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Air Traffic Obstacle
An Air traffic obstacle is a tall structure which can endanger air traffic. Air traffic obstacles have to be marked in most cases with red and white colored markings and with aircraft warning lights at night. On larger structures blinking lights are required. An example of an air traffic obstacle is the air traffic control tower. In the past lamps similar to those used on lighthouses were sometimes used. There are still such lamps on Fernsehturm Stuttgart in Stuttgart, Germany. A fainter rotating light is on Blosenbergturm, Beromünster, Switzerland. A special method of marking was used at the mast of Deutschlandsender Herzberg/Elster in 1939. On small poles near the mast multiple rotating skybeamers were mounted which illuminated the lens-like structure on the top. Because of this no electrical installation was required on this mast. See also * Air navigation The basic principles of air navigation are identical to general navigation, which includes the process of plann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Warning Lights
Aviation obstruction lighting is used to enhance the visibility of structures or fixed obstacles which may conflict with the safe navigation of aircraft. Obstruction lighting is commonly installed on towers, buildings, and even fences located in areas where aircraft may be operating at low altitudes. In certain areas, some List of aviation regulatory bodies, aviation regulators mandate the installation, operation, color, and/or NOTAM, status notification of obstruction lighting. For maximum visibility and collision-avoidance, these lighting systems commonly employ one or more high-intensity Strobe light, strobe or LED lamp, LED devices which can be seen by Aircraft pilot, pilots from many miles away from the obstruction. Lamp types The lights generally come in two forms: * Red lamps that are either constantly illuminated or turn on and off slowly in a cycle of a few seconds. * White xenon flash lamps. Both types were in use in the United Kingdom until recently. New r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Traffic Control
Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace. The primary purpose of ATC worldwide is to prevent collisions, organize and expedite the flow of air traffic, and provide information and other support for pilots. Air traffic controllers monitor the location of aircraft in their assigned airspace by radar and communicate with the pilots by radio. To prevent collisions, ATC enforces traffic separation rules, which ensure each aircraft maintains a minimum amount of empty space around it at all times. In many countries, ATC provides services to all private, military, and commercial aircraft operating within its airspace. Depending on the type of flight and the class of airspace, ATC may issue ''instructions'' that pilots are required to obey, or ''advisories'' (known as ''flight infor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernsehturm Stuttgart
Fernsehturm Stuttgart ( en, Stuttgart TV Tower) is a telecommunications tower in Stuttgart, Germany. It was the first telecommunications tower in the world constructed from reinforced concrete, and it is the prototype for many such towers worldwide. Although controversial at first, it quickly became a well known landmark of Stuttgart and a tourist attraction. Location The tower is located on the hill '' Hoher Bopser'' (elevation 483 meters) in the southern Stuttgart borough of Degerloch. From the observation decks there is a view of Stuttgart, from the forests and vineyards in and around Stuttgart to the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest. History The tower's construction was controversial – critics opposed the new building method and its costs; a simple 200-meter antenna array would have cost just 200,000 DM. Construction began on 10 January 1954 and continued for 20 months. This made it the first telecom tower in the world built with reinforced concrete. The construction cost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blosenbergturm
The Blosenbergturm is a former radio transmission tower built for the German-language radio station DRS at Beromünster in the Canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, in 1937. It radiated first at 529 kHz and later at 531 kHZ, the lowest officially allocated frequency in the European medium-wave band. The Blosenbergturm is a self-radiating tower insulated against ground, i.e. the entire tower structure is used as an antenna. With a total height of it is currently the sixth tallest structure in Switzerland. It has a cabin at a height of , containing a coil for feeding the pinnacle, which is insulated against the rest of the tower, separately with high frequency power. Originally the tower was used as a dipole antenna, fed from the cabin. There was another, tall, freestanding lattice tower nearby, dismantled in 2011, which, like the Blosenbergturm, was a tower radiator insulated against ground. This tower, which was built in 1931, carried – together with a second tower, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beromünster
Beromünster is a municipality in the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2004 the former municipality of Schwarzenbach merged into the municipality of Beromünster.Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz accessed 9 February 2013 On 1 January 2009 the former municipality of merged into the municipality of Beromünster followed by Neudorf on 1 January 2013. History [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutschlandsender Herzberg/Elster
The Deutschlandsender III was a 500 kilowatt longwave transmitter, erected in 1938/39 near Herzberg, Brandenburg in Germany. Used for the ''Deutschlandsender'' radio broadcasts, the guyed mast reaching a height of was the tallest construction in Europe and the second tallest in the world. Construction The Deutschlandsender III used a tall guyed steel lattice mast of triangular cross section. This was used as a mast radiator and was therefore mounted on a high steatite insulator. At the top of the mast there was a lens-like electrical lengthening structure with a diameter of and a height of . Because the mast was under high voltage during transmission, the aircraft warning lighting was realized in a very unconventional manner. On small poles near the mast multiple rotating searchlights were mounted which illuminated the lens-like structure on the top. It was planned to expand the facility to a circle group antenna. Therefore, ten tall masts should be built on a circle with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Navigation
The basic principles of air navigation are identical to general navigation, which includes the process of planning, recording, and controlling the movement of a craft from one place to another. Successful air navigation involves piloting an aircraft from place to place without getting lost, not breaking the laws applying to aircraft, or endangering the safety of those on board or on the ground. Air navigation differs from the navigation of surface craft in several ways; Aircraft travel at relatively high speeds, leaving less time to calculate their position en route. Aircraft normally cannot stop in mid-air to ascertain their position at leisure. Aircraft are safety-limited by the amount of fuel they can carry; a surface vehicle can usually get lost, run out of fuel, then simply await rescue. There is no in-flight rescue for most aircraft. Additionally, collisions with obstructions are usually fatal. Therefore, constant awareness of position is critical for aircraft pilots. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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