|
Aiki-jō
Aiki-jō (Kanji: 合気杖 Hiragana: あいきじょう) is the name given specifically to the set of martial art techniques practiced with a '' jō'' (a wooden staff about four feet long), according to the principles of aikido. Jō techniques were introduced into aikido by Morihei Ueshiba, aikido's founder,Lowry, D. (1987): ''Jo: Art of the Japanese short staff'' (p. 27). Burbank, CA: Ohara. () and further developed by Morihiro Saito, one of Ueshiba's most prominent students. Development of aiki-jō Much of the aiki-jō syllabus was developed by Morihei Ueshiba (植芝 盛平 ''Ueshiba Morihei'', 1883–1969) at his dojo in Iwama, Japan, at the same time he developed aikido's sword training (called ''aiki-ken''). It is well documented that Ueshiba studied several different styles of martial arts, including the art of the spear (''sōjutsu'') and the modern art of the bayonet or " Jūkendō". The aiki-jō techniques taught by Ueshiba were a distillation and modification of that t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jūkendō
is the Japanese martial art of bayonet fighting,Stevens, J. (1985): "The Founder, Ueshiba Morihei." In R. Strozzi-Heckler (Ed.): ''Aikido and the new warrior'' (pp. 5–22). Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic. ()Mather, J. (1990): "A Sensei's story: Karate's Takayuki Kubota." ''Black Belt'', 28(6):40–44.Steele, D. E. (1991): "Training to fight Saddam's army: US troops prepared for hand-to-hand combat against Iraqis." ''Black Belt'', 29(5):33–36.Lowry, D. (2009): ''The Karate way: Discovering the spirit of practice'' (p. 76). Boston, MA: Shambhala. () and has been likened to kendo (but with bayonets instead of swords).Clayton, B. D., Horwitz, R., & Pollard, E. (2004): ''Shotokan's secret: The hidden truth behind Karate's fighting origins'' (p. 148). Black Belt Books. () According to Tanaka Fumon, jūkendō techniques are based on Japanese sojutsu (spear fighting)Tanaka, F. (2003): ''Samurai fighting arts: The spirit and the practice'' (p. 222). Tokyo: Kodansha International. () an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanji
are the logographic Chinese characters taken from the Chinese family of scripts, Chinese script and used in the writing of Japanese language, Japanese. They were made a major part of the Japanese writing system during the time of Old Japanese and are still used, along with the subsequently-derived syllabic scripts of ''hiragana'' and ''katakana''. The characters have Japanese pronunciation, pronunciations; most have two, with one based on the Chinese sound. A few characters were invented in Japan by constructing character components derived from other Chinese characters. After World War II, Japan made its own efforts to simplify the characters, now known as shinjitai, by a process similar to China's simplified Chinese characters, simplification efforts, with the intention to increase literacy among the common folk. Since the 1920s, the Japanese government has published character lists periodically to help direct the education of its citizenry through the myriad Chinese characte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The major theatres of military operations were located in Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden in Southern Manchuria, and the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. Russia sought a warm-water port on the Pacific Ocean both for its navy and for maritime trade. Vladivostok remained ice-free and operational only during the summer; Port Arthur, a naval base in Liaodong Province leased to Russia by the Qing dynasty of China from 1897, was operational year round. Russia had pursued an expansionist policy east of the Urals, in Siberia and the Far East, since the reign of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. Since the end of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Japan had feared Russian en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kata
''Kata'' is a Japanese word ( 型 or 形) meaning "form". It refers to a detailed choreographed pattern of martial arts movements made to be practised alone. It can also be reviewed within groups and in unison when training. It is practised in Japanese martial arts as a way to memorize and perfect the movements being executed. Korean martial arts with Japanese influence (hapkido, Tang Soo Do) use the derived term ''hyeong'' (hanja: 形) and also the term ''pumsae'' (hanja: 品勢 hangeul: 품새). Kata are also used in many traditional Japanese arts such as theatre forms like kabuki and schools of tea ceremony (''chadō''), but are most commonly known in the martial arts. Kata are used by most Japanese and Okinawan martial arts, such as iaido, judo, kendo, kenpo, and karate. Background Kata originally were teaching and training methods by which successful combat techniques were preserved and passed on. Practising kata allowed a company of persons to engage in a strug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hassō-no-kamae
, frequently shortened simply to ''hassō'' and occasionally called ''hassō-gamae'', is one of the five stances in kendo: ''jōdan'', ''chūdan'', ''gedan'', ''hassō'', and '' waki''. It is an offensive stance, named for one's ability to respond to a situation in any direction. ''Waki'' and ''hassō'' are not commonly used in modern kendo, except in kata. In ''hassō-no-kamae'', the left foot is forward, and the sword is held pointing upright with the hilt in front of the right shoulder. The blade should slope slightly to the rear. When cutting, the sword is raised above the head, as in ''jōdan''.上野 靖之 (1966) ''剣道教典 (Educational Model Fencing)'' 尚武館刊. p317 ''Hassō-no-kamae'' is used by uchidachi in the 4th kendo kata, opposite shidachi's ''waki-gamae''. This posture is also used in Naginata. It is also used in Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū's kata. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jōdan
, which in a martial arts context means something like "high level", is one of the three heights commonly referred to in Japanese martial arts. It refers to the upper part of the body, which includes the shoulders and above. See also *Chūdan *Gedan , meaning roughly "lower level", is one of the three heights commonly referred to in Japanese martial arts. It refers specifically to the lower part of the body, from the belt on the ''karategi'' and below. See also *Chūdan *Jōdan , which i ... References Directional terms in Japanese martial arts {{Martialart-term-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gedan
, meaning roughly "lower level", is one of the three heights commonly referred to in Japanese martial arts. It refers specifically to the lower part of the body, from the belt on the ''karategi'' and below. See also *Chūdan *Jōdan , which in a martial arts context means something like "high level", is one of the three heights commonly referred to in Japanese martial arts. It refers to the upper part of the body, which includes the shoulders and above. See also * Chūdan * ... Directional terms in Japanese martial arts {{Martialart-term-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choku-zuki
derives from the verb , meaning "to thrust". The second syllable is accented, with Japanese's unvoiced vowels making it pronounced almost like "ski" (but preceded by a "t" sound). In Japanese martial arts and Okinawan martial arts, ''tsuki'' is used to refer to various thrusting techniques. Tsuki in Karate In karate and its variants, the term ''tsuki'' is used as a part of a compound word for any one of a variety of thrusting techniques (usually punches). It is never used as a stand-alone term to describe a discrete technique. For example, ''gyaku seiken chudan-tsuki'', more commonly referred to as ''chudan-tsuki'' (段突), refers to a mid-level (''chudan'') punch (''tsuki'') executed with the rear (''gyaku'') arm. Note that in a compound word, where ''tsuki'' does not come first, its pronunciation and writing changes slightly due to rendaku, and it is pronounced as "''zuki''" (and is sometimes transliterated that way). Performing a Choku-Tsuki (Straight Punch) in Karate T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsuki
derives from the verb , meaning "to thrust". The second syllable is accented, with Japanese's unvoiced vowels making it pronounced almost like "ski" (but preceded by a "t" sound). In Japanese martial arts and Okinawan martial arts, ''tsuki'' is used to refer to various thrusting techniques. Tsuki in Karate In karate and its variants, the term ''tsuki'' is used as a part of a compound word for any one of a variety of thrusting techniques (usually punches). It is never used as a stand-alone term to describe a discrete technique. For example, ''gyaku seiken chudan-tsuki'', more commonly referred to as ''chudan-tsuki'' (段突), refers to a mid-level (''chudan'') punch (''tsuki'') executed with the rear (''gyaku'') arm. Note that in a compound word, where ''tsuki'' does not come first, its pronunciation and writing changes slightly due to rendaku, and it is pronounced as "''zuki''" (and is sometimes transliterated that way). Performing a Choku-Tsuki (Straight Punch) in Karate T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kata
''Kata'' is a Japanese word ( 型 or 形) meaning "form". It refers to a detailed choreographed pattern of martial arts movements made to be practised alone. It can also be reviewed within groups and in unison when training. It is practised in Japanese martial arts as a way to memorize and perfect the movements being executed. Korean martial arts with Japanese influence (hapkido, Tang Soo Do) use the derived term ''hyeong'' (hanja: 形) and also the term ''pumsae'' (hanja: 品勢 hangeul: 품새). Kata are also used in many traditional Japanese arts such as theatre forms like kabuki and schools of tea ceremony (''chadō''), but are most commonly known in the martial arts. Kata are used by most Japanese and Okinawan martial arts, such as iaido, judo, kendo, kenpo, and karate. Background Kata originally were teaching and training methods by which successful combat techniques were preserved and passed on. Practising kata allowed a company of persons to engage in a strug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bōjutsu
, translated from Japanese as "staff technique", is the martial art of stick fighting using a bō, which is the Japanese word for staff. Staffs have been in use for thousands of years in Asian martial arts like Silambam. Some techniques involve slashing, swinging, and stabbing with the staff. Others involve using the staff as a vaulting pole or as a prop for hand-to-hand strikes. Today ''bōjutsu'' is usually associated either with Okinawan ''kobudō'' or with Japanese '' koryū budō''. Japanese ''bōjutsu'' is one of the core elements of classical martial training. Thrusting, swinging, and striking techniques often resemble empty-hand movements, following the philosophy that the ''bō'' is merely an "extension of one’s limbs".Weapons Consequently, bōjutsu is often incorporated into other styles of empty-hand fighting, like traditional < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sōjutsu
, meaning "art of the spear", is the Japanese martial art of fighting with a . Origins Although the spear had a profound role in early Japanese mythology, where the islands of Japan themselves were said to be created by salt water dripping from the tip of the spear Ame-no-Nuhoko (Heavenly jeweled spear), as a weapon the first spear prototypes were brought from mainland Asia. These early versions were not seen as suitable by the Japanese, who later redesigned them once technology permitted. Use and popularity The Yari was a popular weapon throughout the feudal period of Japan,Antony Karasulas (2004)Zaimokuza Reconsidered: The Forensic Evidence, and Classical Japanese Swordsmanship, World Archaeology, 36, 4, Debates in World Archaeology pp. 507- 518 being cheaper to produce and requiring less training than other contemporary battlefield weapons, and lending itself to close formations of ashigaru troops, in conjunction with firearms upon their adoption in Japan. The height of sō ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
