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Boldine
Boldine is an alkaloid of the aporphine class that can be found in the boldo tree and in ''Lindera aggregata ''Lindera aggregata'' is a plant species belonging to the genus ''Lindera''. Other names Engl.: evergreen lindera, Japanese evergreen spicebush. TCM: trad.烏藥, simpl. 乌药 or 乌乐, pinyin : wūyào. Bot. syn.: ''Benzoin strychnifolium'' ...''. References Aporphine alkaloids Phenols Phenol ethers {{alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boldo
''Peumus boldus'', the only species in the genus ''Peumus'', is commonly known as boldo (from the Mapuche name ''foḻo''). This tree of the family Monimiaceae is natively endemic to the central region of Chile, occurring from 33° to 40° southern latitude. Boldo has also been introduced to Europe and North Africa, though it is not often seen outside botanical gardens. Due to its common name (boldo), mainly in Latin America, it is usually confused with the ''Plectranthus ornatus'' species, known as ''falso boldo'' ("fake ''boldo''"), ''boldo paraguayo'' or ''boldo rastrero'', which has led to confusion about the uses, properties and toxicity of both species. Description ''Boldo'', together with ''litre'', ''quillay'', ''peumo'', ''bollén'' and other indigenous plants, is a characteristic component of the sclerophyllous forests endemic to central Chile. Its leaves, which have a strong, woody and slightly bitter flavor and camphor-like aroma, are used for culinary purposes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aporphine
Aporphine is an alkaloid with the chemical formula . The IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) name of aporphine is ''6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo e,guinoline.'' It is the core chemical substructure of the aporphine alkaloids, a subclass of quinoline alkaloids. It can exist in either of two enantiomeric forms, (''R'')-aporphine and (''S'')-aporphine. Derivatives Many different derivatives have been isolated from plants. For example, many water-lilies (''Nymphaea'' species) produce aporphine alkaloids such as nymphaeine, nymphaline, nupharine, α- and β- nupharidine. ''In vitro'' tests of some aporphine derivatives isolated from ''Cassytha filiformis'', namely actinodaphnine, cassythine, and dicentrine, showed antiparasitic activity against ''Trypanosoma brucei''. Investigation of possible mechanisms revealed that the compounds bind to DNA and act as intercalating agents, besides inhibiting topoisomerase activity. Aporphine natural products o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lindera Aggregata
''Lindera aggregata'' is a plant species belonging to the genus ''Lindera''. Other names Engl.: evergreen lindera, Japanese evergreen spicebush. TCM: trad.烏藥, simpl. 乌药 or 乌乐, pinyin : wūyào. Bot. syn.: ''Benzoin strychnifolium'' (Sieb. & Zucc.) Kuntze, ''Daphnidium strychnifolium'' Sieb. & Zucc., ''Laurus aggregata'' Sims, ''Lindera eberhardtii'' Lecomte, ''Lindera strychnifolia'' (Sieb. & Zucc.) Fern. Use 乌药, ''radix lindera'', is present in the Compendium of Materia Medica and Kampo herb list. It is an ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine pill Chaihu Shugan Wan against "stagnation of liver qi, distension of chest and hypochondria, indigestion, and acid eructation", and in the Lindera Combination Teapills (simpl. 天台乌药丸, trad. 天臺烏藥丸, pinyin : tiāntái wūyào wán), a Chinese classic herbal formula. Biochemistry An A type proanthocyanidin trimer (epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-entcatechin-(4β-8)-catechin) can be found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aporphine Alkaloids
Aporphine alkaloids are naturally occurring chemical compounds from the group of alkaloids. After the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids they are the second largest group of isoquinoline alkaloids. At least 85 aporphine alkaloids have been isolated from plants of 15 families. The best known representative is apomorphine. The aporphine alkaloids are of interest mainly because of their similarity to morphine. Occurrence The aporphine alkaloids are most commonly found in plants. For example, isoboldine can be found in the plants in the genera ''Beilschmiedia'', ''Nandina'' (''Nandina domestica''), '' Glaucium'' (horn poppy), and other plants. As the name suggests, glaucine was first found in the horn poppy and usually the name of the alkaloids is derived from the plants in which they were first found. Corydin as a further representative of the aporphine alkaloids is found in ''Corydalis'' (larkspurs) ''Dicentra'' (heart flowers), and also in the horn poppy. Examples Apoglaziov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Some synthetic compounds of similar structure may also be termed alkaloids. In addition to carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, alkaloids may also contain oxygen, sulfur and, more rarely, other elements such as chlorine, bromine, and phosphorus.Chemical Encyclopedia: alkaloids xumuk.ru Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including , , Medicinal plant, plants, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenols
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (— O H) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest is phenol, . Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenols are both synthesized industrially and produced by plants and microorganisms. Properties Acidity Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pKa is usually between 10 and 12). Deprotonation of a phenol forms a corresponding negative phenolate ion or phenoxide ion, and the corresponding salts are called phenolates or phenoxides (aryloxides according to the IUPAC Gold Book). Condensation with aldehydes and ketones Phenols are susceptible to Electrophilic aromatic substitutions. Condensation with formald ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
