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Baydzharakh
Baydzharakh (russian: Байджарах; Yakut: ) is a term based in the Yakut language, referring to a roughly cone-shaped natural rock formation. They are usually composed of siltstone, silty peat or loam. Description Baydzharakhs form owing to thermokarst activity in periglacial areas. They are the result of a cryolithological process by which polygonal ice-wedges thaw within the permafrost.Andreev, A. A., D. M. Peteet, P. E. Tarasov, F. A. Romanenko, L. V. Filimonova and L. D. Sulerzhitsky, 2001''Late Pleistocene Interstadial Environment on Faddeyevskiy Island, East-Siberian Sea, Russia .''Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 28–35, These formations usually reach a height between and with an area at the base between to . In the first phase of the ice melting process baydzharakhs have a pillar-like shape. When the ice mass in the surrounding rocks is high, they swell and form rounded depressions known as ''alas'' (Алаас) in Yakut. These depr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stolbovoy Island
Stolbovoy Island (russian: Столбовой остров) is a long and narrow island off the southwest side of the New Siberian archipelago in the eastern part of the Laptev Sea. It is located 184 km away from the Siberian coast and 100 km southwest of Kotelny Island, being thus quite detached from the New Siberian island group, although it belongs to the Lyakhov Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands. History According to Russian tradition in 1690 the Boyar Maxim Mukhoplev visited the island and found a number of crosses, the tombs of Russian seafarers who had previously been there. Stolbovoy was first charted by Yakov Sannikov in 1800. There was a meteorological station located on the north-west coast of the island at the time of the USSR. In 2012 an automatic GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) monitoring facility was installed in the same spot. Presently the island belongs to the Sakha Republic administrative division of the Russian Federation. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kotelny Island
Kotelny Island ( rus, Остров Котельный, r=Ostrov Kotelny; sah, Олгуйдаах Aрыы, translit=Olguydaax Arııta) is part of the Anzhu Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands located between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea in the Russian Arctic. It is administratively and municipally part of Bulunsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Kotelny, Faddeyevsky and Bunge Land are usually named as separate islands on most 20th century maps, although sometimes on the newest maps the name "Kotelny" is applied to the whole island. A flat, low-lying, plain connecting both is known as Bunge Land (russian: link=no, Земля Бунге). The total area of Kotelny Island is 23,165 km2.Great Soviet Encyclopedia Kotelny is one of the 50 largest islands in the world. These merged islands are a practically uninhabited territory belonging to Yakutia of the Russian Federation. History The island was officially discovered by a Russian merchant a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kigilyakh
Kigilyakh or kisiliyakh ( rus, кигиляхи; sah, киһилээх, meaning "stone person") are tall, pillar-like natural rock formations looking like tall monoliths standing more or less isolated. Usually they are composed of granite or sandstone shaped as a result of cryogenic weathering. Most kigilyakhs formed during the Cretaceous period and are about 120 million years old. Cultural significance and etymology These anthropomorphic rock pillars are an important feature in Yakut culture. Often they are slightly scattered, protruding from the surface of smooth mountains and giving the impression of a standing crowd of people. According to Yakut legends kigilyakhs originated in very ancient people. The Yakut word ''"kisiliy"'' means "a place where there are people". ''Kisilyakh'' means "mountain having a man" or "mountain married". The term "kigilyakh" is a distorted form of the original Yakut ''"kisilyakh"''. Locations Such stones are found in different places of Sakha ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yedoma
Yedoma (russian: едома) is an organic-rich (about 2% carbon by mass) Pleistocene-age permafrost with ice content of 50–90% by volume. Yedoma are abundant in the cold regions of eastern Siberia, such as northern Yakutia, as well as in Alaska and the Yukon. Characteristics The landscape of Yedoma areas is of glacier plains and hills with shallow depressions known as alas. Yedoma usually form in lowlands or stretches of land with rolling hills where ice wedge polygonal networks are present, in stable relief features with accumulation zones of poor drainage, severe cold and arid continental climate zones resulting in scanty vegetation cover, intense periglacial weathering processes, as well as the proximity of sediment sources, such as low mountain ranges and foothills. The amount of carbon trapped in this type of permafrost is much more prevalent than originally thought and may be about 210 to 500 Gt, that is a multiple of the amount of carbon released into the air each ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alas (geography)
Alas ( sah, Алаас) is a shallow depression which occurs primarily in Yakutia, which is formed by subsidence of the Arctic permafrost owing to repeated melting and refreezing. An alas first develops as a shallow lake as melt water fills the depression. The lake eventually dries out and is replaced by grasses and other herbaceous vegetation. Examples An alas is different from thermokarst depressions found elsewhere in the Arctic in that the lake is only temporary. Due to the aridity of Yakutia, the lake will dry up once the underlying ice has been depleted. Alases are often used for pasturage for horses as well as hay-fields. They are common in the Central Yakutian Lowland. The largest alas in the world is Myuryu, located in Ust-Aldan District. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yana-Indigirka Lowland
The Yana-Indigirka Lowland (russian: Яно-Индигирская низменность; sah, Дьааҥы - Индигир намтала) is a large, low alluvial plain located in northern Siberia, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia. Administratively most of the territory of the lowland is part of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). There are inhabited centers of population in the lowlands such as Chokurdakh, Olenegorsk and Nizhneyansk, but these are very few and scattered. Geography The lowland is named after the Yana River in the west and the Indigirka River in the east and is crossed by both rivers in their middle and lower courses. The area is mostly flat and very marshy, its northern limits extending for over from the Buor Khaya Gulf of the Laptev Sea in the west to the delta of river Indigirka in the East Siberian Sea in the east. It is limited by the Kyundyulyun, the northern end of the Selennyakh Range and the Polousny Range in the south. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rock Formations
A rock formation is an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop. Rock formations are usually the result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing rock. The term ''rock formation'' can also refer to specific sedimentary strata or other rock unit in stratigraphic and petrologic studies. A rock structure can be created in any rock type or combination: * Igneous rocks are created when molten rock cools and solidifies, with or without crystallisation. They may be either plutonic bodies or volcanic extrusive. Again, erosive forces sculpt their current forms. * Metamorphic rocks are created by rocks that have been transformed into another kind of rock, usually by some combination of heat, pressure, and chemical alteration. * Sedimentary rocks are created by a variety of processes but usually involving deposition, grain by grain, layer by layer, in water or, in the case of terrestrial sediments, on land through the action of wind or sometimes moving ice. Ero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permafrost
Permafrost is ground that continuously remains below 0 °C (32 °F) for two or more years, located on land or under the ocean. Most common in the Northern Hemisphere, around 15% of the Northern Hemisphere or 11% of the global surface is underlain by permafrost, with the total area of around 18 million km2. This includes substantial areas of Alaska, Greenland, Canada and Siberia. It can also be located on mountaintops in the Southern Hemisphere and beneath ice-free areas in the Antarctic. Permafrost does not have to be the first layer that is on the ground. It can be from an inch to several miles deep under the Earth's surface. It frequently occurs in ground ice, but it can also be present in non-porous bedrock. Permafrost is formed from ice holding various types of soil, sand, and rock in combination. Permafrost contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide, making tundra soil a carbon sink. As global war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laptev Sea
The Laptev Sea ( rus, мо́ре Ла́птевых, r=more Laptevykh; sah, Лаптевтар байҕаллара, translit=Laptevtar baỹğallara) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean. It is located between the northern coast of Siberia, the Taimyr Peninsula, Severnaya Zemlya and the New Siberian Islands. Its northern boundary passes from the Arctic Cape to a point with co-ordinates of 79°N and 139°E, and ends at the Anisiy Cape. The Kara Sea lies to the west, the East Siberian Sea to the east. The sea is named after the Russian explorers Dmitry Laptev and Khariton Laptev; formerly, it had been known under various names, the last being Nordenskiöld Sea (russian: link=no, мо́ре Норденшёльда), after explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. The sea has a severe climate with temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) over more than nine months per year, low water salinity, scarcity of flora, fauna and human population, and low depths (mostly less than 50 meters) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semyonovsky Island
Semyonovsky Island ('о. Семёновский' in Russian) was an island in the Lyakhovsky Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands. It was located in the southwestern area of the archipelago, in the eastern part of the Laptev Sea. Before its disappearance, it was at 4 km2, one of the smallest islands in the archipelago. In 1945, just before it disappeared, its sea cliffs rose about 24 meters above sea level.Grigorov, I.P., 1946, ''Disappearing islands.'' Priroda, pp. 58–65 (in Russian)Gavrilov, A.V., N.N. Romanovskii, V.E. Romanovsky, H.-W. Hubberten, and V. E. Tumskoy (2003). Reconstruction of Ice Complex Remnants on the Eastern Siberian Arctic Shelf. ''Permafrost and Periglacial Processes''. vol. 14, pp. 187–198. History Mr. I. Lyakhov, a merchant from Yakutsk, discovered this island in 1770. He discovered it by following the tracks of an enormous herd of reindeer across frozen sea ice. Czarina Catherine II rewarded him for discovering this and another island in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Academy Of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals. Peter the Great established the Academy (then the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences) in 1724 with guidance from Gottfried Leibniz. From its establishment, the Academy benefitted from a slate of foreign scholars as professors; the Academy then gained its first clear set of goals from the 1747 Charter. The Academy functioned as a university and research center throughout the mid-18th century until the university was dissolved, leaving research as the main pillar of the institution. The rest of the 18th century continuing on through the 19th century consisted of many published academic works from Academy scholars and a few Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulakhan-Sis Range
The Ulakhan-Sis Range ( rus, Улахан-Сис; sah, Улахан Сис) is a mountain range in the Sakha Republic, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia.Улахан-Сис (Ulakhan-Sis) / ; in 35 vols. / Ch. ed. Yu. S. Osipov. 2004—2017. This range is one of the areas of Yakutia where s are found. |
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