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Brachyopoid
Brachyopoidea is a superfamily of temnospondyls that lived during the Mesozoic. It contains the families Brachyopidae and Chigutisauridae. The earliest records of brachyopids are from the Lower Triassic in Australia. The latest-surviving member of the superfamily is the chigutisaurid ''Koolasuchus'' from the Early Cretaceous of Australia. Description Some large brachiopoids, such as ''Siderops'' and ''Koolasuchus'', grew to lengths of around . However, an unnamed Late Triassic or Early Jurassic brachiopoid from Lesotho in southern Africa is estimated to have been far larger. At an estimated , the brachiopoid from Lesotho is one of the largest amphibians ''sensu lato'' ever known. This estimate is based on a single jaw fragment found in 1970 by a French expedition near Alwynskop in Quthing. Because of its size, the fragment was initially considered to be from a mastodonsaur. However, Several features of the specimen indicate that it is from a brachyopoid. There is a large t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temnospondyl
Temnospondyli (from Greek language, Greek τέμνειν, ''temnein'' 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, ''spondylos'' 'vertebra') is a diverse order (biology), order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered Labyrinthodontia, primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic periods. A few species continued into the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Fossils have been found on every continent. During about 210 million years of evolutionary history, they adapted to a wide range of habitats, including freshwater, terrestrial, and even coastal marine environments. Their life history is well understood, with fossils known from the larval stage, metamorphosis, and maturity. Most temnospondyls were semiaquatic, although some were almost fully terrestrial, returning to the water only to breed. These temnospondyls were some of the first vertebrates fully adapted to life on land. Although temnospondyls are considered amphibians, many had cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batrachosaurus
''Batrachosaurus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric brachyopoid amphibian that lived in Germany during the Middle Triassic (Ladinian). The genus was named by Joseph Fitzinger in 1837 and the type species, ''B. jaegeri'', was named three years later in 1840. It may have been the same animal as ''Mastodonsaurus''. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Brachyopids {{temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koolasuchus
''Koolasuchus'' is an extinct genus of brachyopoid temnospondyl in the family Chigutisauridae. Fossils have been found from Victoria, Australia and date back 120 Ma to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous. ''Koolasuchus'' is the youngest known temnospondyl. ''Koolasuchus'' is known from several fragments of the skull and other bones such as vertebrae, ribs, and pectoral elements. The type species ''Koolasuchus cleelandi'' was named in 1997. ''Koolasuchus cleelandi'' was adopted as the fossil emblem for the state of Victoria, Australia on 13 January 2022. History The first fossil of temnospondyls found in the Strzelecki Group was NMV-PI56988, the posterior fragment of a jaw, collected around 1980. The jaw fragment was first mentioned in a 1986 publication by Anne Warren and R. Jupp, who did not definitively identify it as that of a temnospondyl due to the Cretaceous age of the specimen, much younger than any other known temnospondyl specimen at the time. In 1991, additional re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siderops2DB
''Siderops'' is an extinct genus of chigutisaurid temnospondyl from Early Jurassic of Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ..., containing the species ''S. kehli''. It is solely known from the holotype specimen, which consists of a nearly complete skull with mandible and postcrania were found within the Westgrove Ironstone Member of the Evergreen Formation of the Surat Basin in Queensland. dating to the late Toarcian at approximately 176.6 ma. ''Siderops'' was large, with a skull width wide and a total length of . References Jurassic temnospondyls Prehistoric amphibians of Australia Chigutisaurids Fossil taxa described in 1983 Early Jurassic amphibians {{temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachyopidae
Brachyopidae is an extinct scientific classification, family of temnospondyl Labyrinthodontia, labyrintodonts. They evolved in the early Mesozoic and were mostly aquatic. A fragmentary find from Lesotho, Africa is estimated to have been long, the largest amphibian ever known to have lived besides ''Prionosuchus''.Steyer, J.S. & Damiani, R. (2005): A giant brachyopoid temnospondyl from the Upper Triassic or Lower Jurassic of Lesotho. ''Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France'', no. 3: pp 243-248.abstract/ref> Brachyopids were the only group of temnospondyls to survive into the Jurassic aside from their sister family Chigutisauridae. With records of the family from the Jurassic of Asia. List of genera *''Banksiops'' *''Batrachosaurus'' *''Batrachosuchoides'' *''Batrachosuchus'' *''Brachyops'' *''Gobiops'' *''Notobrachyops'' *''Platycepsion'' *''Sinobrachyops'' *''Vanastega'' *''Xenobrachyops'' References External linksBrachyopidae at Palaeos. Brachyopids Amph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siderops
''Siderops'' is an extinct genus of chigutisaurid temnospondyl from Early Jurassic of Australia, containing the species ''S. kehli''. It is solely known from the holotype specimen, which consists of a nearly complete skull with mandible and postcrania were found within the Westgrove Ironstone Member of the Evergreen Formation of the Surat Basin in Queensland. dating to the late Toarcian at approximately 176.6 ma. ''Siderops'' was large, with a skull The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain. The skull is composed of four types of bone i.e., cranial bones, facial bones, ear ossicles and hyoid bone. However two parts are more prominent: the cranium and the mandible. In humans, th ... width wide and a total length of . References Jurassic temnospondyls Prehistoric amphibians of Australia Chigutisaurids Fossil taxa described in 1983 Early Jurassic amphibians {{temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superfamily (zoology)
In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. While older approaches to taxonomic classification were phenomenological, forming groups on the basis of similarities in appearance, organic structure and behaviour, methods based on genetic analysis have opened the road to cladistics. A given rank subsumes under it less general categories, that is, more specific descriptions of life forms. Above it, each rank is classified within more general categories of organisms and groups of organisms related to each other through inheritance of traits or features from common ancestors. The rank of any ''species'' and the description of its ''genus'' is ''basic''; which means that to identify a particular organism, it is usually not necessary to specify ranks other than these first two. Consider a particular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Afr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banksiops
''Banksiops'' is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian in the family Brachyopidae, recovered from Tasmania. The type species, ''Blinasaurus townrowi'', Cosgriff, 1974, was published as ''Banksia townrowi'' Warren & Marsicano, 1998 in a revision that erected this genus, a name emended to ''Banksiops townrowi'' Warren & Marsicano, 2000 in a subsequent note. The authors Anne Warren and Claudia Marscicano were alerted to another animal, a species of mite, that had used the name to commemorate the acarologist Nathan Banks. The genus name ''Banksia'', still current for the flowering plants ''Banksia'' (named for Joseph Banks), was proposed by the palaeontologists Warren and Marsicano for the geologist Max Banks. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenobrachyops
''Xenobrachyops'' is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian from the Triassic of Australia, describing a single species, ''Xenobrachyops allos''. It is estimated to have been around fifty centimetres long and its diet would have consisted of fish and insects. Fossils of ''Xenobrachyops'' have been found in the Arcadia Formation at Rewan, central Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , establishe .... References Brachyopids Induan life Olenekian life Triassic temnospondyls of Australia Paleontology in Queensland Fossil taxa described in 1972 {{triassic-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinobrachyops
''Sinobrachyops placenticephalus'' is an extinct temnospondyl amphibian from Middle Jurassic-aged Shaximiao Formation in the Sichuan basin, China. ''S. placenticephalus'' is one of the youngest known labyrinthodont amphibians.Dong, Zhiming. "The Dashanpu Dinosaur Fauna of Zigong Sichuan Short Report V-Labyrinthodont Amphibia." Vertebrata PalAsiatica 23.4 (1985): 301-30/ref>Warren, Anne, Thomas H. Rich, and Patricia Vickers-Rich. "The last labyrinthodonts." PALAEONTOGRAPHICA ABTEILUNG A-STUTTGART- 247 (1997): 1-2/ref> See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Middle Jurassic amphibians Prehistoric amphibians of Asia Brachyopids Fossil taxa described in 1985 {{jurassic-animal-stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other evolutionary narratives about ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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