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Beta Scale
The β (beta) scale is a non-octave-repeating musical scale invented by Wendy Carlos and first used on her album ''Beauty in the Beast'' (1986). It is derived from approximating just intervals using multiples of a single interval without, as is standard in equal temperaments, requiring an octave (2:1). It may be approximated by splitting the perfect fifth (3:2) into eleven equal parts 3:2) ≈ 63.8 cents It may be approximated by splitting the perfect fourth (4:3) into two equal parts 4:3)Milano, Dominic (November 1986)"A Many-Colored Jungle of Exotic Tunings" ''Keyboard''. or eight equal parts 4:3) = 64 centsCarlos, Wendy (2000/1986). "Liner notes", ''Beauty in the Beast''. ESD 81552. totaling approximately 18.8 steps per octave. The scale step may also precisely be derived from using 11:6 (B, 1049.36 cents, ) to approximate the interval , which equals 6:5 . \frac=0.05319411048 and 0.05319411048\times1200=63.832932576 () Although neither has an octave, one advantage to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perfect Fourth On C
Perfect commonly refers to: * Perfection; completeness, and excellence * Perfect (grammar), a grammatical category in some languages Perfect may also refer to: Film and television * ''Perfect'' (1985 film), a romantic drama * ''Perfect'' (2018 film), a science fiction thriller * "Perfect" (''Doctors''), a 2004 television episode Literature * ''Perfect'' (Friend novel), a 2004 novel by Natasha Friend * ''Perfect'' (Hopkins novel), a young adult novel by Ellen Hopkins * ''Perfect'' (Joyce novel), a 2013 novel by Rachel Joyce * ''Perfect'' (Shepard novel), a Pretty Little Liars novel by Sara Shepard * ''Perfect'', a young adult science fiction novel by Dyan Sheldon Music * Perfect interval, in music theory * Perfect Records, a record label Artists * Perfect (musician) (born 1980), reggae singer * Perfect (Polish band) * Perfect (American band), an American alternative rock group Albums * ''Perfect'' (Intwine album) (2004) * ''Perfect'' (Half Japanese album) (201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seventh Harmonic
Seventh is the ordinal form of the number seven. Seventh may refer to: * Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution * A fraction (mathematics), , equal to one of seven equal parts Film and television *"The Seventh", a second-season episode of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' Music * A seventh (interval), the difference between two pitches ** Diminished seventh, a chromatically reduced minor seventh interval ** Major seventh, the larger of two commonly occurring musical intervals that span seven diatonic scale degrees ** Minor seventh, the smaller of two commonly occurring musical intervals that span seven diatonic scale degrees ** Harmonic seventh, the interval of exactly 4:7, whose approximation to the minor seventh in equal temperament explains the "sweetness" of the dominant seventh chord in a major key ** Augmented seventh, an interval * Leading-tone or subtonic, the seventh degree and the chord built on the seventh degree * Seventh chord, a chord consisting of a triad p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Temperaments
Equal(s) may refer to: Mathematics * Equality (mathematics). * Equals sign (=), a mathematical symbol used to indicate equality. Arts and entertainment * ''Equals'' (film), a 2015 American science fiction film * ''Equals'' (game), a board game * The Equals, a British pop group formed in 1965 * "Equal", a 2016 song by Chrisette Michele from ''Milestone'' * "Equal", a 2022 song by Odesza featuring Låpsley from '' The Last Goodbye'' * "Equals", a 2009 song by Set Your Goals from ''This Will Be the Death of Us'' * ''Equal'' (TV series), a 2020 American docuseries on HBO * ''='' (album), a 2021 album by Ed Sheeran * "=", a 2022 song by J-Hope from ''Jack in the Box'' Other uses * Equal (sweetener), a brand of artificial sweetener. * EQUAL Community Initiative, an initiative within the European Social Fund of the European Union. See also * Equality (other) * Equalizer (other) Equalizer, Equaliser, or The Equalizer may refer to: Science and technology * Equali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamma Scale
Gamma (; uppercase , lowercase ; ) is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 3. In Ancient Greek, the letter gamma represented a voiced velar stop . In Modern Greek, this letter normally represents a voiced velar fricative , except before either of the two front vowels (/e/, /i/), where it represents a voiced palatal fricative ; while /g/ in foreign words is instead commonly transcribed as γκ). In the International Phonetic Alphabet and other modern Latin-alphabet based phonetic notations, it represents the voiced velar fricative. History The Greek letter Gamma Γ is a grapheme derived from the Phoenician letter (''gīml'') which was rotated from the right-to-left script of Canaanite to accommodate the Greek language's writing system of left-to-right. The Canaanite grapheme represented the /g/ phoneme in the Canaanite language, and as such is cognate with ''gimel'' ג of the Hebrew alphabet. Based on its name, the lett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohlen–Pierce Scale
The Bohlen–Pierce scale (BP scale) is a musical musical tuning, tuning and scale (music), scale, first described in the 1970s, that offers an alternative to the octave-repeating scales typical in Classical music, Western and other musics, specifically the equal temperament, equal-tempered diatonic scale. The interval 3:1 (often called by a new name, ''tritave'') serves as the fundamental harmonic ratio, replacing the diatonic scale's 2:1 (the octave) with a perfect twelfth (an octave higher than a perfect fifth). For any pitch that is part of the BP scale, all pitches one or more tritaves higher or lower are part of the system as well, and are considered equivalent. The BP scale divides the tritave into 13 steps, either Equal temperament, equal tempered (the most popular form), or in a Just intonation, justly tuned version. Compared with octave-repeating scales, the BP scale's interval (music), intervals are more consonance and dissonance, consonant with certain types of acous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19 Equal Temperament
In music, 19 equal temperament, called 19 TET, 19 EDO ("Equal Division of the Octave"), 19-ED2 ("Equal Division of 2:1) or 19 Equal temperament, ET, is the musical temperament, tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 19 equal steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represents a frequency ratio of , or 63.16 cent (music), cents (). The fact that traditional western music maps unambiguously onto this scale (unless it presupposes 12-EDO enharmonic equivalences) makes it easier to perform such music in this tuning than in many other tunings. 19 EDO is the tuning of the syntonic temperament in which the tempered perfect fifth is equal to 694.737 cents, as shown in Figure 1 (look for the label "19 TET"). On an isomorphic keyboard, the fingering of music composed in 19 EDO is precisely the same as it is in any other syntonic tuning (such as 12-TET, 12 EDO), so long as the notes are "spelled properly" – that is, with no assumption t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Taruskin
Richard Filler Taruskin (April 2, 1945 – July 1, 2022) was an American musicologist and music critic who was among the leading and most prominent music historians of his generation. The breadth of his scrutiny into source material as well as musical analysis that combines sociological, cultural, and political perspectives has incited much discussion, debate and controversy. He regularly wrote music criticism for newspapers including ''The New York Times''. He researched a wide variety of areas, but a central topic was Russian music from the 18th century to the present day. Other subjects he engaged with include the theory of performance, 15th-century music, 20th-century classical music, nationalism in music, the theory of modernism, and analysis. He is best known for his monumental survey of Western classical music, the six-volume '' Oxford History of Western Music''. His awards include the first Noah Greenberg Award from the American Musicological Society in 1978 and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diminished Seventh Chord
The diminished seventh chord is a four-note chord (a seventh chord) composed of a Root (chord), root note, together with a minor third, a diminished fifth, and a diminished seventh above the root: (1, 3, 5, 7). For example, the diminished seventh chord built on B, commonly Chord names and symbols (popular music), written as B7, has pitches B-D-F-A: : The chord consists of a diminished triad plus the diminished seventh above the root. These four notes form a stack of three Interval (music), intervals which are all minor thirds. Since stacking yet another minor third returns to the root note, the four Inversion (music), inversions of a diminished seventh chord are symmetrical. The Pitch class#Integer notation, integer notation is . Since the diminished seventh interval is enharmonically equivalent to a major sixth, the chord is enharmonically equivalent to (1, 3, 5, 6). The diminished seventh chord occurs as a leading-tone seventh chord in the harm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Delta Scale
The δ (delta) scale is a non-octave repeating musical scale. It may be regarded as the beta scale's reciprocal, since it is "as far 'down' the ( 0 3 6 9) circle from α as β is 'up'".Taruskin, Richard (1996). ''Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions: A Biography of the Works through Mavra'', p. 1394. . As such it would split the minor second (presumably 16:15) into eight equal parts of approximately 14 cents each . This would total approximately 85.7 steps per octave. The scale step may also precisely be derived from using 50:28 (25:14, 1003.8 cents, A, ) to approximate the interval , which equals 6:5 (E, 315.64 cents, ). Thus the step is approximately 13.946 cents, and there are 86.049 steps per octave. :\begin \frac = 0.011\,621\,2701 \\ 0.011\,621\,2701 \times 1200 = 13.945\,524\,1627 \end () The Bohlen–Pierce delta scale is based on the tritave and the 7:5:3 "wide" triad () and the 9:7:5 "narrow" triad () (rather than the conventional 4:5:6 triad). Notes inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triad (music)
In music, a triad is a set of three notes (or "pitch classes") that can be stacked vertically in thirds.Ronald Pen, ''Introduction to Music'' (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992): 81. . "A triad is a set of notes consisting of three notes built on successive intervals of a third. A triad can be constructed upon any note by adding alternating notes drawn from the scale.... In each case the note that forms the foundation pitch is called the ''root'', the middle tone of the triad is designated the ''third'' (because it is separated by the interval of a third from the root), and the top tone is referred to as the ''fifth'' (because it is a fifth away from the root)." Triads are the most common chord (music), chords in Western music. When stacked in thirds, notes produce triads. The triad's members, from lowest-pitched tone to highest, are called: * the root **Note: Inversion (music)#Inverted chords, Inversion does not change the root. (The third or fifth can be the lowest note.) * the third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Sethares
William A. Sethares (born April 19, 1955) is an American music theorist and professor of electrical engineering at the University of Wisconsin. In music, he has contributed to the theory of Dynamic Tonality and provided a formalization of consonance. Consonance and dissonance Among the earliest musical traditions, musical consonance was thought to arise in a quasi-mystical manner from ratios of small whole numbers. (For instance, Pythagoras made observations relating to this, and the ancient Chinese Guqin contains a dotted scale representing the harmonic series.) The source of these ratios, in the pattern of vibrations known as the harmonic series, was exposed by Joseph Sauveur the early 18th century and even more clearly by Helmholtz in the 1860s. In 1965, Plomp and Levelt showed that this relationship could be generalized beyond the harmonic series, although they did not elaborate in detail. In the 1990s, Sethares began exploring Plomp and Levelt's generalization, both mathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha Scale
The (alpha) scale is a non-octave-repeating musical scale invented by Wendy Carlos and first used on her album ''Beauty in the Beast'' (1986). It is derived from approximating just intervals using multiples of a single interval, but without requiring (as temperaments normally do) an octave (2:1). It may be approximated by dividing the perfect fifth (3:2) into nine equal steps, with frequency ratio \ \left( \tfrac \right)^\ , or by dividing the minor third (6:5) into four frequency ratio steps of \ \left( \tfrac \right)^ ~. The size of this scale step may also be precisely derived from using 9:5 B, 1017.60 cents, to approximate the interval E, 315.64 cents, . : Carlos' (alpha) scale arises from ... taking a value for the scale degree so that nine of them approximate a 3:2 perfect fifth, five of them approximate a 5:4 major third, and four of them approximate a 6:5 minor third. In order to make the approximation as good as possible we minimize the mean s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
