prince Albert I of Monaco was an amateur teuthologist who pioneered the study of deep sea squids by collecting the 'precious regurgitations' of sperm whales. The specific name ''bonplandi'' refers to the French scientist Aimé Bonpland. The squid was observed alive in the wild for the first time in 2005 in a study. ''Grimalditeuthis bonplandi'' is a bioluminescent species. This species shows an interesting case of aggressive mimicry, with the tips of the long tentacles having the appearance of a small harmless squid. It lures fish and other squids by dangling the tips of the tentacles very far away from its body, then quickly snatching the fooled prey into its death. Intact tentacles suspected to be from this species have been found inside the longnose lancetfish. Distribution This squid has been infrequently encountered, but it is believed to exist worldwide. It lives in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squid
True squid are molluscs with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes, though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting these criteria. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. They are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius (cephalopod), gladius or pen, made of chitin. Squid diverged from other cephalopods during the Jurassic and occupy a similar role to teleost fish as open water predators of similar size and behaviour. They play an important role in the open water food web. The two long tentacles are used to grab prey and the eight arms to hold and control it. The beak then cuts the food into suitable size chunks for swallowing. Squid are rapid swimmers, moving by Aquatic locomotion#Jet propulsion, jet propulsion, and largely locate their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mastigoteuthidae
The Mastigoteuthidae, also known as whip-lash squid, are a family of small deep-sea squid. Approximately 20 known species in six genera are represented, with members found in both the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zone of most oceans. Originally described by Verill in 1881, it was later lowered by Chun (1920) to a subfamily (Mastigoteuthinae) of the Chiroteuthidae. However, Roper et al. (1969) raised it back to the family level, and this has not been changed since. The taxonomy of this family is extremely unstable, and there have been at times one genus (Young, Lindgren, & Vecchione, 2008), two genera and four subgenera(Salcedo-Vargas & Okutani, 1994), two genera and several 'groups' (Salcedo-Vargas, 1997), five genera (Braid, McBride, & Bolstad, 2014) and one species with an uncertain placement, or six genera (Young, Vecchione, & Braid, 2014). Description Mastigoteuthids range in size from quite small species in the genus '' Mastigoteuthis'', to relatively gigantic sizes in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiroteuthis Imperator
''Chiroteuthis imperator,'' or the emperor squid is a species of chiroteuthid squid. It lives off the coast of Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ... in the Indo-Pacific Ocean.. It grows to a mantle length of 30 cm, and has incredibly long arms which give it a total length of probably 1,6m.. References Squ ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grimalditeuthis Bonplandi
''Grimalditeuthis bonplandi'' is a squid named after the Grimaldi family, reigning house of Monaco. Prince Albert I of Monaco was an amateur teuthologist who pioneered the study of deep sea squids by collecting the 'precious regurgitations' of sperm whales. The specific name ''bonplandi'' refers to the French scientist Aimé Bonpland. The squid was observed alive in the wild for the first time in 2005 in a study. ''Grimalditeuthis bonplandi'' is a bioluminescent species. This species shows an interesting case of aggressive mimicry, with the tips of the long tentacles having the appearance of a small harmless squid. It lures fish and other squids by dangling the tips of the tentacles very far away from its body, then quickly snatching the fooled prey into its death. Intact tentacles suspected to be from this species have been found inside the longnose lancetfish. Distribution This squid has been infrequently encountered, but it is believed to exist worldwide. It lives in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planctoteuthis
''Planctoteuthis'' is a genus of chiroteuthid squid comprising five species, occurring worldwide in lower mesopelagic to bathypelagic depths in tropical to temperate waters. It has been suggested that members of ''Planctoteuthis'' are neotenic, retaining characteristics of the doratopsis developmental stage. This is marked in the retention of the paralarval tentacular club, unique among subadult chiroteuthids. Members lack both photophores and a funnel valve. The genus was originally placed within the monotypic family Valbyteuthidae, under the name ''Valbyteuthis''. Similarities between the paralavae of ''Valbyteuthis'' and ''Chiroteuthis'' led to its inclusion in the family Chiroteuthidae. Eventually, ''Valbyteuthis'' was incorporated as a junior synonym of ''Planctoteuthis'', citing previous descriptions of the paralarvae. Species * ''Planctoteuthis danae'' * ''Planctoteuthis exopthalmica'' * ''Planctoteuthis levimana'' * ''Planctoteuthis lippula ''Planctoteuthis'' is a gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ink Sac
An ink sac is an anatomical feature that is found in many cephalopod mollusks used to produce the defensive cephalopod ink. With the exception of nocturnal and very deep water cephalopods, all Coleoidea (squid, octopus and cuttlefish) which dwell in light conditions have an ink sac, which can be used to expel a cloud of dark ink in order to confuse predators. The ink sac is a muscular bag which originated as an extension of the hind gut; it is a modified hypobranchial gland.Nair, J.R., D. Pillai, S.M. Joseph, P. Gomathi, P.V. Senan & P.M. Sherief (2011). ''Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences'' 40(1): 13–27. It lies beneath the gut and opens into the anus, into which its contents – almost pure melanin – can be squirted; its proximity to the base of the funnel means that the ink can be distributed by ejected water as the cephalopod uses its jet propulsion. The ejected cloud of melanin is bound by mucus Mucus ( ) is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photophore
A photophore is a glandular organ that appears as luminous spots on various marine animals, including fish and cephalopods. The organ can be simple, or as complex as the human eye; equipped with lenses, shutters, color filters and reflectors, however unlike an eye it is optimized to produce light, not absorb it. The bioluminescence can variously be produced from compounds during the digestion of prey, from specialized mitochondrial cells in the organism called photocytes ("light producing" cells), or, similarly, associated with symbiotic bacteria in the organism that are cultured. The character of photophores is important in the identification of deep sea fishes. Photophores on fish are used for attracting food or for camouflage from predators by counter-illumination. Photophores are found on some cephalopods including the firefly squid, which can create impressive light displays, as well as numerous other deep sea organisms such as the pocket shark Mollisquama mississippien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tentacle
In zoology, a tentacle is a flexible, mobile, and elongated organ present in some species of animals, most of them invertebrates. In animal anatomy, tentacles usually occur in one or more pairs. Anatomically, the tentacles of animals work mainly like muscular hydrostats. Most forms of tentacles are used for grasping and feeding. Many are sensory organs, variously receptive to touch, vision, or to the smell or taste of particular foods or threats. Examples of such tentacles are the eyestalks of various kinds of snails. Some kinds of tentacles have both sensory and manipulatory functions. A tentacle is similar to a cirrus, but a cirrus is an organ that usually lacks the tentacle's strength, size, flexibility, or sensitivity. A nautilus has cirri, but a squid has tentacles. Invertebrates Molluscs Many molluscs have tentacles of one form or another. The most familiar are those of the pulmonate land snails, which usually have two sets of tentacles on the head: when extended ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tragus (ear)
The tragus is a small pointed eminence of the external ear, situated in front of the concha, and projecting backward over the meatus. It also is the name of hair growing at the entrance of the ear. Its name comes the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'goat', and is descriptive of its general covering on its under surface with a tuft of hair, resembling a goat's beard. The nearby antitragus projects forwards and upwards. Because the tragus faces rearwards, it aids in collecting sounds from behind. These sounds are delayed more than sounds arriving from the front, assisting the brain to sense front vs. rear sound sources. In a positive fistula test (for the presence of a fistula from cholesteatoma to the labyrinth), pressure on the tragus causes vertigo or eye deviation by inducing movement of perilymph. Other animals The tragus is a key feature in many bat species. As a piece of skin in front of the ear canal, it plays an important role in directing sounds into the ear for prey locati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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