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Bicomponent Fiber
Bicomponent fiber is made of two materials, utilizing desired properties of each material. Such fibers can be created by extrusion spinning. One or both materials may remain in the finished product, or one material may be dissolved, leaving only one material remaining. For example, DuPont created the highly coiled elastic fiber called ''cantrese'' having two different nylon polymers side-by-side. Formats Formats of bicomponent fibers include: Side-by-side Extrusions are side-by-side within a single filament Core-sheath Extrusions with one material surrounding another Segmented Segmented like sections of a pie Islands-in-the-sea Islands-in-the-sea extrusions are also called matrix-fibril, because fibrils of one polymer are distributed in the matrix of another polymer. The matrix is known as the "sea", and the fibrils are known as islands. The matrix is a soluble material that is washed away by a suitable solvent at some point in the manufacturing process. What remain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spinning (polymers)
Spinning is a manufacturing process for creating polymer fibers. It is a specialized form of extrusion that uses a spinneret to form multiple continuous filaments.. Melt Spinning If the polymer is a thermoplastic then it can undergo melt spinning. The molten polymer is extruded through a spinneret composed of capillaries where the resulting filament is solidified by cooling. Nylon, olefin, polyester, saran, and sulfar are produced via this process. Extrusion spinning Pellets or granules of the solid polymer are fed into an extruder. The pellets are compressed, heated and melted by an extrusion screw, then fed to a spinning pump and into the spinneret. Direct spinning The direct spinning process avoids the stage of solid polymer pellets. The polymer melt is produced from the raw materials, and then from the polymer finisher directly pumped to the spinning mill. Direct spinning is mainly applied during production of polyester fibers and filaments and is dedicated to high produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teijin
is a Japanese chemical industry, chemical, pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutical and information technology company. Its main fields of operation are high-performance fibers such as aramid, carbon fibers & composites, healthcare, films, resin & plastic processing, polyester fibers, products converting and information technologies, IT products. The company is listed on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 stock index. As of March 2014, the Teijin Group comprises 151 companies, 56 in Japan and 95 overseas. Teijin is a member of the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFJ) keiretsu. Business segments and products * Advanced Fibers & Composites Business ** Aramid fibers ** High-performance polyethylene ** High-performance polyester fibers ** Polyethylene naphthalate, PEN fibers ** Artificial leather ** Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer, Carbon fiber reinforced composites ** Flame retardant, Flame-resistant fibers * Electric Materials & Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fibril
Fibrils (from the Latin ''fibra'') are structural biological materials found in nearly all living organisms. Not to be confused with fibers or filaments, fibrils tend to have diameters ranging from 10-100 nanometers (whereas fibers are micro to milli-scale structures and filaments have diameters approximately 10-50 nanometers in size). Fibrils are not usually found alone but rather are parts of greater hierarchical structures commonly found in biological systems. Due to the prevalence of fibrils in biological systems, their study is of great importance in the fields of microbiology, biomechanics, and materials science. Structure and mechanics Fibrils are composed of linear biopolymers, and are characterized by rod-like structures with high length-to-diameter ratios. They often spontaneously arrange into helical structures. In biomechanics problems, fibrils can be characterized as classical beams with a roughly circular cross-sectional area on the nanometer scale. As such, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matrix (geology)
The matrix or groundmass of a rock is the finer-grained mass of material in which larger grains, crystals, or clasts are embedded. The matrix of an igneous rock consists of finer-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals, called phenocrysts, are embedded. This porphyritic texture is indicative of multi-stage cooling of magma. For example, porphyritic andesite will have large phenocrysts of plagioclase in a fine-grained matrix. Also in South Africa, diamonds are often mined from a matrix of weathered clay-like rock (kimberlite) called "yellow ground". The matrix of sedimentary rocks is finer-grained sedimentary material, such as clay or silt, in which larger grains or clasts are embedded. It is also used to describe the rock material in which a fossil is embedded. Cementation All sediments are at first in an incoherent condition (e.g. sands, clays and gravels, beds of shells), and they may remain in this state for an indefinite period. Millions of years have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcantara (material)
Alcantara is the brand name of a common synthetic textile material. It has a soft, suede-like microfibre pile and is noted for its durability. Alcantara is commonly seen in automotive applications, as a substitute for leather and vinyl in vehicle interior trim. It is also used in the design, fashion, consumer electronics and marine industries. Alcantara was developed in the 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto and initially manufactured by the Italian company Alcantara. Alcantara is produced by combining an advanced spinning process (producing very low denier bicomponent " islands-in-the-sea" fiber) and chemical and textile production processes (needle punching, buffing, impregnation, extraction, finishing, dyeing, etc.) which interact with each other. History The material was developed in the early 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto, a scientist working for the Japanese chemical company Toray Industries. It was based on the same technology as another product from the same company named Ultrasu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
