Chemical Reaction Network

	Chemical Reaction Network Chemical reaction network theory is an area of applied mathematics that attempts to model the behaviour of real-world chemical systems. Since its foundation in the 1960s, it has attracted a growing research community, mainly due to its applications in biochemistry and theoretical chemistry. It has also attracted interest from pure mathematicians due to the interesting problems that arise from the mathematical structures involved. History Dynamical properties of reaction networks were studied in chemistry and physics after the invention of the law of mass action. The essential steps in this study were introduction of detailed balance for the complex chemical reactions by Rudolf Wegscheider (1901), development of the quantitative theory of chemical chain reactions by Nikolay Semyonov (1934), development of kinetics of catalytic reactions by Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, and many other results. Three eras of chemical dynamics can be revealed in the flux of research and publications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Applied Mathematics Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models. In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics. History Historically, applied mathematics consisted principally of applied analysis, most notably differential equations; approximation theory (broadly construed, to include representations, asymptotic methods, variational ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Archive For Rational Mechanics And Analysis The ''Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis'' is a scientific journal that is devoted to research in mechanics as a deductive, mathematical science. The current editors in chief of the journal are Felix Otto and Vladimir Sverak. It was founded in 1956 by Clifford Truesdell when he moved from Indiana University to Johns Hopkins and lost control of a similar journal he had founded a few years previously, the ''Journal of Rational Mechanics and Analysis'' (now the ''Indiana University Mathematics Journal''). Gianfranco Capriz. writes that Truesdell's ideals of mathematical and typesetting rigor gave the new journal a high reputation: James Serrin James Burton Serrin (1 November 1926, Chicago, Illinois – 23 August 2012, Minneapolis, Minnesota) was an American mathematician, and a professor at University of Minnesota. Life He received his doctorate from Indiana University in 1951 under t ..., a later editor of the Archive, adds that it became the center of a revival of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Chemical Reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the Atomic nucleus, nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive Chemical element, elements where both electronic and nuclear changes can occur. The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reagent, reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more Product (chemistry), products, which usually have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a sequence o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Intersection (set Theory) In set theory, the intersection of two sets A and B, denoted by A \cap B, is the set containing all elements of A that also belong to B or equivalently, all elements of B that also belong to A. Notation and terminology Intersection is written using the symbol "\cap" between the terms; that is, in infix notation. For example: \\cap\=\ \\cap\=\varnothing \Z\cap\N=\N \\cap\N=\ The intersection of more than two sets (generalized intersection) can be written as: \bigcap_^n A_i which is similar to capital-sigma notation. For an explanation of the symbols used in this article, refer to the table of mathematical symbols. Definition The intersection of two sets A and B, denoted by A \cap B, is the set of all objects that are members of both the sets A and B. In symbols: A \cap B = \. That is, x is an element of the intersection A \cap B if and only if x is both an element of A and an element of B. For example: * The intersection of the sets and is . * The number 9 is in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Reagent In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms ''reactant'' and ''reagent'' are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance ''consumed'' in the course of a chemical reaction. ''Solvents'', though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, ''catalysts'' are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates. Definitions Organic chemistry In organic chemistry, the term "reagent" denotes a chemical ingredient (a compound or mixture, typically of inorganic or small organic molecules) introduced to cause the desired transformation of an organic substance. Examples include the Collins reagent, Fenton's reagent, and Grignard reagents. Analytical chemistry In analytical chemistry, a reagent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Set (mathematics) A set is the mathematical model for a collection of different things; a set contains '' elements'' or ''members'', which can be mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other sets. The set with no element is the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton. A set may have a finite number of elements or be an infinite set. Two sets are equal if they have precisely the same elements. Sets are ubiquitous in modern mathematics. Indeed, set theory, more specifically Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, has been the standard way to provide rigorous foundations for all branches of mathematics since the first half of the 20th century. History The concept of a set emerged in mathematics at the end of the 19th century. The German word for set, ''Menge'', was coined by Bernard Bolzano in his work ''Paradoxes of the Infinite''. Georg Cantor, one of the founders of set theory, gave the following defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology ''Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology'' is a peer-reviewed book series. It covers the broad fields of experimental medicine and biology. The series was established in 1967 and is published by Springer Nature. The editors-in-chief are Wim E. Crusio (French National Centre for Scientific Research and University of Bordeaux), Haidong Dong ( Mayo Clinic), Heinfried H. Radeke (Goethe University), Nima Rezaei (Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Ortrud Steinlein ( Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich), and Junjie Xiao (Shanghai University). Abstracting and indexing The series is abstracted and indexed in: BIOSIS Previews Embase Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed Science Citation Index Expanded Scopus According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the series has a 2020 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Grigoriy Yablonsky Grigoriy Yablonsky (or Yablonskii) (russian: Григорий Семенович Яблонский) is an expert in the area of chemical kinetics and chemical engineering, particularly in catalytic technology of complete and selective oxidation, which is one of the main driving forces of sustainable development. His theory of complex steady-state and non-steady state catalytic reactions, is widely used by research teams in many countries of the world (USA, UK, Belgium, Germany, France, Norway and Thailand). Now, Grigoriy Yablonsky serves as an Associate Research Professor of Chemistry at Saint Louis University’s Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology and SLU’s College of Arts and Sciences. Since 2006, Yablonsky is an editor of the Russian-Americaalmanac "Middle West" Some recent scientific achievements Yablonsky – together with Lazman, developed the general form of steady-state kinetic description (‘kinetic polynomial’) which is a non-linear genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Alexander Nikolaevich Gorban Alexander Nikolaevich Gorban (russian: Александр Николаевич Горба́нь) is a scientist of Russian origin, working in the United Kingdom. He is a professor at the University of Leicester, and director of its Mathematical Modeling Centre. Gorban has contributed to many areas of fundamental and applied science, including statistical physics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, machine learning and mathematical biology. Gorban is the author of about 20 books and 300 scientific publications. He has founded several scientific schools in the areas of physical and chemical kinetics, dynamical systems theory and artificial neural networks, and is ranked as one of the 1000 most cited researchers of Russian origin.According to http://www.scientific.ru/ , 2012 Gorban has supervised 6 habilitations and more than 30 PhD theses. Biography Alexander N. Gorban was born in Omsk on 19 April 1952. His father Nikolai Vasilievich Gorban was a historian and writer exiled to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Journal Of Mathematical Biology '' Journal of Mathematical Biology'' is a peer-reviewed, mathematics journal, published by Springer Verlag. Founded in 1974, the journal publishes articles on mathematical biology. In particular, papers published in this journal 'should either provide biological insight as a result of mathematical analysis or identify and open up challenging new types of mathematical problems that derive from biological knowledge'. It is the official journal of the European Society for Mathematical and Theoretical Biology. The editors-in-chief are Thomas Hillen, Anna Marciniak-Czochra, and Mark Lewis. Its 2020 impact factor is 2.259. Abstracting and indexing This journal is indexed in the following databases: Thomson Reuters : BIOSIS : Biological Abstracts : Current Contents / Life Sciences : Journal Citation Reports : Science Citation Index Expanded : Zoological Record : PubMed/Medline ( Web of Knowledge) Gale : Academic OneFile : Expanded Academic EBSCO host : Academic Search : EB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Society For Industrial And Applied Mathematics Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is a professional society dedicated to applied mathematics, computational science, and data science through research, publications, and community. SIAM is the world's largest scientific society devoted to applied mathematics, and roughly two-thirds of its membership resides within the United States. Founded in 1951, the organization began holding annual national meetings in 1954, and now hosts conferences, publishes books and scholarly journals, and engages in advocacy in issues of interest to its membership. Members include engineers, scientists, and mathematicians, both those employed in academia and those working in industry. The society supports educational institutions promoting applied mathematics. SIAM is one of the four member organizations of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics. Membership Membership is open to both individuals and organizations. By the end of its first full year of operation, SIAM had 130 memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	P-matrix In mathematics, a -matrix is a complex square matrix with every principal minor is positive. A closely related class is that of P_0-matrices, which are the closure of the class of -matrices, with every principal minor \geq 0. Spectra of -matrices By a theorem of Kellogg, the eigenvalues of - and P_0- matrices are bounded away from a wedge about the negative real axis as follows: :If \ are the eigenvalues of an -dimensional -matrix, where n>1, then ::, \arg(u_i), < \pi - \frac,\ i = 1,...,n :If $\$ , $u_i \neq 0$ , $i = 1,...,n$ are the eigenvalues of an -dimensional $P_0$ -matrix, then :: $, \arg(u_i), \leq \pi - \frac,\ i = 1,...,n$ Remarks The class of nonsingular ''M''-matrices is a subset of the class of -matrices. More precisely, all matrices that are both -matrices and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

Remarks