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Avastrovirus
''Avastrovirus'' is a genus of viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's ..., in the family '' Astroviridae''. Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damages. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species: * '' Avastrovirus 1'' * '' Avastrovirus 2'' * '' Avastrovirus 3'' Structure Viruses in ''Avastrovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 35 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6.8-7kb in length. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astroviridae
''Astroviridae'' is a family of non-enveloped ssRNA viruses that cause infections in different animals. The family name is derived from the Greek word ''astron'' ("star") referring to the star-like appearance of spikes projecting from the surface of these small unenveloped viruses. Astroviruses were initially identified in humans but have since been isolated from other mammals and birds. This family of viruses consists of two genera, Avastrovirus (AAstV) and Mamastrovirus (MAstV). Astroviruses most frequently cause infection of the gastrointestinal tract but in some animals they may result in encephalitis (humans and cattle), hepatitis (avian) and nephritis (avian). Astroviruses were first identified in humans in 1975 from the stool of children with diarrhea. Human infections are usually self-limiting but may also spread systematically and infect immunocompromised individuals. Taxonomy The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) established ''Astroviridae'' as a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avastrovirus 1
''Avastrovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Astroviridae ''Astroviridae'' is a family of non-enveloped ssRNA viruses that cause infections in different animals. The family name is derived from the Greek word ''astron'' ("star") referring to the star-like appearance of spikes projecting from the surface ...''. Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damages. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species: * '' Avastrovirus 1'' * '' Avastrovirus 2'' * '' Avastrovirus 3'' Structure Viruses in ''Avastrovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 35 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6.8-7kb in length. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avastrovirus 2
''Avastrovirus 2'', also called avian nephritis virus, is an astrovirus which causes 'avian nephritis' in chickens. Causes: Infectious Stunting Syndrome — ISS — Baby Chick Nephritis — BCN. The virus has been reported in Japan, Europe, USA and New Zealand. The disease is mainly transmitted horizontally by the oro-faecal route, but rarely vertical transmission may occur. Clinical signs of the disease are normally only seen in chicks less than two weeks old, and these signs should be mild unless the chick is immunosuppressed. Clinical signs and diagnosis In mild cases diarrhea, stunted growth and skin lesions are the common clinical signs. Clinical signs are more severe in immunosuppressed, under-nourished or stressed chicks, with infection causing nephrosis, emaciation and even sudden death. On postmortem examination nephritis with accumulation of uric acid (gout) and enteritis are commonly present. A presumptive diagnosis may be based on clinical signs. For defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avastrovirus 3
''Avastrovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Astroviridae''. Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damages. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species: * ''Avastrovirus 1'' * ''Avastrovirus 2 ''Avastrovirus 2'', also called avian nephritis virus, is an astrovirus which causes 'avian nephritis' in chickens. Causes: Infectious Stunting Syndrome — ISS — Baby Chick Nephritis — BCN. The virus has been reported in Japan, Europe, US ...'' * '' Avastrovirus 3'' Structure Viruses in ''Avastrovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 35 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6.8-7kb in length. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
